Mattia Battistini (Mattia Battistini) |

Mattia Battitini

Mawaki kuma mai sukar waka S.Yu. Levik ya sami sa'a don gani da jin mawaƙin Italiyanci:

"Battistini ya fi kowa arziki a cikin sauti, wanda ya ci gaba da yin sauti da yawa bayan ya daina waƙa. Kun ga mawakin ya rufe bakinsa, har yanzu wasu sauti sun sa ku cikin ikonsa. Wannan sautin mai ban sha'awa da ba a saba gani ba, mai ban sha'awa yana shafa mai sauraren, kamar yana lulluɓe shi da ɗumi.

Muryar Battistini daya ce iri-iri, wacce ta bambanta a cikin baritones. Yana da duk abin da ke nuna alamar sauti mai ban sha'awa: cikakke biyu, tare da kyakkyawan ajiyar octaves na ko da, daidai da sauti mai laushi a ko'ina cikin kewayo, sassauƙa, wayar hannu, cike da ƙarfi mai daraja da dumin ciki. Idan kuna tunanin cewa malaminsa na ƙarshe Cotogni ya yi kuskure ta hanyar "yin" Battistini a baritone kuma ba tenor ba, to wannan kuskuren ya kasance mai farin ciki. Baritone, yayin da suke wasa a lokacin, ya zama "ɗari bisa ɗari da ƙari." Saint-Saëns ya taɓa faɗi cewa kiɗa ya kamata ya kasance da fara'a a cikin kanta. Muryar Battistini ta ɗauke a cikin kanta wani rami mai fara'a: kida ce a cikin kanta.

An haifi Mattia Battistini a Roma a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 1856. Ɗan iyaye masu daraja, Battistini ya sami ilimi mai kyau. Da farko, ya bi sawun mahaifinsa kuma ya sauke karatu daga sashin kula da lafiya na Jami'ar Rome. Duk da haka, yana zuwa a cikin bazara daga Roma zuwa Rieti, Mattia bai damu da litattafai akan fikihu ba, amma ya tsunduma cikin rera waƙa.

"Ba da daɗewa ba, duk da rashin amincewar iyayensa," in ji Francesco Palmeggiani, "ya bar karatunsa gaba ɗaya a jami'a kuma ya ba da kansa ga fasaha. Maestro Veneslao Persichini da Eugenio Terziani, ƙwararrun malamai kuma masu ƙwazo, sun yaba da ƙwazo na Battistini, sun ƙaunace shi kuma sun yi ƙoƙarin yin duk abin da zai yiwu domin ya cim ma burinsa da wuri-wuri. Persichini ne ya ba shi murya a cikin rajistar baritone. Kafin wannan, Battistini ya rera waƙa a tenor.

Kuma haka ya faru da cewa Battistini, da farko ya zama memba na Roman Royal Academic Philharmonic, a 1877 yana daga cikin manyan mawakan da suka yi Mendelssohn's oratorio "Paul" karkashin jagorancin Ettore Pinelli, kuma daga baya da oratorio "The Four Seasons" - daya daga cikin manyan ayyukan Haydn.

A cikin watan Agustan 1878, Battistini a ƙarshe ya sami farin ciki mai girma: ya yi wasan farko a matsayin mai soloist a cikin babban coci a lokacin babban bikin addini don girmama Madonna del Assunta, wanda aka yi bikin a Rieti tun a tarihi.

Battistini ya rera waka da yawa cikin sha'awa. Daya daga cikinsu, ta mawaki Stame, wanda ake kira "Ya Salutaris Ostia!" Battistini ya kamu da sonta har daga baya ya rera ta har ma a kasar waje, a lokacin da yake yin nasara.

Ranar 11 ga Disamba, 1878, matashin mawaki ya yi baftisma a kan mataki na wasan kwaikwayo. Kuma kalmar Palmejani:

Wasan opera na Donizetti An yi wasan Favorite a Teatro Argentina a Rome. Wani Boccacci, mai yin takalma na zamani a baya, wanda ya yanke shawarar canza sana'arsa don mafi kyawun sana'a na wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo, shi ne ke kula da komai. Kusan ko da yaushe ya yi kyau, domin yana da isasshen kunne don yin zabi mai kyau a tsakanin shahararrun mawaƙa da masu gudanarwa.

Wannan lokaci, duk da haka, duk da sa hannu na sanannen soprano Isabella Galletti, daya daga cikin mafi kyaun wasan kwaikwayo na Leonora a cikin Favorite, da kuma m tenor Rosseti, kakar ya fara unfavorably. Kuma kawai saboda jama'a sun riga sun ƙi amincewa da baritone biyu.

Boccacci ya saba da Battistini - ya taɓa gabatar da kansa gare shi - sannan kuma mai haske kuma, mafi mahimmanci, ra'ayi mai ƙarfi ya faru gare shi. Tuni aka sanar da wasan maraice lokacin da ya ba da umarnin a sanar da jama'a cewa bariton da ta yi a ranar da ta gabata ta yi shiru ba ta da lafiya. Shi da kansa ya kawo matashin Battistini zuwa madugu Maestro Luigi Mancinelli.

Maestro ya saurari Battistini a piano, yana nuna cewa ya rera aria daga Dokar III "A tanto amor", kuma ya yi mamaki sosai. Amma kafin ƙarshe ya yarda da irin wannan maye gurbin, ya yanke shawarar, kawai idan, don tuntuɓar Galletti - bayan haka, za su raira waƙa tare. A gaban shahararren mawakin, Battistini ya yi asara gaba daya kuma bai kuskura ya rera waka ba. Amma Maestro Mancinelli ya lallashe shi ta yadda a karshe ya kuskura ya bude baki ya yi kokarin yin wasan kwaikwayo da Galletti.

Bayan sandunan farko, Galletti ta buɗe idanunta a lumshe ta kalli Maestro Mancinelli cikin mamaki. Battistini, wanda ke kallonta daga gefen ido, ya yi farin ciki, ya ɓoye duk wani tsoro, da amincewa ya kawo karshen duet.

"Na ji kamar ina da fuka-fuki masu girma!" - daga baya ya fada, yana kwatanta wannan lamari mai ban sha'awa. Galletti ya saurare shi tare da mafi girman sha'awa da kulawa, yana lura da duk cikakkun bayanai, kuma a ƙarshe ba zai iya taimakawa ba sai dai ya rungume Battistini. Ta ce: “Na yi tunanin cewa a gabana wani ɗan wasa ne mai kunya, kuma ba zato ba tsammani sai na ga wani mai fasaha da ya san aikinsa sosai!”

Lokacin da taron ya ƙare, Galletti ya shelanta wa Battistini da ƙwazo: “Zan rera waƙa tare da ku da farin ciki mafi girma!”

Don haka Battistini ya fara halarta a matsayin Sarki Alfonso XI na Castile. Bayan wasan kwaikwayon, Mattia ya yi mamakin nasarar da ba zato ba tsammani. Galletti ya ture shi daga bayan labulen ya yi ihu a bayansa: “Fito! Tashi kan mataki! Suna yaba maka!” Matashin mawaƙin ya yi farin ciki sosai kuma ya rikice cewa, yana so ya gode wa masu sauraro masu ban mamaki, kamar yadda Fracassini ya tuna, ya cire rigar sarauta da hannayensa biyu!

Tare da irin wannan murya da irin wannan fasaha kamar Battistini ya mallaka, ba zai iya zama na dogon lokaci a Italiya ba, kuma mawaƙin ya bar ƙasarsa ba da daɗewa ba bayan fara aikinsa. Battistini ya rera waka a kasar Rasha tsawon yanayi ashirin da shida a jere, daga 1888 zuwa 1914. Ya kuma zagaya Spain, Austria, Jamus, Scandinavia, Ingila, Belgium, Holland. Kuma a ko’ina ya kasance yana tare da yabo da yabo daga fitattun masu sukar Turawa, waxanda suka ba shi lada mai kyau, kamar: “Maestro of all the maestros of Italian bel canto”, “Rayuwa kamala”, “Vocal Mu’ujiza”, “Sarkin Baritones”. ” da sauran manyan laƙabi masu yawa!

Da zarar Battistini ma ya ziyarci Amurka ta Kudu. A cikin Yuli-Agusta 1889, ya yi dogon rangadi a Argentina, Brazil da Uruguay. Daga baya, singer ya ki zuwa Amurka: tafiya a fadin teku ya kawo shi da yawa matsala. Bugu da ƙari, ya yi rashin lafiya mai tsanani a Kudancin Amirka tare da zazzaɓin rawaya. Battistini ya ce: “Zan iya hawan dutse mafi tsayi, zan iya gangarawa cikin cikin duniya, amma ba zan sake yin doguwar tafiya ta teku ba!”

Rasha ta kasance daya daga cikin kasashen da Battitini ya fi so. Ya gamu da shi a wurin da ya fi kowa hazaka, cikin zumudi, mai iya cewa liyafar bacin rai. Har ma mawaƙin ya kan faɗi cikin raha cewa "Rasha ba ta taɓa zama ƙasa mai sanyi a gare shi ba." Kusan abokin aikin Battistini a Rasha shine Sigrid Arnoldson, wanda ake kira "Swedish nightingale." Shekaru da yawa ya kuma rera waka tare da shahararrun Adelina Patti, Isabella Galletti, Marcella Sembrich, Olimpia Boronat, Luisa Tetrazzini, Giannina Russ, Juanita Capella, Gemma Bellinchoni da Lina Cavalieri. Daga cikin mawaƙa, abokinsa na kusa Antonio Cotogni, da Francesco Marconi, Giuliano Gaillard, Francesco Tamagno, Angelo Masini, Roberto Stagno, Enrico Caruso sau da yawa ya yi tare da shi.

Fiye da sau ɗaya mawaƙin Poland J. Wajda-Korolevich ya rera waƙa tare da Battistini; Ga abin da ta tuna:

“Ya kasance babban mawaki. Ban taba jin taushin murya irin wannan a rayuwata ba. Ya rera waƙa da sauƙi mai ban mamaki, yana adana duk abubuwan sihiri na katako na katako, koyaushe yana raira waƙa daidai da ko da yaushe - ba zai iya yin mugun abu ba. Dole ne a haife ku tare da irin wannan fitowar sauti, irin wannan canza launin murya da madaidaicin sautin dukan kewayon ba za a iya cimma ta kowane horo ba!

Kamar yadda Figaro a cikin Barber na Seville, ya kasance mara misaltuwa. Aria ta farko, mai tsananin wuya ta fuskar surutu da saurin furtawa, ya yi cikin murmushi da walwala har ya zama kamar yana waka cikin raha. Ya san duk sassan opera, kuma idan wani daga cikin masu fasaha ya makara da karatun, ya yi masa waka. Ya bauta wa wanzami da ban dariya - da alama yana jin daɗin kansa kuma don jin daɗin kansa yana yin waɗannan sautunan ban mamaki dubu.

Ya kasance kyakkyawa sosai - tsayi, an gina shi da ban mamaki, tare da murmushi mai ban sha'awa da manyan baƙar idanu na ɗan kudu. Wannan, ba shakka, ya taimaka wajen samun nasararsa.

Ya kuma yi fice a Don Giovanni (Na rera Zerlina tare da shi). Battistini ya kasance koyaushe cikin yanayi mai kyau, dariya da barkwanci. Yana son yin waƙa tare da ni, yana sha'awar muryata. Har yanzu ina ajiye hotonsa da rubutu: “Alia piu bella voce sul mondo”.

A lokacin daya daga cikin nasara yanayi a Moscow, a watan Agusta 1912, a wasan kwaikwayo na opera "Rigoletto", da yawa masu sauraro sun kasance da wutar lantarki, da fushi da kuma kira ga encore, cewa Battistini ya maimaita - kuma wannan ba ƙari ba ne. – duk opera daga farko zuwa karshe. Wasan da aka fara da karfe takwas na yamma, sai karfe uku na safe!

Nasara ya kasance al'ada ga Battistini. Gino Monaldi, sanannen masanin tarihi na fasaha ya ce: “Na rattaba hannu da Battistini game da wani gagarumin shiri na wasan opera na Verdi Simon Boccanegra a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Costanzi da ke Roma. Tsofaffin masu kallon wasan kwaikwayo suna tunawa da ita sosai. Abubuwa ba su yi mini kyau sosai ba, kuma da safe na wasan kwaikwayo ban sami adadin da ake buƙata don biyan mawaƙa da Battistini kansa don maraice ba. Na zo wurin mawakin a cikin mugun rudani na fara ba da hakuri kan gazawar da na yi. Amma sai Battistini ya zo wurina ya ce: “Idan wannan ne kawai abu, to ina fatan nan da nan zan sake tabbatar muku. Nawa kuke bukata?" “Dole ne in biya kungiyar makada, kuma ina bin ku bashin lire dari goma sha biyar. Lira dubu biyar da ɗari biyar kawai.” “To,” in ji shi, yana girgiza hannuna, “ga lire dubu huɗu na ƙungiyar makaɗa. Amma kudina, za ku mayar da su lokacin da za ku iya. Haka Battitini ya kasance!

Har zuwa 1925, Battistini ya rera waƙa a kan matakan manyan gidajen opera a duniya. Tun shekara ta 1926, wato sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara saba’in, ya fara rera waƙa a shagali. Har yanzu yana da sabon sautin murya iri ɗaya, kwarin gwiwa iri ɗaya, tausasawa da ruhi mai karimci, gami da raye-raye da sauƙi. Masu sauraro a Vienna, Berlin, Munich, Stockholm, London, Bucharest, Paris da Prague na iya gamsuwa da wannan.

A cikin tsakiyar 20s, mawaƙin yana da alamun farko na bayyanar cututtuka na rashin lafiya, amma Battistini, da ƙarfin hali, ya amsa da bushewa ga likitocin da suka shawarce su da su soke wasan: "Ya shugabanni, ina da zaɓi biyu kawai - don raira waƙa. ko mutu! Ina so in yi waƙa!"

Kuma ya ci gaba da rera ban mamaki, kuma soprano Arnoldson da likita suna zaune a cikin kujeru ta mataki, shirye nan da nan, idan ya cancanta, don ba da allurar morphine.

Ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 1927, Battitini ya ba da kide-kide na karshe a Graz. Ludwig Prien, darektan gidan wasan opera a Graz, ya tuna: “Komawa ta baya, sai ya yi tagumi, da kyar ya iya tsayawa da kafafunsa. Amma da zaure ya kira shi, ya sake fita don amsa gaisuwa, ya mik’e, ya tattara duk karfinsa ya sake fita.

Kasa da shekara guda bayan haka, ranar 7 ga Nuwamba, 1928, Battistini ya mutu.