Darussan Piano don Masu farawa (Darasi na 1)

Tara ƙarfin hali - lokaci ya yi da za ku fara koyo! Kafin ku zauna a gaban kayan aiki, bar duk rashin daidaituwa a wani wuri zuwa gefe kuma ku mai da hankali gwargwadon yiwuwar. Zai yi kama da cewa abubuwa masu sauƙi a kallon farko har yanzu suna da lokaci don gabatar muku da abubuwan ban mamaki da yawa, amma mafi mahimmanci, kada ku rasa zuciya idan wani abu bai yi muku aiki a karon farko ba. Nasiha mai mahimmanci na biyu shine kada ku yi gaggawa, ba a gina Moscow nan da nan ba. (Amma idan ba zato ba tsammani kun riga kun fara karatu a makarantar kiɗa kuma kun ƙare akan wannan shafin ba da gangan ba, tabbas zai zama da amfani a gare ku don karanta game da da'irar maɓalli na biyar - batun da yawanci ke da wahala ga ɗalibai su iya ƙwarewa a aikace) .

A ka'ida, ba shi da mahimmanci a irin nau'in kayan aikin maɓalli da za ku koya a kai, amma ina ba da shawarar ku sosai cewa har yanzu ku zaɓi piano: masu haɗawa, ko da yake sun fi dacewa, suna da babban koma baya - yawancin su sun rage nau'in. maɓallai , ba su da cikakken jiki kuma ba za ku ji "billa" ba kuma, a saman wannan, yawanci ana iyakance su zuwa octaves uku ko hudu.

Duk da haka, nan da nan na tsawata muku - a yanzu, iyakance kanka ga wannan darasi na Koyarwarmu, kar ku manta cewa wannan piano ne kawai don masu farawa. Kada ku yi ƙoƙari ku rungumi girman kai a cikin rana - wannan zai kawo illa kawai.

Zai fi kyau a gare ku ku maimaita na kwanaki da yawa kawai abubuwan da kuka koya daga nan. Kuma idan kun shirya, za ku ji da kanku. Sau da yawa mutanen da za su iya kunna synthesizer da sauri kuma da kyau suna samun matsala wasa sassa iri ɗaya akan piano. Amma a cikin kishiyar shugabanci, wannan doka za ta yi aiki daidai: ga waɗanda suka buga piano, mai haɗawa zai zama da sauƙi don yin.

Bayanan kula da maɓalli

Blitz: da sauri danna maɓallin tare da bayanin kula A!

Na ce ba ku samu ba. Ra'ayin cewa tun da an tsara maɓallan piano a cikin tsari Do Re Mi Fa Sol La Si, to bai cancanci matsala ba don fahimtar su babban ruɗi ne. Nayi shiru gaba daya game da bakaken makullin!

Yi la'akari da hankali kuma ku tuna - waɗannan su ne tushen abubuwan da za ku buƙaci sanin farko. Kunna bayanin kula, sanya su suna, a kan lokaci za ku iya tantance wurin da kowane rubutu yake, nan gaba, lokacin da kuka fara nazarin waƙoƙin, zaku gode mani fiye da sau ɗaya don mayar da hankalin ku akan irin wannan alamar haske.

Kada ku ji tsoro, Ban manta game da maɓallan baƙar fata ba, amma a nan za ku buƙaci ɗan haske a cikin ka'idar, amma kuna buƙatar fara wani wuri, daidai?

A wannan mataki, kuna buƙatar sanin manufar tazara. Tsakanin tazara shine bambanci tsakanin sautuna biyu na wani sauti na musamman.

bazata - canje-canje a cikin sauti

Semitone - mafi ƙarancin raka'a a cikin ma'aunin tazarar. A kan piano, waɗannan su ne, alal misali, maɓallan Do da Do Sharp, in babu maɓallan baƙar fata, sautin da ke kusa zai zama sautin sauti, kamar Mi da Fa, misali. Af, akan kayan kirtani, frets kusa da kirtani guda ɗaya za su zama semitones.

A'a, # ba gunkin bugun kiran sauti bane akan wayar. Sharp (#) da Flat (b) sune abubuwan da ake kira haɗari, suna nuna haɓakawa da faɗuwar wani takamaiman bayanin kula ta hanyar semitone. Don haka, flats da sharps ba za su kasance ba kawai bayanin kula akan maɓallan baƙi ba:

• Mi # = Fa
• Fa b = Mi
• Sa # = Do
• Ku b = Si

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, haɓakawa da faɗuwar manyan bayanan ana kiransa canji. Akwai alamun haɗari guda biyar: kaifi, mai kaifi biyu, lebur, ɗaki biyu da bekar. An rubuta su kamar haka:

Tasirin hatsarori akan filin rubutu kamar haka:

• Sharp - Yana ɗaga farar bayanin kula ta hanyar semitone.
• Flat - yana raguwa da adadin daidai
• Kaifi biyu - yana ɗaga da duka sautin
• Lebur sau biyu - yana raguwa da adadin guda
• Bekar - yana soke tasirin alamar da ta gabata akan mai mulki iri ɗaya. Bayanan kula ya bayyana.

Hatsari na iya zama nau'i daban-daban - "maɓalli" da "mai zuwa" ko "bazuwar". An sanya na farko nan da nan ta hanyar gabaɗayan ƙungiya kusa da maɓalli, zuwa damansa, kowane a kan mai mulkinsa. Koyaushe cikin wani tsari. An rubuta sharps a cikin maɓalli kamar haka:

An rubuta tsage-tsafe a cikin tsari mai zuwa:

key Alamun suna aiki akan duk bayanin kula a cikin layin su, wanda zai iya faruwa a duk lokacin aikin, har ma da la'akari da octave. Misali, maɓalli mai kaifi "fa" zai ɗaga duk bayanin kula na "fa" ba tare da togiya ba, a cikin kowane octaves kuma cikin tsayin yanki.

counter Alamun suna aiki ne kawai akan mai mulkinsu, kawai a cikin octave kuma kawai a lokacin JAHAR DAYA (kamar yadda alamun hanya ke aiki kawai har zuwa mahadar farko). Misali, mai zuwa mai zuwa zai iya soke tasirin ko da maɓalli mai mahimmanci, amma don ma'aunin yanzu kuma kawai akan wannan mai mulki. Ana sanya alamun ƙididdiga zuwa hagu na kan bayanin kula wanda ke buƙatar canzawa. Ana iya ganin wannan a cikin adadi mai zuwa.

Don haka, ina fata kuna da ra'ayin gaba ɗaya na alamun haɗari. Ya rage don ƙara wancan sautin shine mafi girman darajar gaba bayan semitone.  To, ina tsammanin kun riga kun yi hasashe game da shi. Sautin u2d XNUMX semitones Wato, bayanin kula sautin daya mafi girma daga Do zai zama Re, kuma bayanin kula sautin daya mafi girma daga Mi zai zama Fa #.

Ka tuna bayanin da aka ba a sama - ba shi da wahala sosai, amma za a buƙaci a ko'ina. Kuma za mu yi amfani da shi nan da nan! Zan yi ƙoƙarin bayyana komai a sarari yadda zai yiwu.

Ma'aunin Kiɗa: Wasa Babban Sikelin C da Sauransu

Harmony - mai daɗi ga daidaituwar ji na bayanin kula. key saitin takamaiman bayanin kula ne ƙarƙashin babban rubutu ɗaya.

Abu na farko da kuke buƙatar sani, bisa ilimin da aka samu, shine gina manyan ma'auni.

Sikeli bayanin kula ne da aka tsara cikin wani tsari. Bambanci tsakanin manya da ƙananan ana bayyana su sau da yawa ga yara a matsayin ma'auni "mai farin ciki" da "bakin ciki", amma wannan ba gaskiya ba ne - babu abin da ya hana yin waƙoƙin bakin ciki a cikin manyan kuma akasin haka. Ga manyan alamomin su:

• Ana gina ma'auni daga bayanin kula 8
• Na farko da na takwas, na ƙarshe, bayanin kula iri ɗaya ne a cikin suna, amma tsayi daban-daban ( tsantsar octave)
• Ana kunna bayanin kula cikin tsayayyen tsari, mafi ƙarancin tazara tsakanin su shine semitone, kuma matsakaicin nisa shine sautin.

Ka tuna a hankali, tare da wannan tsari mai sauƙi zaka iya wasa kowane manyan gamut:

Sautin - Sautin - Semitone - Sautin - Sautin - Sautin - Semitone

Don sauƙaƙawa:

2 Sautin - Semitone - Sautin 3 - Semitone

Babban sikelin C shine mafi sauƙi kuma mafi bayyane don wasa - akan duk fararen maɓallan a jere daga C zuwa C (e, akwai Cs da yawa a cikin wannan jumla, amma c'est la vie!).

A matakin farko, kuna buƙatar sanin ma'auni 3: manyan C, manyan G da manyan F.

Ana buga manyan ma'auni da yatsu masu zuwa: Babba (1) → Fihirisa (2) → Tsakiya (3) → ("tuck" babban yatsa) → Babba (1) → Fihirisa (2) → Tsakiya (3) → Zobe (4) → Karamin yatsa (5)

Sa'an nan kuma tabbatar da kunna wata hanyar ta hanyar juyawa: Yatsa karami (5) → Yatsar zobe (4) → Tsakiya (3) → Fihirisa (2) → Babba (1) → ("jifa" yatsa na tsakiya (3) zuwa matsayi a gaban babban yatsan hannu (1)) → Tsakiya (3) → Fihirisa (2) → Babba (1)

Muhimmanci! Yana da matukar sha'awar kunna ma'auni a cikin octaves 2, kuma zai yi kama da haka:

Don hannun dama (1) → (2) → (3) → (1) → (2) → (3) → (4) → (1) → (2) → (3) → (1) → (2) → (3) ) → (4) → (5) Sannan kuma, bi da bi, ta gabasance: (5) → (4) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (4) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (3) → (2) → (1)

Don hannun hagu (5) →(4) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (4) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (3) ) → (2) → (1) Akasin haka, kamar yadda nake fata, kun riga kun fahimta kuma kuka tuna, bisa ga ka'ida guda: (1) → (2) → (3) → (1) → (2) → (3) → (4) → (1) → (2) → (3) → (1) → (2) → (3) → (4) → (5)

Hankali: akwai keɓance ga duk ƙa'idodi!

A wannan yanayin, komai zai kasance haka, amma ƙari akan hakan daga baya. Za a buga babban sikelin F daban. Don kada ku ruɗe gaba ɗaya, kalli hotunan da ke ƙasa - bayan su babu shakka ba za ku sami sauran tambayoyi ba!

C manyan (C dur) – babu bazata

G manyan (G dur) - alamar bazata daya fa#

F babba (F duri) - alamar haɗari guda ɗaya -  Si b

Banda ka'ida kenan! Idan kun yi ƙoƙarin kunna wannan sikelin bisa ga makircin da aka ba ku, ku da kanku za ku fahimci yadda bai dace ba. Musamman a gare ta, lokacin wasa da hannun dama (kawai da dama, duk abin da aka buga da hagu kamar yadda aka saba !!!) Ana amfani da jerin yatsu daban-daban:

Ma da 'yancin makamai: 

(1) → (2) → (3) → (4) → (1) → (2) → (3) → (1) → (2) → (3) → (4) → (1) → (2) ) → (3) → (4)

Kuma a sa'an nan, bi da bi, a cikin m shugabanci:

(4) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (4) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (4) → (3) ) → (2) → (1)

Ma bar makamai: (5) →(4) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (4) → (3) → (2) → (1) → (3) ) → (2) → (1)

Akasin haka, kamar yadda nake fata, kun riga kun fahimta kuma kuka tuna, bisa ga ka'ida guda: (1) → (2) → (3) → (1) → (2) → (3) → (4) → ( 1) → ( 2) → (3) → (1) → (2) → (3) → (4) → (5)

Da farko, yi hoda da haddace da kyau yadda ake buga waɗannan ma'auni - darasi na gaba za a ƙaddamar da shi ne ga tushen abin kida.

Kammalawa

Kada ku yi ƙoƙarin kunna ma'auni da sauri nan da nan - yana da kyau a yi shi da rhythmically, saboda kwakwalwa yana tunawa da bayanai mafi kyau idan kun koyi yin wani abu da sauri. Daga baya, gudun zai bayyana da kanta, amma da farko yana da mahimmanci don kawo komai zuwa atomatik.

Yin wasa da ma'auni, za ku iya jagorantar yatsunku kamar yadda ya dace, ba tare da jinkiri ba, za ku iya ingantawa tare da sauran mawaƙa ko tsara waƙoƙin ku.

Sa'a tare da wannan mawuyacin mataki na farko na koyan kunna piano don masu farawa!