Waƙa mara iyaka |

nope "Infinite Melody"

Kalmar da R. Wagner ya gabatar a cikin amfani da shi kuma yana da alaƙa da abubuwan da suka dace na muses. salo. Game da buƙatar neman sabon nau'in waƙa wanda ya bambanta da waƙar wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya, Wagner ya rubuta a cikin An Appeal to Friends (1851). Ra'ayin B. m." ya tabbatar a cikin aikin "Music of the Future" (a cikin nau'i na buɗaɗɗen wasiƙa zuwa ga mai sha'awar Parisian F. Villot, 1860). Ka'idar B.m." aka gabatar da shi sabanin al'ada. Waƙar wasan kwaikwayo, wanda Wagner ya ga wuce gona da iri na lokaci-lokaci da zagaye, dogaro ga nau'ikan rawa. kiɗa (ma'ana da farko opera aria). A matsayin misalan ci gaba mai ƙarfi da ci gaba na waƙar, Wagner ya ware wok. yana aiki ta JS Bach, kuma a cikin instr. kiɗa - abubuwan jin daɗi na L. Beethoven (Wagner yayi la'akari da mahimmancin sabon nau'in waƙar a cikin Beethoven a cikin littafin Beethoven, 1870). A cikin ƙoƙari na nuna ci gaba da tsarin rayuwa a cikin kiɗa, Wagner a cikin ayyukansa na gyarawa. (a cikin 60s na karni na 19, an rubuta wani ɓangare na "Ring of the Nibelungen" da "Tristan da Isolde" an rubuta) ya ƙi ciki. rarrabuwar ayyuka zuwa rufaffiyar dakuna daban da neman ci gaba daga ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe. A lokaci guda, babban mai ɗaukar waƙa. farkon yawanci ƙungiyar makaɗa ce. “B. m." A cikin kiɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Wagner jerin jerin leitmotifs ne (ɗayan misalan misalan shi ne Jana'izar Maris daga Mutuwar Allolin). A cikin sassan murya, ƙa'idar "B. m." ya zo haske a cikin yardar kaina da aka gina da osn. zuwa ga karatun kiɗan monologues da tattaunawa. al'amuran da suka maye gurbin al'amuran aria da ensembles na yau da kullun kuma ba tare da fahimta ba suna wucewa cikin juna - ba tare da bayyanannen ƙarshen halayen opera "lambobi". A zahiri, a ƙarƙashin “B. m." Wagner yana nufin "marasa iyaka" (ci gaba) a cikin kiɗan. yadudduka, incl. a cikin jituwa - ana samun ra'ayi na ci gaba da turawa ta hanyar yin amfani da katsewa da kuma katsewar jituwa. juyin juya hali. Daga cikin mabiyan Wagner, mutum zai iya fuskantar wani abu mai kama da "B. m." (musamman, a wasu operas na R. Strauss). Koyaya, madaidaiciyar sha'awar Wagner don ci gaban muses. ci gaban ya soki "B. m. ", musamman daga gefen NA Rimsky-Korsakov.

References: Wagner R., Haruffa. Diaries. Kira ga abokai, trans. daga Jamusanci., M., 1911, p. 414-418; nasa, Beethoven, trans. tare da shi. V. Kolomiytseva, M. - St. Petersburg, 1912, p. 84-92; Rimsky-Korsakov HA, Wagner. Haɗin aikin fasaha biyu ko wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa, Poln. kull. cit., Lit. samfur. da wasiku, vol. II, M., 1963, shafi. 51-53; Druskin MS, Tarihin kiɗan ƙasashen waje na rabin na biyu na karni na 4, vol. 1963, M., 41, shafi. XNUMX.

GV Krauklis