Beethoven piano sonatas tare da lakabi

Salon sonata yana da matsayi mai mahimmanci a cikin aikin L. Beethoven. Siffar sa ta al'ada tana jujjuya juyin halitta kuma tana canzawa zuwa soyayya. Ayyukansa na farko ana iya kiransa gadon ƙwararrun 'yan wasan Viennese Haydn da Mozart, amma a cikin manyan ayyukansa ba a iya gane waƙar gabaɗaya.

A tsawon lokaci, hotunan Beethoven's sonatas gaba ɗaya suna motsawa daga matsalolin waje zuwa abubuwan da suka dace, tattaunawa na ciki na mutum tare da kansa.

Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa sabon sabon kiɗan Beethoven yana da alaƙa da shirye-shirye, wato, baiwa kowane aiki da takamaiman hoto ko makirci. Wasu daga cikin sonatas a zahiri suna da take. Duk da haka, shi ne marubucin wanda ya ba da suna daya kawai: Sonata A'a. 26 yana da ƙaramin magana a matsayin epigraph - "Lebe wohl". Kowane ɓangaren kuma yana da suna na soyayya: "Farewell", "Rabuwa", "Taro".

Sauran sonatas an riga an lakafta su a cikin aiwatar da fitarwa kuma tare da haɓakar shahararsu. Abokai, masu wallafawa, da masu sha'awar ƙirƙira ne kawai suka ƙirƙira waɗannan sunaye. Kowannensu yayi daidai da yanayi da ƙungiyoyi waɗanda suka tashi lokacin da aka nutsar da su cikin wannan kiɗan.

Babu wani makirci irin wannan a cikin zagayowar sonata na Beethoven, amma marubucin wani lokaci a fili yana iya haifar da tashin hankali mai ban mamaki a ƙarƙashin ra'ayi ɗaya na ma'ana, ya isar da kalmar a fili tare da taimakon jimla da zage-zage wanda makircin ya ba da shawarar kansu. Amma shi da kansa ya fi tunani a falsafa fiye da makirci.

Sonata No. 8 "Pathetique"

Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko, Sonata No. 8, ana kiransa "Pathetique". Beethoven da kansa ya ba shi sunan "Babban Pathetic", amma ba a nuna shi a cikin rubutun ba. Wannan aikin ya zama wani nau'i na sakamakon aikinsa na farko. Hotunan jaruntaka masu ban mamaki sun bayyana a fili a nan. Mawaƙin mai shekaru 28, wanda ya riga ya fara fuskantar matsalolin ji kuma ya fahimci komai a cikin launuka masu ban tsoro, babu makawa ya fara kusanci rayuwa ta hanyar falsafa. Waƙar wasan kwaikwayo mai haske na sonata, musamman ɓangarensa na farko, ya zama batun tattaunawa da cece-kuce ba ƙasa da na farko na opera ba.

Sabon sabon waka kuma ya kasance a cikin bambance-bambance, fadace-fadace da fafutuka a tsakanin jam’iyyu, a lokaci guda kuma shigarsu cikin juna da samar da hadin kai da ci gaba mai ma’ana. Sunan yana ba da kansa cikakke, musamman tunda ƙarshen yana nuna ƙalubale ga ƙaddara.

Sonata No. 14 "Hasken Wata"

Cike da kyau na lyrical, ƙaunatattun mutane da yawa, "Moonlight Sonata" an rubuta shi a lokacin mummunan lokacin rayuwar Beethoven: rushewar bege na makoma mai farin ciki tare da ƙaunataccensa da kuma bayyanar farko na rashin lafiya maras nauyi. Wannan hakika ikirari ne na mawaki da kuma aikin da ya fi so. Sonata No. 14 ta sami kyakkyawan suna daga Ludwig Relstab, sanannen mai suka. Wannan ya faru ne bayan mutuwar Beethoven.

Don neman sababbin ra'ayoyi don zagayowar sonata, Beethoven ya tashi daga tsarin tsararru na gargajiya kuma ya zo da sifar sonata na fantasy. Ta hanyar karya iyakokin tsarin gargajiya, Beethoven don haka ya ƙalubalanci canons waɗanda ke tilasta aikinsa da rayuwarsa.

Sonata No. 15 “Pastoral”

Sonata No. 15 an kira shi "Grand Sonata" ta marubucin, amma mai wallafa daga Hamburg A. Kranz ya ba shi suna daban - "Pastoral". Ba a san shi sosai a ƙarƙashinsa ba, amma ya yi daidai da hali da yanayin kiɗan. Launuka masu kwantar da hankali na pastel, lyrical da ƙwararrun hotunan aikin sun gaya mana game da yanayin jituwa wanda Beethoven ya kasance a lokacin rubuta shi. Marubucin da kansa yana son wannan sonata sosai kuma ya buga ta akai-akai.

Sonata No. 21 "Aurora"

Sonata No. 21, wanda ake kira "Aurora," an rubuta shi a cikin shekarun da suka kasance mafi girma na nasara na mawaƙa, Eroic Symphony. Ubangijin alfijir ya zama abin tunawa ga wannan abun. Hotunan yanayin farkawa da maƙasudin waƙoƙi suna nuna alamar sake haifuwa na ruhaniya, yanayi mai kyakkyawan fata da haɓakar ƙarfi. Wannan ɗayan ayyukan Beethoven ne da ba kasafai ba inda akwai farin ciki, ƙarfin tabbatar da rayuwa da haske. Romain Rolland ya kira wannan aikin "The White Sonata". Motifs na al'ada da raye-rayen raye-rayen jama'a su ma suna nuna kusancin wannan kiɗan ga yanayi.

Sonata No. 23 "Appassionata"

Taken “Appassionata” na sonata No. 23 kuma ba marubucin ya ba shi ba, amma ta mawallafin Kranz. Beethoven da kansa ya tuna da ra'ayin jaruntakar ɗan adam da jarumtaka, fifikon tunani da so, wanda ke cikin Shakespeare's The Tempest. Sunan, ya fito daga kalmar "sha'awa," ya dace sosai dangane da tsarin siffa na wannan kiɗan. Wannan aikin ya shanye duk wani iko na ban mamaki da matsi na jarumtaka da suka taru a cikin ran mawakin. Sonata yana cike da ruhun tawaye, ra'ayoyin juriya da gwagwarmaya mai tsayi. Wannan cikakkiyar wasan kwaikwayo da aka bayyana a cikin Jarumi Symphony tana cikin hazaka cikin wannan sonata.

Sonata No. 26 "Bakwai, Rabuwa, Komawa"

Sonata No. 26, kamar yadda aka riga aka fada, shine kawai aikin shirye-shirye na gaske a cikin sake zagayowar. Tsarinsa "Bakwai, Rabuwa, Komawa" kamar yanayin rayuwa ne, inda bayan rabuwa masoya suka sake haduwa. An sadaukar da sonata don tafiya Archduke Rudolph, abokin mawaki kuma dalibi, daga Vienna. Kusan duk abokan Beethoven sun tafi tare da shi.

Sonata No. 29 "Hammerklavier"

Ɗaya daga cikin na ƙarshe a cikin sake zagayowar, Sonata No. 29, ana kiransa "Hammerklavier". An rubuta wannan waƙar don sabon kayan aikin guduma da aka ƙirƙira a lokacin. Don wasu dalilai an sanya wannan sunan ne kawai ga sonata 29, kodayake bayanin Hammerklavier ya bayyana a cikin rubuce-rubucen duk sonatas na baya.