Elena Aleksandrovna Bekman-Shcherbina (Elena Bekman-Shcherbina) |

Elena Bekman-Shcherbina

A baya a tsakiyar shekarun 30s, ƴar wasan piano ta shirya shirin ɗaya daga cikin maraicen zagayowar ranarta dangane da buƙatun masu sauraron rediyo. Kuma dalilin wannan ba shine kawai cewa a cikin 1924 ta kasance mai soloist na watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo ba, ainihin ma'ajiyar fasahar fasaharta ta dabi'a ce ta dimokiradiyya. A 1899 ya sauke karatu daga Moscow Conservatory a cikin aji na VI Safonov (a farko malaman ta NS Zverev da PA Pabst). Beckman-Shcherbina ya rigaya a wancan lokacin ya nemi inganta kiɗa a tsakanin manyan jama'a. Musamman ma, shirye-shiryenta na kyauta ga ɗaliban Kwalejin Aikin Noma sun shahara sosai. Kuma a cikin shekaru na farko bayan juyin juya halin Oktoba, 'yar pian ta kasance mai taka rawa a cikin harkokin kade-kade da na ilimi, ta yi wasa a kulake na ma'aikata, rukunin sojoji, da gidajen marayu. "Wadannan shekaru ne masu wahala," Beckman-Shcherbina ya rubuta daga baya. "Babu mai, babu haske, sun yi aiki kuma suna yin su a cikin gashin gashi, suna jin takalma, cikin sanyi, dakuna marasa zafi. Yatsu sun daskare akan makullin. Amma koyaushe ina tunawa da waɗannan azuzuwan kuma ina aiki a cikin waɗannan shekaru tare da jin daɗi na musamman da jin daɗin gamsuwa. Daga baya, a lokacin Babban Patriotic War, yayin da ake gudun hijira, a lokacin 1942/43 kakar, ta gudanar da jerin laccoci-concert a Kazan Musical College (tare da musicologist VD Konen), sadaukar da tarihin piano music - daga. masu garaya da budurwai zuwa Debussy da Ravel da sauransu.

Gabaɗaya, repertoire na Beckman-Shcherbina ya kasance babba (kawai a cikin kide-kide na rediyo a gaban makirufo, ta buga fiye da guda 700). Tare da saurin ban mamaki, mai zane ya koyi abubuwan da suka fi rikitarwa. Ta kasance musamman sha'awar sabon kiɗa na farkon karni na 1907. Ba abin mamaki ba ta kasance mai shiga cikin "Musical Exhibitions" na MI Deisha-Sionitskaya a 1911-1900, "Maraice na Modern Music" (1912-40). Beckman-Shcherbina ne ya fara aiwatar da yawancin abubuwan da Scriabin ta yi, kuma marubucin da kansa ya yaba mata sosai. Ta kuma gabatar da jama'ar Rasha ga ayyukan Debussy, Ravel, Sibelius, Albéniz, Roger-Ducasse. Sunayen 'yan uwa S. Prokofiev, R. Gliere, M. Gnesin, A. Crane, V. Nechaev, A. Aleksandrov da sauran Soviet composers aka musamman sau da yawa samu a cikin shirye-shiryenta. A cikin XNUMXs, samfuran da aka manta da rabi na wallafe-wallafen piano na Rasha sun jawo hankalinta - kiɗan D. Bortnyansky, I. Khandoshkin, M. Glinka, A. Rubinstein, A. Arensky, A. Glazunov.

Abin takaici, 'yan rikodin, har ma da waɗanda aka yi a cikin shekaru na ƙarshe na rayuwar Beckman-Shcherbina, na iya ba da ra'ayi kawai game da bayyanar ta. Koyaya, shaidun gani da ido baki ɗaya sun jaddada dabi'a da sauƙi na salon wasan pian ɗin. "Halayenta na fasaha," A. Alekseev ya rubuta, "baƙi ne sosai ga kowane nau'i na zane, sha'awar nuna fasaha don basira ... Ayyukan Bekman-Shcherbina a bayyane yake, filastik, gaba daya dangane da amincin Siffar ɗaukar hoto… Mafarkinta mai ban sha'awa, farin ciki koyaushe yana kan gaba. Mai zane yana da kyau musamman a ayyukan yanayi mai haske, wanda aka rubuta a bayyane, launuka na "watercolor".

Ayyukan kide-kide na mai wasan piano ya ci gaba fiye da rabin karni. Kusan a matsayin "dogon lokaci" shine aikin koyarwa na Beckman-Shcherbina. A shekara ta 1908, ta fara koyarwa a Kwalejin Kiɗa na Gnessin, wanda ke da alaƙa da ita tsawon kwata na ƙarni, sannan a cikin 1912-1918 ta jagoranci nata makarantar piano. Daga baya ta yi karatu tare da matasa pianists a Moscow Conservatory da Central Correspondence Musical Pedagogical Institute (har 1941). A shekarar 1940 aka ba ta mukamin Farfesa.

A ƙarshe, yana da kyau a faɗi abubuwan da ɗan wasan piano ya yi. Tare da mijinta, mawaki mai son L, K. Beckman, ta fitar da tarin waƙoƙin yara guda biyu, daga cikinsu akwai wasan kwaikwayo "An Haifi Bishiyar Kirsimeti a cikin Daji", wanda ya fi shahara har yau.

Cit.: Tunawa da ni.-M., 1962.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.