Eugen Jochum |

Eugene Jochum

Ayyukan Eugen Jochum mai zaman kansa bai fara ba a cikin kwanciyar hankali na wani gari na lardin, kamar yadda sau da yawa yakan faru ga matasa masu jagoranci. A matsayinsa na mawaki mai shekaru ashirin da hudu, ya fara bayyanarsa tare da kungiyar kade-kade ta Philharmonic ta Munich kuma nan da nan ya ja hankalinsa, inda ya zaba don fara wasansa na farko kuma ya yi waka da Bruckner's Seventh Symphony. Shekaru da yawa sun shude tun lokacin, amma halayen gwanintar gwanin da suka fito sannan har yanzu suna ƙayyade jagorancin fasaharsa - faffadan fa'ida, ikon "sculpt" babban nau'i, monumentality na ra'ayoyi; kuma kiɗan Bruckner ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan Jochum.

A karon farko tare da kungiyar kade-kade ta Munich ya kasance kafin shekaru na karatu a Cibiyar Nazarin Kiɗa na wannan birni. Jochum, yana shiga nan, ya ɗauka, bisa ga al'adar iyali, ya zama organist da mawaƙin coci. Amma nan da nan ya bayyana a fili cewa shi haifaffen madugu ne. Daga baya sai ya yi aiki a gidajen wasan opera na garuruwan Jamus na lardin - Gladbach, Kiel, Mannheim; a karshen, Furtwängler da kansa ya ba da shawarar shi a matsayin babban mai gudanarwa. Amma opera ba ta jawo hankalinsa musamman ba, kuma da zarar damar da ta samu, Jochum ya fi son wasan kwaikwayo a gare ta. Ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a Duisburg, kuma a 1932 ya zama shugaban kungiyar kade-kade na Rediyon Berlin. Har ma a lokacin, mai zane a kai a kai ya yi wasa tare da wasu manyan kungiyoyi, ciki har da Berlin Philharmonic da Opera State. A cikin 1934, Jochum ya riga ya zama sanannen madugu, kuma ya faru ya jagoranci rayuwar kida na Hamburg a matsayin babban jagoran gidan wasan opera da philharmonic.

Wani sabon lokaci a cikin aikin Jochum ya zo a cikin 1948, lokacin da gidan rediyon Bavaria ya ba shi damar kafa ƙungiyar mawaƙa mafi kyawun mawaƙa da ya zaɓa. Ba da daɗewa ba, sabuwar ƙungiyar ta sami suna a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun ƙungiyar makaɗa a Jamus, kuma a karon farko wannan ya ba wa shugabanta suna sosai. Jochum yana halartar bukukuwa da yawa - a Venice, Edinburgh, Montreux, yawon shakatawa a manyan biranen Turai da Amurka. Kamar yadda ya gabata, mai zane a wasu lokuta yana gudanar da ayyukan opera a Turai da Amurka. Bayan mutuwar E. van Beinum, tare da B. Haitink, Jochum ya jagoranci aikin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun mawaƙa na Turai - Concertgebouw.

Eugen Jochum shine mai ci gaba da al'adun soyayya na makarantar jagoran Jamus. An fi saninsa da hurarrun mai fassara na manyan kade-kade na Beethoven, Schubert, Brahms da Bruckner; Wani muhimmin wuri a cikin repertoire kuma yana shagaltar da ayyukan Mozart, Wagner, R. Strauss. Daga cikin sanannun rikodin Jochum, mun lura da Matiyu Passion da Bach's Mass a cikin ƙananan B (tare da sa hannun L. Marshall, P. Pierce, K. Borg da sauransu), Symphony na takwas na Schubert, Beethoven's Fifth, Bruckner's Fifth, wasan kwaikwayo na ƙarshe da wasan opera ” Sace daga Seraglio ta Mozart. Daga cikin mawaƙa na zamani, Jochum ya fi son yin ayyukan waɗanda ke da alaƙa da al'adar gargajiya: wanda ya fi so shi ne K. Orff. Peru Jochum ya mallaki littafin "A kan Peculiarities of Conducting" (1933).

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969