Yadda za a yi wasa da clarinet?

Yara za su iya fara koyon wasa clarinet daga karce tun suna da shekaru 8, amma a lokaci guda, ƙananan clarinets na C (“Do”), D (“Re”) da Es (“E-flat”) sun dace. domin koyo. Wannan iyakance shine saboda gaskiyar cewa manyan clarinets suna buƙatar yatsu masu tsayi. Kusan shekaru 13-14, lokaci zai zo don gano sabbin dama da sautuna, misali, tare da clarinet a sikelin B (C). Manya za su iya zaɓar kowane nau'in kayan aikin don horar da su.

Fara koyan kunna kayan kida, mafari dole ne ya fara koyon yadda ake riƙe shi daidai kuma ya sanya shi don kunnawa.

An biya kulawa ta musamman ga tsarin clarinetist, tun da maki da yawa suna da mahimmanci a nan:

• saita jiki da kafafu;
• matsayi na kai;
• sanya hannu da yatsu;
• numfashi;
• matsayi na bakin magana a cikin baki;
• saitin harshe.

Lokacin wasa, kayan aikin yana a kusurwar digiri 45 dangane da jirgin ƙasa. Ƙararrawar clarinet tana sama da gwiwoyi na mawaƙin zaune. Ya kamata a rike kai tsaye.

Ana sanya hannu kamar haka.

• Hannun dama yana goyan bayan kayan aiki ta ƙananan gwiwa. Yatsan yatsan ya mamaye wani wuri na musamman da aka ƙera a gefe na clarinet daga ramukan sauti (ƙasa). Ana kiran wannan wurin tsayawa. Babban yatsan yatsan yatsa a nan yana hidima don riƙe kayan aikin da kyau. Yatsun fihirisa, tsakiya da na zobe suna kan ramukan sauti (bawul) na ƙananan gwiwa.
• Babban yatsan hannun hagu shima yana ƙasa, amma a cikin ɓangaren gwiwa na sama kawai. Ayyukansa shine sarrafa bawul ɗin octave. Yatsu na gaba (index, tsakiya da yatsun zobe) suna kwance akan bawuloli na gwiwa na sama.

Ayyuka mafi wahala ga masu farawa shine saita harshe, numfashi da bakin magana. Akwai nuances da yawa waɗanda ba zai yuwu ba za a iya jurewa gabaɗaya ba tare da ƙwararru ba. Yana da kyau a ɗauki ƴan darussa daga wurin malami.

Amma kana bukatar ka sani game da shi.

Ya kamata bakin bakin ya kwanta akan lebe na kasa, sannan ya shiga bakin ta yadda hakora na sama su taba shi a nesa na 12-14 mm daga farkon. Maimakon haka, wannan nisa za a iya tantance shi kawai ta hanyar gwaji. Lebe na nannade bakin bakin cikin zobe mai matsewa don hana iska fita daga wajen tashar lokacin da ake hura ciki.

A ƙasa akwai wasu cikakkun bayanai na embouchure ɗan wasan clarinet.

Numfashi yayin wasa

• ana yin inhalation da sauri kuma a lokaci guda tare da sasanninta na baki da hanci;
• exhale - a hankali, ba tare da katse bayanin kula ba.

An horar da numfashi daga farkon horo, yin wasan motsa jiki mai sauƙi a kan wani bayanin kula, kuma kadan daga baya - ma'auni daban-daban.

Harshen mawaƙin yana aiki azaman bawul, yana toshe tashar kuma yana yin alluran rafin iska wanda ke shiga tashar sauti na kayan aiki daga numfashi. A kan ayyukan harshe ne yanayin kiɗan mai sauti ya dogara: ci gaba, ba zato ba tsammani, mai ƙarfi, shiru, ƙarfafawa, kwantar da hankali. Alal misali, lokacin da ake karɓar sauti mai natsuwa, harshe ya kamata ya taɓa tashar ramin a hankali, sa'an nan kuma a hankali cire shi daga ciki.

Ya bayyana a fili cewa ba shi yiwuwa a kwatanta duk nuances na motsin harshe lokacin kunna clarinet. Madaidaicin sauti yana ƙayyade ta kunne kawai, kuma ƙwararren zai iya kimanta daidaitattun sautin.

Ana kunna clarinet dangane da tsarin ƙungiyar kiɗan da clarinetist ke takawa a ciki. Akwai galibin waƙoƙin kide-kide na A440. Don haka, kuna buƙatar kunna tsarin C (B) na ma'aunin yanayi, farawa daga sautin C.

Lokacin da sautin ya yi ƙasa da yadda ake buƙata, ana ƙara keg na kayan aikin ɗan gaba kaɗan daga gwiwa na sama a wurin haɗin su. Idan sautin ya fi girma, to, akasin haka, ganga yana motsawa zuwa gwiwa na sama. Idan ba zai yiwu a daidaita sauti tare da ganga ba, ana iya yin wannan tare da kararrawa ko ƙananan gwiwa.

Mafi kyawun motsa jiki don masu farawa suna wasa dogon bayanin kula don haɓaka numfashi da samun sautunan da suka dace tare da wasu wurare na bakin magana a cikin baki da ayyukan harshe.

Misali, mai zuwa zai yi:

Bayan haka, ana buga ma'auni a cikin lokuta daban-daban da rhythms. Ana buƙatar darussan don wannan a cikin littattafan wasa na clarinet, misali:

1. S. Rozanov. Makarantar Clarinet, bugu na 10;
2. G. Klose "Makarantar wasa da clarinet", gidan bugawa "Lan", St. Petersburg.

Koyawan bidiyo na iya taimakawa.

Yakamata a guji kurakuran horo masu zuwa:

• an kunna kayan aiki tare da ƙananan sautuna, wanda ba makawa zai haifar da bayanan karya lokacin wasa da ƙarfi;
• rashin kula da damshin bakin magana kafin wasa za a bayyana a bushe, bushewar sautin clarinet;
• Gyaran kayan aiki mara kyau ba ya haɓaka kunnen mawaƙi, amma yana haifar da rashin jin daɗi a cikin koyo (ya kamata ku ba da amanar kunnawa ga ƙwararru da farko).

Mafi mahimmancin kurakurai za su kasance ƙin darussa tare da malami da kuma rashin son koyon rubutun kiɗa.