Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov |

Alexander Alexandrov

AV Alexandrov ya shiga cikin tarihin fasahar kiɗan Soviet musamman a matsayin marubucin kyawawan waƙoƙin asali na musamman kuma a matsayin mahaliccin Red Banner Song da Dance Tarin na Sojan Soviet, ɗaya daga cikin irinsa. Alexandrov kuma ya rubuta ayyuka a wasu nau'o'in, amma akwai kaɗan daga cikinsu: 2 operas, wasan kwaikwayo, waƙa mai ban sha'awa (duk a cikin rubutun hannu), sonata don violin da piano. Salon da ya fi so shi ne waƙar. Waƙar, wanda mawaƙin ya yi iƙirari, ita ce farkon farkon ƙirƙirar kiɗan. Waƙar ta ci gaba da zama mafi ƙaunataccen, taro, mafi sauƙin amfani da fasahar kiɗa. An tabbatar da wannan ra'ayin ta hanyar waƙoƙi na asali 81 da kuma fiye da 70 na al'adun gargajiya na Rasha da waƙoƙin juyin juya hali.

A dabi'a Alexandrov an ba shi kyakkyawar murya da kiɗan da ba kasafai ba. Tuni yaro dan shekara tara, ya rera waka a daya daga cikin mawakan St. A can, a karkashin jagorancin fitaccen jagoran mawaƙa A. Arkhangelsky, saurayin ya fahimci abubuwan da ke tattare da fasahar murya da kuma tsarin mulki. Amma Alexandrov ya sha'awar ba kawai da choral music. Ya ci gaba da halartar kade-kade da kide-kide na kade-kade, da wasan opera.

Tun 1900 Aleksandrov ya kasance dalibi na St. Petersburg Conservatory a cikin abun da ke ciki ajin A. Glazunov da A. Lyadov. Duk da haka, ba da daɗewa ba aka tilasta masa ya bar St. Petersburg kuma ya katse karatunsa na dogon lokaci: yanayin sanyi na St. Sai kawai a 1909 Aleksandrov ya shiga Moscow Conservatory a fannoni biyu a lokaci daya - a cikin abun da ke ciki (aji na Farfesa S. Vasilenko) da vocals (aji na U. Mazetti). Ya gabatar da wasan opera Rusalka guda daya bisa A. Pushkin a matsayin aikin kammala digiri a kan abun da ke ciki kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Big Azurfa.

A 1918, Alexandrov aka gayyace zuwa Moscow Conservatory a matsayin malami na musical da ka'idar tarbiyya, da kuma 4 shekaru daga baya aka bayar da lakabi na farfesa. Wani muhimmin al'amari a cikin rayuwa da kuma aiki Aleksandrov aka alama a 1928: ya zama daya daga cikin masu shirya da kuma m darektan na kasar na farko Red Army Song da Dance taron. Yanzu shi ne Tchaikovsky Red Banner Academic Song da Dance gungu na Soviet Army, wanda ya samu shahara a duniya sau biyu. AV Alexandrova. Sa'an nan rukunin ya ƙunshi mutane 12 kawai: mawaƙa 8, ɗan wasan accordion, mai karatu da raye-raye 2. Tuni wasan kwaikwayo na farko a ranar 12 ga Oktoba, 1928 a cikin gidan Red Army na tsakiya a karkashin jagorancin Alexandrov ya gana da liyafar ban sha'awa daga masu sauraro. A matsayin farkon farawa, ƙungiyar ta shirya ɗimbin wallafe-wallafe da kiɗan kiɗan "Rukunin Krasnodar na 22 a cikin Waƙoƙi". Babban aikin ƙungiyar shi ne yin hidima ga sassan Red Army, amma kuma ya yi a gaban ma'aikata, manoma na gama kai, da kuma Soviet masu basira. Aleksandoov ya mai da hankali sosai ga wasan kwaikwayo na rukunin. Ya zagaya kasa sosai yana tattarawa da nadar wakokin sojoji, sannan ya fara tsara kansa. Waƙarsa ta farko akan jigon kishin ƙasa shine "Bari mu tuna, 'yan'uwa" (Art. S. Alymova). An bi da wasu - "Beat daga sama, jiragen sama", "Zabaikalskaya", "Krasnoflotskaya-Amurskaya", "Song na biyar Division" (duk a tashar S. Alymov), "Song of partisans" (art. S). Mikhalkov) . Echelonnaya (wasiku na O. Kolychev) ya sami shahara sosai.

A cikin 1937, gwamnati ta yanke shawarar aika taron zuwa Paris, zuwa nunin duniya. Ranar 9 ga Satumba, 1937, ƙungiyar Red Banner a cikin kakin soja ta tsaya a kan mataki na zauren wasan kwaikwayo na Pleyel, cike da damar da masu sauraro. Don yabon jama'a, Alexandrov ya hau kan dandalin, kuma sautin Marseillaise ya kwarara cikin zauren. Kowa ya tashi. Lokacin da wannan waka mai ban sha'awa ta juyin juya halin Faransa ta yi busa, sai aka yi ta tafawa. Bayan wasan kwaikwayon na "Internationale" ya fi tsayi. Kashegari, sake dubawa game da ƙungiyar da shugabanta sun bayyana a cikin jaridun Paris. Shahararren mawaƙin Faransanci da mai sukar kiɗa J. Auric ya rubuta: “Menene za a iya kwatanta irin wannan ƙungiyar mawaƙa?... Yaya ba za a kama shi ta hanyar sassauci da dabarar nuances ba, tsabtar sauti da kuma, a lokaci guda, aikin haɗin gwiwa. wanda ke mayar da waɗannan mawaƙa zuwa kayan aiki guda ɗaya kuma wane iri. Wannan rukunin ya riga ya ci Paris… Ƙasar da ke da irin waɗannan masu fasaha za ta iya yin alfahari da ita. Alexandrov ya yi aiki tare da makamashi mai ƙarfi a lokacin Babban Yaƙin Patriotic. Ya tsara waƙoƙin kishin ƙasa da yawa masu haske, irin su Banner Leninist Mai Tsarki, 25 Years of the Red Army, Waka game da Ukraine (duk a tashar O. Kolychev). Daga cikin waɗannan, - Alexander Vasilyevich ya rubuta, - "Yakin Mai Tsarki" ya shiga rayuwar sojojin da dukan mutane a matsayin waƙar fansa da la'ana ga Hitler. Wannan waƙar ƙararrawa, waƙar rantsuwa, da kuma yanzu, kamar yadda yake a cikin shekarun yaƙi mai tsanani, yana burge mutanen Soviet sosai.

A 1939, Alexandrov ya rubuta waƙar waƙar Bolshevik Party (Art. V. Lebedev-Kumach). Lokacin da aka sanar da gasar don ƙirƙirar sabuwar Anthem na Tarayyar Soviet, ya gabatar da kiɗa na "Bulshevik Party of the Bolshevik" tare da rubutun S. Mikhalkov da G. El-Registan. A daren kafin shekara ta 1944, dukkanin gidajen rediyon kasar a karon farko sun watsa sabuwar waka ta Tarayyar Soviet da kungiyar Red Banner Ensemble ta yi.

Yin aiki mai yawa a cikin hidimar sassan Soviet Army, a lokacin yakin shekaru da kuma lokacin zaman lafiya, Aleksandrov ya nuna damuwa ga ilimin jama'ar Soviet. Ya tabbata cewa Red Banner Ensemble na Red Army Song da Dance zai iya kuma ya kamata ya zama misali don ƙirƙirar ƙungiyoyi a kulake na ma'aikata. A lokaci guda, Alexandrov ba kawai ya ba da shawara game da ƙirƙirar ƙungiyoyin mawaƙa da rawa ba, amma kuma ya ba su taimako mai amfani. Har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakinsa, Alexandrov ya yi aiki tare da babban ƙarfinsa na halitta - ya mutu a Berlin, a lokacin yawon shakatawa na gungu. A cikin ɗaya daga cikin wasiƙunsa na ƙarshe, kamar yana taƙaita rayuwarsa, Alexander Vasilyevich ya rubuta: “... Nawa aka samu da kuma wace hanya aka bi tun lokacin da nake yaro a cikin takalmin bas har zuwa yanzu… mai kyau da mara kyau. Kuma rayuwa ta kasance gwagwarmaya mai ci gaba, cike da aiki, damuwa… Amma ba na yin korafi game da komai. Na gode da kaddara don gaskiyar cewa rayuwata, aikina ya kawo wasu 'ya'yan itace ga ƙaunataccen Uban ƙasa da mutane. Wannan babban farin ciki ne… ”…

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