Marguerite Dogon (Marguerite Dogon) |

Marguerite Long

A ranar 19 ga Afrilu, 1955, wakilan jama'ar kade-kade na babban birninmu sun taru a Moscow Conservatory don gaishe da fitaccen masanin al'adun Faransa - Marguerite Long. Rector na Conservatory AV Sveshnikov ya gabatar da ita da difloma na farfesa na girmamawa - amincewa da ayyukanta na musamman a cikin ci gaba da inganta kiɗa.

Wannan taron ya riga ya kasance da maraice wanda aka buga a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar masu son kiɗa na dogon lokaci: M. Long ya buga a cikin Babban Hall na Conservatory na Moscow tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa. A. Goldenweiser ya rubuta cewa: "Yin wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki, bikin fasaha ne da gaske. Tare da cikar fasaha mai ban mamaki, tare da ƙarami, Marguerite Long ta yi wasan kwaikwayo na Ravel's Concerto, wanda shahararren mawakin Faransa ya sadaukar da ita. Jama'a da yawa da suka cika zauren sun gai da gwanin gwanin ban sha'awa, wanda ya maimaita wasan karshe na Concerto kuma ya buga Fauré's Ballad na piano da kade-kade bayan shirin.

• Kiɗa na Piano a cikin shagon kan layi na Ozon →

Yana da wuya a yarda cewa wannan mace mai kuzari, mai ƙarfi ta riga ta wuce shekaru 80 - wasanta ya kasance cikakke kuma sabo. A halin yanzu, Marguerite Long ya sami jin daɗin masu sauraro a farkon karni na mu. Ta yi karatun piano tare da 'yar uwarsa, Claire Long, sannan a Conservatory na Paris tare da A. Marmontel.

Kyawawan fasaha na pianism sun ba ta damar yin saurin ƙwararrun wakoki, waɗanda suka haɗa da ayyukan gargajiya da na soyayya - daga Couperin da Mozart zuwa Beethoven da Chopin. Amma ba da daɗewa ba an ƙaddara babban jagorancin aikinsa - haɓaka aikin mawallafin Faransanci na zamani. Abota na kud da kud yana haɗa ta tare da fitattun abubuwan kida - Debussy da Ravel. Ita ce ta zama ta farko da ta fara wasan piano da yawa daga waɗannan mawaƙa, waɗanda suka sadaukar da shafuna masu kyau na kiɗa a gare ta. Dogon gabatar da masu sauraro ga ayyukan Roger-Ducas, Fauré, Florent Schmitt, Louis Vierne, Georges Migot, mawaƙa na shahararrun "Shida", da kuma Bohuslav Martin. Ga waɗannan da sauran mawaƙa da yawa, Marguerite Long aboki ne mai sadaukarwa, gidan kayan gargajiya wanda ya ƙarfafa su don ƙirƙirar abubuwan ban mamaki, wanda ita ce ta farko da ta ba da rai a kan mataki. Don haka abin ya ci gaba shekaru da yawa. A matsayin alamar godiya ga mai zane, fitattun mawakan Faransa guda takwas, da suka hada da D. Milhaud, J. Auric da F. Poulenc, sun ba ta lambar yabo ta musamman da aka rubuta a matsayin kyauta don bikin cikarta shekaru 80 da haihuwa.

Ayyukan kide-kide na M. Long ya kasance mai tsanani musamman kafin yakin duniya na farko. Daga baya, ta ɗan rage adadin jawabanta, tana ƙara ba da kuzari ga koyarwa. Tun 1906, ta koyar da wani aji a Paris Conservatory, tun 1920 ta zama farfesa na babban ilimi. A nan, a karkashin jagorancinta, dukan galaxy na pianists sun shiga makaranta mai kyau, wanda ya fi dacewa ya sami shahara; daga cikinsu J. Fevrier, J. Doyen, S. Francois, J.-M. Dare. Duk wannan bai hana ta yawon bude ido daga lokaci zuwa lokaci a kasashen Turai da kasashen ketare ba; don haka, a cikin 1932, ta yi tafiye-tafiye da yawa tare da M. Ravel, tana gabatar da masu saurare zuwa ga Concerto na Piano a G major.

A cikin 1940, lokacin da Nazis suka shiga Paris, Long, ba ya so ya ba da hadin kai tare da maharan, ya bar malaman Conservatory. Daga baya, ta ƙirƙiri nata makaranta, inda ta ci gaba da horar da pianists zuwa Faransa. A cikin shekarun nan, fitaccen ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ya zama mai ƙaddamar da wani shiri wanda ya haifar da sunanta: tare da J. Thibault, ta kafa a cikin 1943 gasa ga masu pianists da violinists, wanda aka yi niyya don nuna alamar inviolability na al'adun Faransanci. Bayan yakin, wannan gasa ta zama kasa da kasa kuma ana gudanar da ita akai-akai, tana ci gaba da yin hidimar yada fasaha da fahimtar juna. Yawancin masu fasaha na Soviet sun zama masu nasara.

A cikin shekarun baya-bayan nan, ɗalibai da yawa na Long sun mamaye wurin da ya dace a matakin wasan kwaikwayo - Yu. Bukov, F. Antremont, B. Ringeissen, A. Ciccolini, P. Frankl da sauransu da yawa suna bin ta bashin nasarar da suka samu. Amma mai zane kanta ba ta daina ba a ƙarƙashin matsin matasa. Wasan da ta yi ya ci gaba da kasancewa na mata, alherin Faransa zalla, amma bai rasa tsanani da ƙarfin namiji ba, kuma hakan ya ba ta sha'awa ta musamman ga wasan kwaikwayo. Mai zane ya zagaya sosai, ya yi rikodi da dama, gami da ba kawai kide-kide da wake-wake na solo ba, har ma da gungun jama'a - Sonatas na Mozart tare da J. Thibaut, 'yan quartets na Faure. A karshe lokacin da ta yi a bainar jama'a a shekarar 1959, amma ko da bayan haka ta ci gaba da daukar wani m bangare a cikin music rayuwa, ya kasance memba na juri na gasar da ta dauki sunanta. Dogon ta taƙaita aikin koyarwarta a cikin aikin dabara "Le piano de Margerite Long" ("The Piano Marguerite Long", 1958), a cikin abubuwan tunawa da C. Debussy, G. Foret da M. Ravel (ƙarshen ya fito bayan ta. mutu a 1971).

Wani wuri na musamman, mai daraja na M. Long a cikin tarihin dangantakar al'adun Franco-Soviet. Kuma kafin ta isa babban birninmu, ta karbi bakuncin abokan aikinta - 'yan wasan pian na Soviet, masu halartar gasar da aka sanya mata suna. Daga baya, waɗannan lambobin sadarwa sun zama ma kusa. Ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun ɗaliban Long F. Antremont ya tuna: “Ta yi abota ta kud da kud da E. Gilels da S. Richter, waɗanda nan da nan ta yaba da basirarsu.” Masu zane-zane na kusa suna tunawa da yadda ta sadu da wakilan ƙasarmu cikin ƙwazo, yadda ta yi farin ciki da kowane nasarar da suka samu a gasar da ta kira sunanta, ta kira su "ƙananan Rashawa." Ba da daɗewa ba kafin mutuwarta, Long ya sami gayyatar zama baƙon girmamawa a gasar Tchaikovsky kuma ya yi mafarkin tafiya mai zuwa. “Za su aiko mini da jirgi na musamman. Dole ne in rayu in ga wannan rana, "in ji ta… Ta rasa 'yan watanni. Bayan mutuwarta, jaridun Faransa sun buga kalaman Svyatoslav Richter: “Marguerite Long ya tafi. Sarkar zinare da ta haɗa mu da Debussy da Ravel ta karye. ”…

Cit.: Khentova S. "Margarita Long". M., 1961.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.