Doira: abun da ke ciki na kayan aiki, tarihi, amfani, fasaha na wasa

A cikin al'adun gargajiya na Uzbek, gandun hannu zagaye ya fi shahara, ana amfani da su don ƙirƙirar kari daban-daban yayin raye-rayen ƙasa.

Na'urar

Duk mutanen Gabas suna da nasu ganga da tambourine. Uzbek doira alama ce ta wasu mambobi biyu na dangin kaɗa. An shimfiɗa fatar akuya akan zoben katako. Yana aiki azaman membrane. Faranti na ƙarfe, zobba suna makale a jiki, suna yin sauti bisa ga ka'idar tambourine yayin bugun ko motsi na mai yin. Jingles suna haɗe zuwa gefen ciki.

Kayan kida na kaɗe-kaɗe a diamita yana da girman santimita 45-50. Zurfinsa yana da kusan santimita 7. Yawan jingles daga 20 zuwa 100 da ƙari. An yi harsashi daga beech. Don lanƙwasa daidai ko da huɗa, ana fara jiƙa itacen, sannan a raunata a kan silinda mai zafi.

Tarihi

Ganguna sune mafi tsufa a duniyar kiɗa. Doira ya wanzu a karni na XNUMX. An gano zane-zanen dutse tare da hotunan mata suna buga ganga da rawa da sautinsa a kwarin Ferghana.

Farisa sun kira shi "dare", Tajiks - "daira", Georgians - "daire". Ga Armeniyawa da Azabaijan, wannan shine "gaval" ko "daf" - bambancin doira, wanda ke sauti kawai a kan bukukuwa.

Mazauna Gabas kafin wasan kwaikwayon sun ajiye na'urar a kusa da wuta. Zafin murhu ya bushe fata, ya ba da karin haske, karin sauti. Har zuwa kwanan nan, mata ne kawai za su iya kunna kayan aikin a wasu ƙasashe. A cikin iyalai masu arziki, an yi masa ado da kayan ado.

Dabarun wasa

Na gaske virtuoso ne kawai zai iya yin kyakkyawan kida akan doira. Ba shi da sauƙi kamar yadda ake iya gani. Buga tsakiyar da'irar fata yana haifar da maras kyau, ƙaramin sauti. Idan mawaƙin ya faɗo kusa da gefen, to ana maye gurbin sautin maras ban sha'awa da mai sono.

Dabarar ta bambanta da yin ganga ko buga tambura. Kuna iya yin wasa da kowane hannu, yana da mahimmanci ku riƙe yatsun ku daidai. Suna hade da juna. Don yin sauti mai kaifi, sauri, mai haske, mai yin wasan yana kwance yatsunsa, kamar dannawa. Yi amfani da dabino don yin shuru. Wanne hannun mai wasan kwaikwayo ya riƙe tamburin ba kome.

Ana amfani da Doire wajen inganta raye-rayen jama'a. Yana tare da wakilan dangin kirtani - tara (nau'in lute) ko kamanch (violin na musamman). Yin raye-raye, mawaƙin na iya rera waƙa, yin rera waƙa. Daire ya tsara salon rawa, wanda ake yawan ji a bukukuwan aure na ƙasa.