Francesco Cilea |

Francesco Cilea

Cilea ya shiga tarihin kiɗa a matsayin marubucin opera ɗaya - "Adriana Lecouvreur". Kwarewar wannan mawaki, da kuma yawancin mawakansa na zamani, sun mamaye nasarorin Puccini. Af, mafi kyawun wasan opera na Cilea ana kwatanta shi da Tosca. Waƙarsa tana da taushin hali, waƙa, jin daɗi.

An haifi Francesco Cilea a ranar 23 ga Yuli (a wasu kafofin - 26) Yuli 1866 a Palmi, wani gari a lardin Calabria, a cikin dangin lauya. Iyayensa ne suka kaddara ya ci gaba da sana’ar mahaifinsa, sai aka tura shi karatu a Naples. Amma ganawa da ɗan ƙasar Faransa Francesco Florimo, abokin Bellini, mai kula da ɗakin karatu na Kwalejin kiɗa da tarihin kiɗa, ya canza yanayin yaron sosai. Lokacin da yake da shekaru goma sha biyu, Cilea ya zama dalibi na Naples Conservatory na San Pietro Maiella, wanda yawancin rayuwarsa ya kasance tare da shi. Tsawon shekaru goma ya yi karatun piano tare da Beniamino Cesi, jituwa da daidaitawa tare da Paolo Serrao, mawaƙi kuma ɗan wasan pian wanda aka ɗauke shi mafi kyawun malami a Naples. Abokan karatun Cilea sune Leoncavallo da Giordano, waɗanda suka taimaka masa ya fara wasan opera na farko a Maly Theater of the Conservatory (Fabrairu 1889). Ayyukan da aka yi sun ja hankalin shahararren mawallafin Edoardo Sonzogno, wanda ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da mawaki, wanda ya kammala karatunsa daga ɗakin karatu, don wasan opera na biyu. Ta ga haske a Florence bayan shekaru uku. Duk da haka, rayuwar gidan wasan kwaikwayon da ke cike da farin ciki ya kasance baƙo ga halin Cilea, wanda ya hana shi yin aiki a matsayin mawaki na opera. Nan da nan bayan kammala karatunsa daga makarantar Conservatory, Cilea ya sadaukar da kansa ga koyarwa, wanda ya sadaukar da shekaru masu yawa. Ya koyar da piano a Conservatory na Naples (1890-1892), ka'idar - a cikin Florence (1896-1904), shi ne darektan masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a Palermo (1913-1916) da Naples (1916-1935). Shekaru 1928 na jagoranci na Conservatory, inda ya yi karatu, ya yi canje-canje a cikin horar da dalibai, kuma a cikin XNUMX Cilea ya haɗa da Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi, wanda ya cika tsohon mafarki na Florimo, wanda ya taɓa ƙayyade makomarsa a matsayin mawaƙa.

Ayyukan operatic Cilea ya kasance har zuwa 1907. Kuma ko da yake a cikin shekaru goma ya ƙirƙira ayyuka uku, ciki har da nasarar da aka yi a Milan "Arlesian" (1897) da "Adriana Lecouvreur" (1902), mawaki bai taɓa barin ilimin koyarwa ba kuma ya ƙi amincewa da gayyata na girmamawa. na cibiyoyin kade-kade da yawa a Turai da Amurka, inda wadannan operas din suke. Na ƙarshe shine Gloria, wanda aka shirya a La Scala (1907). Wannan ya biyo bayan sabbin bugu na Arlesian ( gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Neapolitan na San Carlo, Maris 1912) kuma bayan shekaru ashirin kawai - Gloria. Baya ga wasan operas, Cilea ta rubuta adadin kade-kade da kade-kade masu yawa. Na ƙarshe, a cikin 1948-1949, an rubuta guda don cello da piano. Ya bar Naples Conservatory a 1935, Cilea ya yi ritaya zuwa Villa Villa Varadza a bakin tekun Ligurian Sea. A cikin wasiyyarsa, ya ba da dukkan haƙƙoƙin operas ga Gidan Tsohon Sojoji na Verdi a Milan, “a matsayin sadaukarwa ga Babban, wanda ya ƙirƙira wata cibiyar sadaka ga mawaƙa matalauta, da kuma tunawa da birnin, wanda ya fara ɗaukar kansa. nauyin christening na operas na."

Chilea ta mutu a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 1950 a Villa Varadza.

A. Koenigsberg