Sousaphone: bayanin kayan aiki, ƙira, tarihi, sauti, amfani

Sousaphone sanannen kayan aikin iska ne da aka ƙirƙira a Amurka.

Menene sousaphone

Class - kayan kida na iska na tagulla, wayar iska. Nasa ne na dangin helikon. Kayan aikin iska mai ƙaramin sauti ana kiransa helikon.

Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin makada na tagulla na Amurka na zamani. Misalai: "Dirty Dozen Brass Band", "Soul Rebels Brass Band".

A cikin jihar Sinaloa na Mexico, akwai nau'in kiɗan kida na ƙasa "Banda Sinaloense". Siffar siffa ta nau'in ita ce amfani da sousaphone azaman tuba.

Tsarin kayan aiki

A waje, wayar sousaphone tana kama da helikon kakanta. Siffar ƙirar ita ce girman da matsayi na kararrawa. Yana saman kan mai kunnawa. Don haka, ana karkatar da igiyar sauti zuwa sama kuma tana rufe babban yanki a kusa. Wannan ya bambanta na'urar daga helikon, wanda ke samar da sautin da aka tsara a wata hanya kuma yana da ƙarancin ƙarfi a ɗayan. Saboda girman girman kararrawa, wayar aerophone tana yin ƙara, zurfi kuma tare da kewayo mai faɗi.

Duk da bambance-bambance a cikin bayyanar, zane na shari'ar yayi kama da tubalin gargajiya. Abubuwan da aka kera shine jan karfe, tagulla, wani lokacin tare da azurfa da abubuwan gilded. Nauyin kayan aiki - 8-23 kg. Ana yin samfura masu nauyi da fiberglass.

Mawaƙa suna kunna wayar sousa a tsaye ko a zaune, suna rataye kayan aiki akan bel akan kafaɗunsu. Ana samar da sauti ta hanyar hura iska cikin buɗa baki. Gudun iskar da ke wucewa ta cikin na'urar wayar ta lalace, tana ba da sautin siffa a wurin fitarwa.

Tarihi

Wayar sousa ta farko James Pepper ce ta tsara ta al'ada a cikin 1893. Abokin ciniki shine John Philip Sousa, mawaƙin Ba'amurke wanda ya shahara da "Sarkin Maris". Sousa ya ji takaicin ƙarancin sautin helikon da aka yi amfani da shi a ƙungiyar sojojin Amurka. Daga cikin gazawar, mawallafin ya lura da ƙarar ƙaranci da sautin da ke zuwa hagu. John Sousa ya so aerophone mai kama da tuba wanda zai tashi kamar tubab wasan kide kide.

Bayan barin ƙungiyar soja, Suza ta kafa ƙungiyar kiɗan solo. Charles Conn, a kan odarsa, ya yi ingantaccen sousaphone wanda ya dace da cikakken kide-kide. Canje-canje a cikin zane ya shafi diamita na babban bututu. Diamita ya karu daga 55,8 cm zuwa 66 cm.

Ingantacciyar sigar ta tabbatar da dacewa da kiɗan maƙiya, kuma daga 1908 ƙungiyar Marine Marine ta Amurka ta yi amfani da ita akan cikakken lokaci. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ƙirar kanta ba ta canza ba, kawai kayan aikin masana'anta sun canza.