Johann Kuhnau |

Johann Kuhnau

Mawaƙin Jamusanci, organist da marubucin kiɗa. Ya yi karatu a Kreuzschule a Dresden. A shekara ta 1680, ya zama kantori a Zittau, inda ya yi karatun organ tare da K. Weise. Daga 1682 ya karanta falsafa da fikihu a Leipzig. Daga 1684 ya kasance organist, daga 1701 ya kasance cantor na Thomaskirche (magabacin JS Bach a wannan matsayi) kuma shugaban nazarin kiɗa (darektan kiɗa) a Jami'ar Leipzig.

Babban mawaki, Kunau ya kasance mai ilimi da ci gaba a zamaninsa. Ayyukan tsara Kunau sun haɗa da nau'ikan coci da yawa. Ƙwayoyinsa na clavier sun mamaye wani muhimmin wuri a cikin haɓaka adabin piano. Kunau ya canza tsarin cyclical na sonata na Italiyanci zuwa kiɗan clavier, ya ƙirƙira ayyuka don clavier waɗanda ba su dogara da hotunan rawa na gargajiya ba. Game da wannan, tarinsa yana da mahimmanci: "Fresh clavier 'ya'yan itatuwa ko sonatas bakwai na kirkire-kirkire da tsari" (1696) kuma musamman " Gabatarwar kiɗa na wasu labarun Littafi Mai Tsarki a cikin 6 sonatas da aka yi a kan clavier" (1700, incl. "David and Goliath"). Na karshen, tare da violin sonatas "A cikin Yabon asirai 15 daga Rayuwar Maryamu" na GJF Bieber, suna daga cikin kayan aikin software na farko na nau'in cyclic.

A cikin tarin Kunau na farko - "Clavier Exercises" (1689, 1692), wanda aka rubuta a cikin nau'i na tsohuwar raye-rayen raye-raye da kama da salon ayyukan clavier na I. Pachelbel, ana nuna sha'awa ga kafa salon mawaƙa-mai jituwa.

Daga cikin ayyukan adabin Kunau, littafin nan The Musical Charlatan (Der musikalische Quacksalber) wani kaifi ne mai kaifi akan Italomania na ƴan ƙasa.

IM Yampolsky