Flugelhorn: menene, kewayon sauti, bambanci daga bututu

Lokacin da aikin kayan aiki na tagulla ko jazz band yana buƙatar jaddada wani yanki, yanayin iska ya shigo cikin wasa. Yana da babban sauti, sauti mai laushi, na halitta, ba mai ƙarfi ba. Don wannan fasalin, mawaƙa waɗanda suka rubuta kiɗa don iska, wasan kwaikwayo ko jazz ya ƙaunace shi.

Menene flugelhorn

Kayan aiki wani bangare ne na rukunin iska-tagulla. Haihuwar sauti yana faruwa ta hanyar hura iska ta cikin bakin baki da wuce ta cikin kwandon kwandon ganga. Masu ƙaho suna wasa da yanayin iska. Kwatankwacin waje yana ba ka damar kwatanta shi tare da kayan aikin iyali mafi kusa - ƙaho da cornet. Siffa ta musamman ita ce ma'auni mai faɗi. Kayan kida na iska yana sanye da bawuloli 3 ko 4. Asalin sunan ya fito ne daga kalmomin Jamus don "reshe" da "ƙaho".

Bambanci daga bututu

Bambanci tsakanin kayan aikin ba wai kawai a cikin mafi girman sashin tashar tashar conical na flugelhorn da kararrawa mai fadi ba. Hakanan ba shi da madaidaicin gwiwar hannu akan babban bututun tashar. Ana yin gyare-gyare ta hanyar canza matsayi na bakin magana. An ɗan tura shi cikin ko, akasin haka, an sa gaba. Kuna iya daidaita flugelhorn daidai yayin Play ta amfani da fararwa ta musamman a gefen reshen bawul na uku. Ana sake gina ƙaho cikin sauƙi lokacin canza kayan aiki.

sauti

Kamar yawancin saxhorns, flugelhorn ya fito ne daga Austriya. An yi amfani da shi a cikin sojojin don yin sigina, galibi ana amfani da shi a cikin sojojin ƙasa. Kayan aikin bai dace da wasa a cikin band ɗin tagulla ba. Amma a cikin karni na XNUMX, a yayin haɓakawa, ya zama mafi dacewa don rakiyar ƙarin sassa a cikin sautin makaɗa.

Mafi sau da yawa, flugelhorns ana amfani da su a cikin B-lebur tuning tare da kewayon sauti daga "E" na wani karamin octave zuwa "B-flat" na biyu. Saboda ƙayyadaddun sautin sauti, ba sau da yawa ana amfani da su, musamman don haɓakawa da sanya lafazin a cikin kiɗan orchestral.

Tarihi

Fitowar kayan aikin yana zurfafa cikin ƙarni da suka gabata. Wasu sun gaskata cewa sautin saxhorn yana dogara ne akan ƙahonin gidan waya, wasu suna samun alaƙa da ƙahonin farauta. An yi amfani da ƙaho na flugelhorn sosai a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru Bakwai. Tare da taimakon sigina waɗanda ke hura iska ta cikin kararrawa, an sarrafa gefen ƙafar ƙafa. An fassara daga Jamusanci, sunan yana nufin “bututun da ke watsa sauti ta iska.” Shahararrun mawaƙa na duniya sun rubuta sassan kayan aikin, ciki har da Rossini, Wagner, Berlioz, Tchaikovsky. Yana da takamaiman ƙaho na Faransanci, wanda masu wasan jazz suka yi amfani da shi sosai a farkon ƙarni na XNUMX.

Duk da ƙayyadaddun kewayon sauti a cikin octaves uku kawai da sautin shiru, ba za a iya raina fa'idar flugelhorn a cikin kiɗa ba. Tare da taimakonsa, Tchaikovsky ya haifar da mafi ban sha'awa a cikin "Waƙar Neapolitan", kuma mawaƙan kade-kade na Italiya suna da ko da yaushe daga masu wasan kwaikwayo biyu zuwa hudu - ainihin virtuosos na Play.