Annie Fischer |

Annie Fischer ne adam wata

An san wannan suna kuma ana yaba shi a cikin ƙasarmu, da kuma a cikin ƙasashe da yawa na nahiyoyi daban-daban - duk inda mai zane-zanen Hungary ya ziyarci, inda aka buga rikodin da yawa tare da rikodin ta. Fadin wannan sunan, masu son kiɗan suna tuna cewa ƙaya na musamman da ke tattare da ita kaɗai, wannan zurfin da sha'awar gwaninta, da tsananin tunanin da take sanyawa cikin wasanta. Suna tunawa da waƙar daraja da kuma jin kai, da ban mamaki iyawa don kawai, ba tare da wani tasiri na waje ba, cimma wani abu mai wuyar bayyanawa. A ƙarshe, sun tuna da ƙuduri na ban mamaki, kuzari mai ƙarfi, ƙarfin namiji - daidai da namiji, saboda sanannen kalmar "wasan mata" kamar yadda aka yi amfani da shi a ciki bai dace ba. Ee, tarurruka da Annie Fischer sun kasance cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na na dogon lokaci. Domin a fuskarta mu ba ’yar fasaha ce kawai ba, a’a muna ɗaya daga cikin fitattun halayen fasahar wasan kwaikwayo na zamani.

Ƙwarewar wasan pian Annie Fischer ba ta da kyau. Alamarsa ba kawai ba ce kawai kuma ba cikakkiyar cikakkiyar fasaha ba ce, amma ikon mai fasaha don sauƙaƙe ra'ayoyinta a cikin sauti. Daidaitaccen lokaci, daidaitacce ko da yaushe, ma'anar ƙwanƙwasa, fahimtar yanayin ciki da kuma tunani na ci gaban kiɗa, da ikon "sauke sigar" wani yanki da ake yi - waɗannan su ne abũbuwan amfãni a cikinsa zuwa cikakke. . Bari mu ƙara anan sauti mai cike da jini, “buɗaɗɗen” sauti, wanda, kamar yadda yake, yana jaddada sauƙi da dabi'ar salon wasanta, wadatar ƙwaƙƙwaran gradations, haske na katako, taushin taɓawa da haɓakawa…

Bayan mun faɗi waɗannan duka, har yanzu ba mu zo ga babban abin da ke bambanta fasahar ƴan piano ba, ƙawanta. Tare da dukkan fassarorinsa iri-iri, an haɗa su ta hanyar ingantaccen sautin rayuwa mai ƙarfi. Wannan ba yana nufin cewa Annie Fischer baƙon abu ne ga wasan kwaikwayo, rikice-rikice masu kaifi, zurfin ji. Akasin haka, a cikin kiɗa, cike da sha'awar soyayya da manyan sha'awa, ƙwarewarta ta bayyana sosai. Amma a lokaci guda, mai ƙwazo, mai ƙarfi, tsarin tsari yana kasancewa a cikin wasan mai zane, wani nau'in "tabbataccen caji" wanda ke kawo ɗayan ɗayanta.

Repertoire Annie Fischer ba shi da faɗi sosai, ana la'akari da sunayen mawaƙa. Ta iyakance kanta kusan na keɓance ga ƙwararrun ƙwararrun gargajiya da na soyayya. Keɓance su ne, wataƙila, kaɗan ne kawai ta Debussy da kiɗan ɗan ƙasarta Bela Bartok (Fischer yana ɗaya daga cikin ƴan wasan farko na Concerto na Uku). Amma a daya bangaren kuma, a fagen zabar ta, tana wasa da komai ko kusan komai. Ta musamman nasara a cikin manyan-sikelin abun da ke ciki - concertos, sonatas, bambancin hawan keke. Tsananin bayyanawa, ƙarfin gwaninta, wanda aka samu ba tare da ɗan taɓa jin daɗi ko ɗabi'a ba, ya nuna fassarar ta na gargajiya - Haydn da Mozart. Babu wani gefen gidan kayan gargajiya, salo "a karkashin zamanin" a nan: duk abin da ke cike da rayuwa, kuma a lokaci guda, an yi la'akari da hankali, daidaitacce, ƙuntatawa. Schubert mai zurfin falsafa da maɗaukakin Brahms, Mendelssohn mai tawali'u da jaruma Chopin sun kasance wani muhimmin ɓangare na shirye-shiryenta. Amma mafi girma nasarorin da artist suna hade da fassarar ayyukan Liszt da Schumann. Duk wanda ya saba da fassarar da ta yi na kidan piano, Carnival da Schumann's Symphonic Etudes ko Liszt's Sonata a B qananan, ba zai iya taimakawa ba sai dai ya sha'awar fage da rawar da ta taka. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, an ƙara ƙarin suna ɗaya zuwa waɗannan sunaye - Beethoven. A cikin 70s, waƙarsa ta mamaye wuri mai mahimmanci a cikin kide-kide na Fischer, kuma fassararta na manyan zane-zane na giant Viennese ya zama mai zurfi da ƙarfi. "Ayyukanta na Beethoven dangane da bayyananniyar ra'ayoyi da kuma lallashewa na canja wurin wasan kwaikwayo na kida shine wanda nan da nan ya kama kuma yana jan hankalin mai sauraro," in ji masanin kida na Austrian X. Wirth. Kuma Mujallar Kiɗa da Kiɗa ta lura bayan wasan kwaikwayo na ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a London: “Maganganun fassarorin nata suna motsa su ne daga manyan ra'ayoyin kiɗan, da irin wannan rayuwa ta musamman ta motsin rai da ta nuna, alal misali, a cikin adagio daga Pathetique ko Moonlight Sonata, da alama. sun tafi shekaru masu haske da yawa a gaban “stringers” na bayanin kula na yau.

Koyaya, aikin fasaha na Fischer ya fara ne da Beethoven. Ta fara a Budapest tun tana ɗan shekara takwas kacal. A cikin 1922 ne yarinyar ta fara fitowa a kan mataki, inda ta yi wasan kwaikwayo na farko na Beethoven. An lura da ita, ta sami damar yin karatu a karkashin jagorancin mashahuran malamai. A Kwalejin Kiɗa, mashawarta su ne Arnold Szekely da fitaccen mawaki kuma ɗan wasan pian Jerno Donany. Tun daga 1926, Fischer ta kasance wasan kwaikwayo na yau da kullun, a cikin wannan shekarar ta yi tafiya ta farko a wajen Hungary - zuwa Zurich, wanda ke nuna farkon amincewar duniya. Kuma nasarar da ya samu a gasar Piano ta kasa da kasa ta farko a Budapest, F. Liszt (1933), ta karfafa nasararsa. A lokaci guda kuma, Annie ta fara jin mawaƙan da suka yi mata ra'ayi marar ƙarewa kuma suka rinjayi ci gaban fasaharta - S. Rachmaninoff da E. Fischer.

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Annie Fischer ta yi nasarar tserewa zuwa Sweden, kuma ba da daɗewa ba bayan korar Nazis, ta koma ƙasarta. A lokaci guda, ta fara koyarwa a Liszt Higher School of Music da kuma a 1965 ya samu lakabi na farfesa. Ayyukanta na kide kide da wake-wake a lokacin yakin bayan yakin sun sami fa'ida sosai kuma sun kawo mata soyayyar masu sauraro da kuma karramawa da yawa. Sau uku - a cikin 1949, 1955 da 1965 - an ba ta lambar yabo ta Kossuth. Kuma a waje da iyakokin ƙasarta, da gaskiya ana kiranta jakadan fasaha na Hungary.

… A cikin bazara na 1948, Annie Fischer ta fara zuwa ƙasarmu a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar masu fasaha daga Hungary. Da farko dai an gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na ’yan wannan kungiya a dakunan watsa shirye-shirye na gidan rediyo da na’urar daukar sauti. A nan ne Annie Fischer ta yi ɗaya daga cikin "lambobin kambi" na repertoire - Schumann's Concerto. Duk wanda ya hallara a zauren ko kuma ya ji wasan kwaikwayo a gidan rediyo ya burge da fasaha da ruhi na wasan. Bayan haka, an gayyace ta don shiga cikin wani wasan kwaikwayo a dandalin Hall of Columns. Masu sauraro sun ba ta dogon lokaci mai zafi, ta sake yin wasa - Beethoven, Schubert, Chopin, Liszt, Mendelssohn, Bartok. Ta haka ne aka fara sanin masu sauraron Soviet tare da fasaha na Annie Fischer, wanda aka sani wanda ya nuna farkon abota mai dorewa. A shekarar 1949, ta riga ya ba da wani solo concert a Moscow, sa'an nan ta yi m sau, yin da dama daga daban-daban ayyuka a daban-daban biranen kasar mu.

Ayyukan Annie Fischer tun daga lokacin sun ja hankalin masu sukar Soviet, an yi nazari sosai a kan shafukan mu na jarida ta hanyar manyan masana. Kowannensu ya samu a wasanta na kusa da shi, mafi kyawun fasali. Wasu sun ware wadatar palette mai sauti, wasu - sha'awar da ƙarfi, wasu - dumi da jin daɗin fasaharta. Gaskiya ne, sha'awar a nan ba ta cika sharadi ba. D. Rabinovich, alal misali, yana godiya sosai game da aikinta na Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, ba zato ba tsammani ya yi ƙoƙari ya sanya shakku a kan sunanta na Schumanist, yana bayyana ra'ayin cewa wasan da ta yi "ba shi da zurfin soyayya na gaskiya", cewa "jin daɗinta shi ne zalla. waje”, kuma sikelin a wurare ya juya zuwa ƙarshen kanta. A kan haka, mai suka ya kammala game da dabi'a biyu na fasahar Fischer: tare da classicism, lyricism da mafarki ma suna cikinsa. Saboda haka, masanin kida mai daraja ya kwatanta mai zane a matsayin wakilin "Tsarin soyayya." Da alama, duk da haka, cewa wannan a maimakon haka, a takaice, m jayayya, saboda Fischer's art a gaskiya ma cike da jini cewa shi kawai bai dace da Procrustean gado na wani shugabanci. Kuma wanda kawai zai iya yarda da ra'ayin wani masanin wasan kwaikwayo na piano K. Adzhemov, wanda ya zana hoton mai wasan piano na Hungarian: "Harkokin Annie Fischer, romantic a yanayi, yana da asali sosai kuma a lokaci guda yana da alaƙa da hadisai. tun daga F. Liszt. Hasashe baƙon abu ne ga aiwatar da shi, kodayake tushen sa na rubutu ne mai zurfi da cikakken nazari na marubucin. Fischer's pianism yana da yawa kuma yana haɓaka sosai. Hakanan abin ban sha'awa shine fasaha mai kyau da fasaha. Mai wasan pian, tun kafin ya taɓa madannai, yana jin hoton sautin, sa'an nan kuma, kamar yana sassaƙa sauti, yana samun bambance-bambancen timbre. Kai tsaye, yana ba da amsa ga kowane mahimmancin innation, daidaitawa, canji a cikin numfashin rhythmic, da takamaiman fassarorinsa suna da alaƙa da gaba ɗaya. A cikin wasan kwaikwayon A. Fischer, duka cantilena mai ban sha'awa da jin daɗin magana da pathos suna jan hankali. Hazakar mai zane tana bayyana kanta da ƙarfi ta musamman a cikin abubuwan ƙirƙira masu cike da hanyoyin jin daɗi. A cikin fassararta, ainihin ainihin waƙa ya bayyana. Saboda haka, iri ɗaya abubuwan a cikin ta kowane lokaci suna sauti a cikin sabuwar hanya. Kuma wannan yana daya daga cikin dalilan rashin hakuri da muke sa ran sabbin tarurruka da fasaharta.

Waɗannan kalmomi, waɗanda aka yi magana a farkon 70s, suna nan da gaske har yau.

Annie Fischer da gaske ta ki sakin faifan bidiyo da aka yi a lokacin kide kide da wake-wakenta, saboda rashin cikarsu. A gefe guda, ita ma ba ta son yin rikodin a cikin ɗakin studio, tana mai bayanin cewa duk wani fassarar da aka yi idan babu masu sauraro kai tsaye to babu makawa ya zama wucin gadi. Duk da haka, tun daga 1977, ta shafe shekaru 15 tana aiki a cikin ɗakunan studio, tana aiki akan rikodin duk sonatas na Beethoven, zagayowar da ba a taɓa sake mata ba a lokacin rayuwarta. Duk da haka, bayan mutuwar Annie Fischer, sassa da yawa na wannan aikin sun zama samuwa ga masu sauraro kuma sun sami godiya sosai daga masu sana'a na kiɗa na gargajiya.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990