André Cluytens |

André Cluytens

Da alama kaddara ce kanta ta kawo Andre Kluitens zuwa wurin madugu. Kakansa da mahaifinsa duka madugu ne, amma shi da kansa ya fara wasan piano, inda ya kammala karatunsa na Conservatory na Antwerp yana ɗan shekara sha shida a aji na E. Boske. Daga nan Kluiten ya shiga gidan opera na gida a matsayin mawaƙin pianist da darektan ƙungiyar mawaƙa. Ya ba da labarin da ya fara fitowa a matsayin madugu: “Ina ɗan shekara 21 sa’ad da wata ranar Lahadi mahaifina, shugaban gidan wasan kwaikwayo ɗaya, ya yi rashin lafiya. Me za a yi? Lahadi - duk gidajen wasan kwaikwayo a buɗe suke, duk masu gudanarwa suna aiki. Daraktan ya yanke shawarar ɗaukar mataki mai ban tsoro: ya ba wa matashin rakiya don yin kasada. “Masu neman lu’u-lu’u” sun kasance… A ƙarshe, dukkan hukumomin Antwerp baki ɗaya sun ayyana: Andre Kluytens haifaffen madugu ne. A hankali, na fara maye gurbin mahaifina a wurin madugu; lokacin da ya yi ritaya daga gidan wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin da ya tsufa, na ɗauki matsayinsa.

A cikin shekarun baya, Kluitens ya yi aiki na musamman a matsayin mai sarrafa opera. Yana jagorantar gidajen wasan kwaikwayo a Toulouse, Lyon, Bordeaux, yana samun karbuwa sosai a Faransa. A shekara ta 1938, al'amarin ya taimaka wa artist ya fara halarta a karon a kan wasan kwaikwayo mataki: a Vichy dole ne ya gudanar da wani concert daga ayyukan Beethoven a maimakon Krips, wanda aka hana ya bar Austria shagaltar da Jamus. A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, Kluytens ya gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na opera da kide-kide a Lyon da Paris, shine farkon wanda ya fara yin ayyuka da dama daga marubutan Faransa - J. Francais, T. Aubin, JJ Grunenwald, A. Jolivet, A. Busse, O. Messiaen, D. Millau da sauransu.

Ranar farin ciki na ayyukan kirkire-kirkire na Kluytens ya zo a ƙarshen shekarun arba'in. Ya zama shugaban gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Opera Comique (1947), yana gudanarwa a Grand Opera, yana jagorantar ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Society of Concerts na Conservatory na Paris, yana yin balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguro da ya shafi Turai, Amurka, Asiya da Ostiraliya; yana da martabar kasancewarsa shugaba na farko na Faransa da aka gayyace shi don yin wasa a Bayreuth, kuma tun 1955 ya fito fiye da sau ɗaya a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bayreuth Theatre. A ƙarshe, a cikin 1960, an ƙara ƙarin lakabi guda ɗaya a cikin sunayensa masu yawa, watakila musamman abin ƙauna ga mai fasaha - ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta National Symphony a ƙasarsa ta Belgium.

Repertoire na mai zane yana da girma kuma ya bambanta. Ya shahara a matsayin ƙwararren ƙwararren operas da ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo na Mozart, Beethoven, Wagner. Amma ƙaunar jama'a ta kawo Cluytens da farko fassarar kiɗan Faransanci. A cikin repertoire - duk mafi kyawun abin da mawallafin Faransanci suka halitta a baya da na yanzu. Fitowar jagorar mai zane an yi masa alama da faransa zalla, alheri da ladabi, sha'awa da sauƙin aiwatar da kida. Duk waɗannan halaye sun bayyana a fili yayin ziyarar da jagoran ya yi a ƙasarmu. Ba don komai ba ne cewa ayyukan Berlioz, Bizet, Franck, Debussy, Ravel, Duke, Roussel sun mamaye babban wuri a cikin shirye-shiryensa. Sukar da aka samu daidai a cikin fasahar nasa "muhimmancin da zurfin niyya na fasaha", "ikon ɗaukar ƙungiyar makaɗa", ya lura da "roba, daidaici da kuma bayyana karimcinsa." "Da yake magana da mu a cikin harshen fasaha," I. Martynov ya rubuta, "ya gabatar da mu kai tsaye zuwa duniyar tunani da jin daɗin manyan mawaƙa. Duk hanyoyin fasaharsa na ƙwararru suna ƙarƙashin wannan.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek