Fritz Busch |

Fritz Busch

Iyalin wani mai yin violin mai sassaucin ra'ayi daga garin Westphalian na Siegen ya ba duniya shahararrun masu fasaha guda biyu - 'yan'uwan Bush. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne shahararren dan wasan violin Adolf Busch, dayan kuma shi ne fitaccen madugu Fritz Busch.

Fritz Busch yayi karatu a Cologne Conservatory tare da Betcher, Steinbach da sauran ƙwararrun malamai. Kamar Wagner, ya fara gudanar da aikinsa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Riga City, inda ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru uku (1909-1311). A cikin 1912, Busch ya riga ya zama "darektan kiɗa na birni" a Aachen, da sauri ya sami suna tare da wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki na Bach, Brahms, Handel da Reger. Amma aikin soja a lokacin yakin duniya na farko ya katse ayyukansa na kida.

A watan Yunin 1918, Bush ya sake tsayawa a matsayin madugu. Ya shugabanci ƙungiyar Orchestra ta Stuttgart, inda ya maye gurbin shahararren madugu M. von Schillings a wurin, kuma a shekara ta gaba, gidan wasan opera. Anan mai zane yana aiki a matsayin mai tallata kiɗan zamani, musamman aikin P. Hindemith.

Yarinyar fasahar Bush ta zo a cikin shekaru ashirin, lokacin da yake jagorantar Opera na Jihar Dresden. Sunansa yana da alaƙa da irin waɗannan ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin farkon wasan operas "Intermezzo" da "Elena Masar" na R. Strauss; Boris Godunov na Mussorgsky shi ma an gudanar da shi a karon farko a dandalin Jamus karkashin sandar Bush. Bush ya fara rayuwar ayyukan mawaƙa da yawa a yanzu. Daga cikin su akwai operas Protagonist na K. Weil, Cardillac na P. Hindemith, Johnny Plays na E. Krenek. A lokaci guda, bayan gina "House of Festivals" a cikin unguwannin bayan gari na Dresden - Hellerau, Bush ya mayar da hankali sosai ga farfaɗo da masterpieces na mataki art na Gluck da Handel.

Duk wannan ya kawo Fritz Busch ƙaunar masu sauraro da kuma girmamawa a tsakanin abokan aiki. Yawon shakatawa da dama na kasashen waje ya kara karfafa masa suna. Yana da halayyar cewa lokacin da aka gayyaci Richard Strauss zuwa Dresden don gudanar da wasan opera Salome dangane da bikin cika shekaru ashirin da biyar na farkon samarwa, ya motsa shi ya ƙi yin kamar haka: Salome" don lashe, kuma yanzu ya cancanci magajin Shuh. , Bush mai ban mamaki, dole ne da kansa ya gudanar da aikin ranar tunawa. Ayyukana suna buƙatar madugu mai kyakkyawar hannu da cikakken iko, kuma Bush ne kawai.

Fritz Busch ya kasance darektan Dresden Opera har zuwa shekara ta 1933. Jim kadan bayan kwace mulki daga hannun 'yan Nazi, 'yan fashin fasikanci sun yi wani mugun cikas ga mawakan da ke ci gaba a lokacin wasan Rigoletto na gaba. Shahararren maestro ya bar mukaminsa kuma nan da nan ya yi hijira zuwa Kudancin Amirka. Da yake zaune a Buenos Aires, ya ci gaba da gudanar da wasanni da kide-kide, ya yi nasarar yawon shakatawa a Amurka, har zuwa 1939 a Ingila, inda ya ji daɗin ƙaunar jama'a.

Bayan shan kashin da Jamus ta yi wa Nazi, Bush ya sake ziyartar Turai akai-akai. Mai zane ya ci nasara ta ƙarshe tare da wasan kwaikwayo a bikin Glyndebourne da Edinburgh a 1950-1951. Jim kadan kafin mutuwarsa, ya yi rawar gani a Edinburgh "Don Giovanni" na Mozart da "Ƙarfin Ƙaddara" na Verdi.

"Masu jagoranci na Zamani", M. 1969.