Zdeněk Chalabala |

Zdenek Chalabala

'Yan uwansa sun kira Halabala "abokin kiɗan Rasha". Kuma lalle ne, a duk inda mai zane ya yi aiki shekaru da yawa na aikinsa a matsayin jagora, kiɗan Rasha koyaushe yana cikin tsakiyar hankalinsa tare da kiɗan Czech da Slovak.

Halabala haifaffen madugun opera ne. Ya zo gidan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1924 kuma ya fara tsayawa a filin wasa a cikin ƙaramin garin Ugreshski Hradiste. A digiri na Brno Conservatory, almajiri na L. Janáček da F. Neumann, ya sauri nuna iyawa, gudanar da duka biyu a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma a cikin kide-kide na Slovak Philharmonic kafa tare da sa hannu. Tun 1925, ya fara aiki a Brno Folk Theater, wanda daga baya ya zama babban shugaba.

A wannan lokacin, ba wai kawai tsarin ƙirar mai gudanarwa ya ƙaddara ba, har ma da jagorancin aikinsa: ya shirya wasan kwaikwayo na Dvořák da Fibich a Brno, ya ƙarfafa aikin L. Janáček da karfi, ya juya zuwa kiɗa na mawaƙa na zamani. - Novak, Förster, E. Schulhoff, B. Martina, zuwa ga classic Rasha ("The Snow Maiden", "Prince Igor", "Boris Godunov", "Khovanshchina", "The Tsar's Bride", "Kitezh"). Babban rawa a cikin makomarsa ya taka rawar gani ta hanyar ganawa da Chaliapin, wanda jagoran ya kira daya daga cikin "malamansa na gaske": a 1931, mawaƙa na Rasha ya ziyarci Brno, yana yin wani ɓangare na Boris.

A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, yin aiki tare da V. Talich a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Prague, Halabala ya kasance mai jagorancin wannan ka'idoji. Tare da na gargajiya na Czech da na Rasha, ya shirya wasan operas na B. Vomachka, M. Krejci, I. Zelinka, F. Shkroupa.

Zamanin Halabala ya yi fice ya zo ne a bayan yakin. Ya kasance babban jagoran manyan gidajen wasan kwaikwayo a Czechoslovakia - a Ostrava (1945-1947), Brno (1949-1952), Bratislava (1952-1953) kuma, a ƙarshe, daga 1953 har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwarsa ya jagoranci gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa. in Prague. Kyawawan gyare-gyare na gargajiya na cikin gida da na Rasha, irin operas na zamani kamar Svyatopluk na Sukhonya da Prokofiev's Tale of a Real Man, ya kawo darajar Halabala da ya cancanta.

Jagoran ya sha yin wasanni a kasashen waje - a Yugoslavia, Poland, Jamus ta Gabas, Italiya. A cikin 1 ya yi tafiya zuwa USSR a karon farko tare da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Prague, yana gudanar da Smetana's The Bartered Bride da Dvořák's Rusalka. Kuma shekaru biyu daga baya ya ziyarci Moscow Bolshoi gidan wasan kwaikwayo, inda ya halarci samar da "Boris Godunov", "The Taming na Shrew" Shebalin, "Yarinyarsa" Janacek da Leningrad - "The Mermaid" by Dvorak. . Wasannin da aka yi a karkashin jagorancinsa, 'yan jarida na Moscow sun kira "wani muhimmin lamari a cikin rayuwar kiɗa"; masu sukar sun yaba da aikin "mai fasaha na gaske da hankali" wanda "ya ja hankalin masu sauraro tare da fassara mai gamsarwa."

Mafi kyawun fasalulluka na basirar Halabala - zurfin da dabara, faffadan fa'ida, ma'auni na ra'ayi - suma suna nunawa a cikin rikodin da ya bari, ciki har da operas "Whirlpool" na Sukhonya, "Sharka" na Fibich, "Shaidan da Kacha" na Dvorak da kuma wasu, kamar yadda aka yi a cikin USSR rikodin wasan opera V. Shebalin "The Taming of the Shrew".

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek