Yaya koyo yake a makarantar kiɗa?

A baya can, ɗalibai sun yi karatu a makarantun kiɗa na shekaru 5 ko 7 - ya dogara da ƙwararrun da aka zaɓa (wato, akan kayan koyarwa). Yanzu, dangane da sake fasalin wannan reshe na ilimi, sharuɗɗan horo sun canza. Makarantun kiɗa na zamani da makarantun fasaha suna ba da shirye-shirye guda biyu don zaɓar daga - ƙwararrun ƙwararru (shekaru 8) da haɓaka gabaɗaya (wato, shirin mara nauyi, a matsakaici, wanda aka tsara don shekaru 3-4).

Mafi mahimmancin batu a makarantar kiɗa

Sau biyu a mako, ɗalibin yana halartar darussa na musamman, wato, koyon yin amfani da kayan aikin da ya zaɓa. Wadannan darussa suna kan daidaikun mutane. Malami a cikin ƙwararrun ana ɗaukarsa babban malami, babban mashawarci kuma yawanci yana aiki tare da ɗalibin tun daga aji na 1 har zuwa ƙarshen ilimi. A ka'ida, dalibi yakan kasance yana shakuwa da malaminsa a fannin sana'arsa, sauyin malami sau da yawa yakan zama dalilin da ya sa dalibi ya bar karatu a makarantar kiɗa.

A cikin darussan ƙwararrun, akwai aiki kai tsaye akan kayan aiki, darussan koyo da sassa daban-daban, shirya jarabawa, kide kide da gasa. Kowane ɗalibi a cikin shekara dole ne ya kammala takamaiman shirin da malamin ya haɓaka a cikin tsarin ɗalibin ɗaiɗai.

Ana yin duk wani rahoton ci gaba a bainar jama'a ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen fasaha, wasan kwaikwayo a wasannin kide-kide na ilimi da jarrabawa. Gabaɗayan repertoire ana koya kuma ana yin su ta zuciya. Wannan tsarin yana aiki mai girma, kuma a cikin shekaru 7-8, a matsayin mai mulkin, mai kunna kiɗan da ya dace tabbas zai fito daga ɗalibi mai ƙwarewa ko žasa.

Dabarun kida-ka'idar

An tsara tsarin karatun a makarantun kiɗa ta hanyar da za a ba wa ɗalibin mafi kyawun ra'ayin kiɗan, don ilmantar da shi ba kawai ƙwararren mai yin wasan kwaikwayo ba, har ma da ƙwararren mai sauraro, mutum mai haɓaka mai kyan gani. Don magance waɗannan matsalolin, batutuwa irin su solfeggio da wallafe-wallafen kiɗa suna taimakawa ta hanyoyi da yawa.

Solfeggio - batun da aka ba da lokaci mai yawa don nazarin ilimin kiɗa, ci gaban ji, tunanin kiɗa, ƙwaƙwalwa. Babban nau'ikan aiki a cikin waɗannan darussa:

• rera waƙa daga bayanin kula (ƙwararrun karatun rubutu mai kyau na haɓakawa, da kuma "ji da ji" na ciki na abin da aka rubuta a cikin bayanin kula);
• nazarin abubuwan kiɗan ta hanyar kunne (ana ɗaukar kiɗa a matsayin harshe tare da ka'idoji da tsarin sa, ana gayyatar ɗalibai don gano daidaitattun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗai da kyawawan sarƙoƙi ta kunne);
• Ƙa'idar kiɗa (lalacewar kiɗa na farkon ji ko sanannen waƙar daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya);
• motsa jiki na rera waƙa (yana haɓaka ƙwarewar ƙwararru mai tsabta - wato, waƙa mai tsafta, yana taimakawa wajen haɓaka sabbin abubuwa na maganganun kiɗa);
• rera waƙa a cikin gungu (waƙar haɗin gwiwa hanya ce mai tasiri ta haɓaka ji, yayin da take tilasta ɗalibai su daidaita da juna ta yadda za a sami kyakkyawar haɗin muryoyin a sakamakon haka);
• ayyuka masu ƙirƙira (ƙirƙirar waƙoƙi, waƙoƙi, zaɓin rakiya da sauran fasaha masu amfani da yawa waɗanda ke sa ku ji kamar ƙwararrun gaske).

Adabin kiɗa - wani darasi mai ban mamaki wanda aka baiwa dalibai damar sanin mafi kyawun ayyukan kiɗa na gargajiya a cikin wasu dalla-dalla, koyi cikakkun bayanai na tarihin kiɗa, rayuwa da aikin manyan mawaƙa - Bach, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Glinka, Tchaikovsky, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Prokofiev, Shostakovich da sauransu. Nazarin wallafe-wallafen kiɗa yana haɓaka ilimi, kuma ilimin ayyukan da aka karanta zai zo da amfani a cikin darussan adabin makaranta na yau da kullun a makaranta (akwai mahaɗai da yawa).

Murnar yin kiɗa tare

A makarantar waka, daya daga cikin darussa na wajibi shi ne wanda dalibai za su rera waka ko yin kida tare. Yana iya zama ƙungiyar mawaƙa, ƙungiyar makaɗa ko gungu (wani lokaci duk abubuwan da ke sama). Galibi, mawaka ko kungiyar kade-kade ita ce darasi da aka fi so, domin a nan ake samun zamantakewar dalibi, a nan ya hadu da abokansa. To, tsarin darussan kiɗa na haɗin gwiwa yana kawo kawai motsin rai mai kyau.

Wadanne darussa zaɓaɓɓu ne ake koyarwa a makarantun kiɗa?

Sau da yawa, ana koya wa yara ƙarin kayan aiki: misali, ga masu busa ƙaho ko violin na iya zama piano, ga ɗan wasan kwaikwayo yana iya zama domra ko guitar.

Daga cikin sabbin darussa na zamani a wasu makarantu, zaku iya samun azuzuwan wasa da kayan aikin lantarki, a cikin ilimin kida (ƙirƙira tare da taimakon shirye-shiryen kwamfuta don gyara ko ƙirƙirar kiɗa).

Ƙara koyo game da al'adu da al'adu na ƙasar haihuwa suna ba da damar darussan kan labarun gargajiya, fasahar gargajiya. Darussan kari suna ba ku damar fahimtar kiɗa ta hanyar motsi.

Idan ɗalibi yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙima don tsara kiɗa, to makarantar za ta yi ƙoƙarin bayyana waɗannan iyawar, idan zai yiwu, shirya azuzuwan abun da ke ciki.

Kamar yadda kuke gani, tsarin karatun a makarantun kiɗa yana da wadata sosai, don haka ziyartar ta na iya kawo fa'idodi da yawa. Mun yi magana game da lokacin da ya fi dacewa mu fara karatu a makarantar kiɗa a cikin fitowar da ta gabata.