Henry Wood |

Henry Wood

Daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali na kida na babban birnin Ingila shine Wajen Kade-kade na Promenade. Kowace shekara, dubban talakawa - ma'aikata, ma'aikata, dalibai - ziyarci su, sayen tikiti masu tsada da sauraron kiɗan da ƙwararrun masu fasaha suka yi. Masu sauraron kide-kide suna matukar godiya ga mutumin da ya kafa wannan aiki kuma shi ne mai gudanar da wannan aiki, wato Henry Wood.

Dukan rayuwar itacen kirki tana da alaƙa da ayyukan ilimi. Ya sadaukar da kansa gareta tun yana karama. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Royal Academy of Music a London a 1888, Wood ya yi aiki tare da opera daban-daban da kade-kade na kade-kade, yana ƙara cika da sha'awar kawo kiɗa mai kyau ga mutanen da ba za su iya siyan tikiti masu tsada don kide-kide da wasan kwaikwayo ba. Ƙaddamar da wannan kyakkyawan ra'ayi, Wood ya shirya a tsakiyar 1890s na "Promenade Concerts". Wannan sunan ba na bazata ba ne - yana nufin a zahiri: "wasan kide-kide-tafiya." Gaskiyar ita ce, a gare su duka rumfunan zauren gidan Queens Hall, inda aka fara yin su, an warware su daga kujeru, kuma masu sauraro suna iya sauraron kiɗa ba tare da cire rigar su ba, tsayawa, ko tafiya idan sun ga dama. Duk da haka, a gaskiya, ba shakka, babu wanda ke tafiya a lokacin wasan kwaikwayo a "Promenade Concerts" kuma yanayin fasaha na ainihi ya yi sarauta nan da nan. Kowace shekara sun fara tattara ɗimbin jama'a da yawa kuma daga baya "sun ƙaura" zuwa babban ɗakin Albert, inda har yanzu suke aiki a yau.

Henry Wood ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo na Promenade har zuwa mutuwarsa - daidai rabin karni. A wannan lokacin, ya gabatar da mutanen London ga ayyuka masu yawa. Kiɗa na ƙasashe daban-daban sun sami wakilci ko'ina a cikin shirye-shiryen, gami da, ba shakka, Ingilishi. A gaskiya ma, babu irin wannan yanki na wallafe-wallafen symphonic da jagoran bai yi magana ba. Kuma waƙar Rasha sun mamaye wuri mai mahimmanci a cikin kide-kide nasa. Tuni a farkon kakar - 1894/95 - Wood ya fara inganta aikin Tchaikovsky, sa'an nan kuma repertoire na "Promenade Concerts" aka wadãtar da da yawa qagaggun Glinka, Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky, Glazunov, Rimsky-Korsakov, Cui, Arensky. , Serev. Bayan Babban Oktoba juyin juya halin, Wood yi kowace shekara duk sabon abun da ke ciki na Myaskovsky, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Kabalevsky, Khachaturian, Gliere da sauran Soviet marubuta. Musamman yawancin kiɗa na Rasha da Soviet sun yi sauti a cikin "Concerts Promenade" a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. Wood akai-akai ya nuna juyayi ga mutanen Soviet, ya ba da shawarar abokantaka tsakanin USSR da Ingila a cikin gwagwarmayar abokan gaba.

Henry Wood ba a iyakance shi ba ga jagorantar kide-kide na Proms. Har ma a farkon ƙarni namu, ya jagoranci wasu zagayowar kide-kide na jama’a, waɗanda Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, wanda yake zaune a Ingila ya ziyarta. “Ba da daɗewa ba mun halarci wani kade-kaɗe mai kyau a karon farko a wannan lokacin sanyi kuma mun ji daɗi sosai, musamman da waƙar Tchaikovsky ta ƙarshe,” ya rubuta a wata wasiƙa zuwa ga mahaifiyarsa a lokacin sanyi na 1903.

Itace kullum gudanar ba kawai kide-kide ba, har ma da wasan kwaikwayo na opera (cikin wanda shine farkon farkon Ingilishi na "Eugene Onegin") ya zagaya a yawancin kasashen Turai da Amurka, wanda aka yi tare da mafi kyawun soloists a duniya. Tun 1923, mai daraja artist ya koyar da gudanarwa a Royal Academy of Music. Bugu da ƙari, Wood shine marubucin ayyukan kiɗa da yawa da littattafai game da kiɗa; ya sanya hannu a karshen tare da wani sunan da ake kira "P. Klenovsky. Don yin la'akari da zurfin hangen nesa na mai zane da kuma, aƙalla a wani ɓangare, ƙarfin gwanintarsa, ya isa ya saurari faifan bidiyo na Wood. Za mu ji, alal misali, kyakkyawan wasan kwaikwayo na Mozart's Don Giovanni overture, Dvorak's Slavic Dances, Mendelssohn's miniatures, Bach's Brandenburg Concertos da sauran tarin sauran abubuwan da aka tsara.

"Masu jagoranci na Zamani", M. 1969.