Tambourine: bayanin kayan aiki, abun da ke ciki, sauti, tarihi, iri, amfani

Babban kakannin kayan kaɗe-kaɗe na kaɗe-kaɗe shi ne tambourine. A zahiri mai sauƙi, yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar tsarin rhythmic mai ban mamaki mai ban mamaki, ana iya amfani da shi daban-daban ko sauti a hade tare da sauran wakilan dangin orchestral.

Menene tambourine

Wani nau'in wayar membrano, wanda ake fitar da sauti daga gare shi ta hanyar bugun yatsa ko mallet na katako. Zane-zanen baki ne wanda aka shimfiɗa membrane. Sautin yana da sauti mara iyaka. Daga baya, bisa ga wannan kayan aiki, ganga da tambourine za su bayyana.

Na'urar

Wayar membrano ta ƙunshi ƙarfe ko bakin katako wanda aka shimfiɗa membrane a kai. A cikin classic version, wannan shine fata na dabbobi. A cikin mutane daban-daban, wasu kayan kuma na iya aiki azaman membrane. Ana saka faranti na ƙarfe a cikin bakin. Wasu kambun suna sanye da karrarawa; lokacin da aka buga a kan membrane, suna haifar da ƙarin sauti wanda ya haɗu da gandun daji tare da ringing.

Tarihi

Kayan kade-kade masu kama da ganga a zamanin da suna cikin al'ummomi daban-daban na duniya. A Asiya, ya bayyana a cikin karni na II-III, kusan lokaci guda ana amfani dashi a Girka. Daga yankin Asiya, motsi na tambourine zuwa yamma da gabas ya fara. An yi amfani da kayan aiki sosai a Ireland, a Italiya da Spain ya zama sananne. An fassara ta zuwa Italiyanci, ana kiran tamburin tamburino. Don haka an karkatar da kalmomi, amma a haƙiƙanin tambourine da tambourine kayan aiki ne masu alaƙa.

Membranophones sun taka rawa ta musamman a shamanism. Sautin su ya iya kawo masu sauraro zuwa yanayin jin dadi, don sanya su cikin hayyacinsu. Kowane shaman yana da kayan aikin sa, babu wanda zai iya taɓa shi. An yi amfani da fatar saniya ko rago a matsayin membrane. An ja shi a gefen gefen da yadin da aka saka, an tsare shi da zoben karfe.

A Rasha, tambourine kayan aikin soja ne. Sautin sautinsa ya tayar da ruhin sojojin kafin yakin da ake yi da abokan gaba. An yi amfani da busa don samar da sauti. Daga baya, membranophone ya zama sifa na bukukuwan al'ada na arna. Don haka a Shrovetide buffoons tare da taimakon tambourine da ake kira mutane.

Kayan kaɗe-kaɗe da kaɗe-kaɗe wani ɓangare ne na rakiyar kiɗan yaƙin Crusades a Kudancin Turai. A Yammacin Turai, tun ƙarshen karni na 22, ana amfani da shi a cikin kade-kade na kade-kade. Girman baki tare da faranti ya bambanta tsakanin mutane daban-daban. Indiyawan sun yi amfani da ƙaramin tambourin "kanjira", diamita na kayan kiɗan bai wuce santimita 60 ba. Mafi girma - game da santimita XNUMX - shine nau'in Irish na "bojran". Ana wasa da sanduna.

Yakut da Altai shamans ne suka yi amfani da ainihin irin tambourine. Akwai hannu a ciki. Irin wannan kayan aiki ya zama sanannun "Tungur". Kuma a Gabas ta Tsakiya, an yi amfani da fatar sturgeon wajen kera wayar membrano. "Gaval" ko "daf" yana da sauti na musamman, mai laushi.

iri

Tambourine kayan kida ne wanda bai rasa mahimmancinsa ba ko da tsawon lokaci. A yau, nau'ikan waɗannan wayoyin membranophones sun bambanta:

• Orchestral - ana amfani da shi azaman ɓangare na ƙungiyar kade-kade na kade-kade, an sami aikace-aikace mai faɗi a cikin ƙwararrun kiɗan. Ana gyara faranti na ƙarfe a cikin ramummuka na musamman a cikin bakin, membrane an yi shi da filastik ko fata. Sassan ƙungiyar kade-kade a cikin maki an daidaita su akan mai mulki ɗaya.
• Kabilanci - mafi yawan iri-iri a cikin bayyanarsa. Mafi sau da yawa ana amfani da su a aikin al'ada. Tambourines na iya kama da sauti daban-daban, suna da nau'ikan girma dabam. Bugu da ƙari, kuge, don sautuna iri-iri, ana amfani da karrarawa, waɗanda aka ja a kan waya a ƙarƙashin membrane. Yaduwa a cikin al'adun shamanic. An yi ado da zane-zane, zane-zane a kan baki.

Amfani

Shahararrun kiɗan zamani suna ƙarfafa yin amfani da tambourine. Sau da yawa ana iya jin shi a cikin ƙa'idodin dutsen "Deep Purple", "Baƙar Asabar". Sautin na'urar ba ya canzawa a cikin al'amuran jama'a da na ƙabilanci. Tambourine sau da yawa yana cika giɓi a cikin abubuwan ƙirƙira. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka fara amfani da wannan hanyar don yin ado da waƙoƙi shine Liam Gallagher, shugaban ƙungiyar Oasis. Tambourines da maracas sun shiga abubuwan ƙirƙira nasa a tsaka-tsaki inda ya daina waƙa, ya ƙirƙiri ainihin raye-raye.

Yana iya zama kamar ƙwanƙwaran ƙaya ce mai sauƙi wanda kowa zai iya ƙware. A gaskiya ma, don virtuoso yana wasa da tambourine, kuna buƙatar kunne mai kyau, jin dadi. Halin gaskiya na kunna membranophone yana shirya abubuwan nunin gaske daga wasan kwaikwayon, jefa shi sama, buga shi a sassa daban-daban na jiki, canza saurin girgiza. Ƙwararrun mawaƙa suna sa shi ya samar da ba kawai sautin murya mai ruɗi ko maras nauyi ba. Tambourin na iya yin kuka, “waƙa”, yin sihiri, ta tilasta muku sauraron kowane canji a cikin sautin na musamman.