Vladimir Ashkenazy (Vladimir Ashkenazy) |

Vladimir Ashkenazy

Domin shekaru biyar masu kyau, Vladimir Ashkenazy ya kasance daya daga cikin shahararrun pianists na zamaninsa. Hawansa ya kasance mai sauri, kodayake ba ta wata hanya ba tare da rikitarwa ba: akwai lokuta na shakku na ƙirƙira, nasarorin da suka canza tare da gazawa. Amma duk da haka gaskiya ne: baya a cikin farkon 60s, masu bita sun kusanci kima na fasaharsa tare da ma'auni mafi mahimmanci, sau da yawa kwatanta shi tare da abokan aiki da aka sani da kuma masu daraja. Don haka, a cikin mujallar "Soviet Music" za a iya karanta bayanin da ya biyo baya game da fassararsa na "Hotuna a wani Nunin" na Mussorgsky: "Harharar sauti na "Hotuna" na S. Richter yana da abin tunawa, fassarar L. Oborin yana da mahimmanci kuma ban sha'awa. V. Ashkenazy a cikin nasa hanyar bayyana wani m abun da ke ciki, taka shi da daraja tame, ma'ana da filigree gama na cikakken bayani. Tare da wadatar launuka, an kiyaye haɗin kai da amincin ra'ayin.

A shafuffukan wannan rukunin yanar gizon, ana ambaton gasa ta kiɗa iri-iri kowane lokaci. Kaico, abu ne kawai na halitta - ko muna so ko ba a so - cewa sun zama babban kayan aiki don haɓaka hazaka a yau, kuma, da gaske, sun gabatar da mafi yawan shahararrun masu fasaha. A m rabo na Ashkenazi ne halayyar da kuma ban mamaki a wannan batun: ya gudanar ya samu nasarar wuce da crucible na uku, watakila mafi iko da wuya gasa na zamaninmu. Bayan lambar yabo ta biyu a Warsaw (1955), ya sami lambar yabo mafi girma a gasar Sarauniya Elisabeth a Brussels (1956) da gasar PI Tchaikovsky a Moscow (1962).

Halayen kida na ban mamaki na Ashkenazi ya bayyana kansa da wuri, kuma a fili yana da alaƙa da al'adar iyali. Mahaifin Vladimir - pop pianist David Ashkenazi, wanda aka sani har wa yau a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, a farko-aji master na sana'a, wanda nagarta ta kullum taso da sha'awa. An ƙara shiri mai kyau ga gado, da farko Vladimir ya yi karatu a Makarantar kiɗa ta Tsakiya tare da malami Anaila Sumbatyan, sannan a Conservatory na Moscow tare da Farfesa Lev Oborin. Idan muka tuna yadda tsarin kowanne daga cikin gasa uku da ya yi ya cika da sarkakiya, za a fahimci cewa a lokacin da ya kammala karatunsa a kwalejin, dan wasan piano ya ƙware sosai kuma ya ƙware sosai. A wancan lokacin, ya bambanta da duniya na yin sha'awa (wanda ba shi da yawa). A kowane hali, waƙoƙin Chopin sun haɗu sosai tare da maganganun Prokofiev's sonatas. Kuma a cikin kowane fassarar, halayen ɗan wasan pianist ba koyaushe suna nunawa ba: fashewar sha'awa, jin daɗi da jujjuyawar jumla, kyakkyawar ma'anar launi mai sauti, ikon kula da haɓakar ci gaba, motsin tunani.

Tabbas, an ƙara kayan aikin fasaha masu kyau ga duk wannan. A ƙarƙashin yatsunsa, rubutun piano koyaushe yana bayyana na musamman mai yawa, cikakke, amma a lokaci guda, ƙananan nuances ba su ɓace don ji ba. A cikin wata kalma, ta farkon 60s ya kasance ainihin master. Kuma ya ja hankalin masu suka. Daya daga cikin masu bitar ya rubuta: “Da yake magana da Ashkenazi, mutum yakan yaba da bayanansa na kirki. Lalle ne, shi fitaccen virtuoso ne, ba a cikin karkatacciyar ma'anar kalmar da ta yadu a kwanan nan ba (ikon yin wasa iri-iri na sassa da sauri cikin sauri), amma a cikin ma'anarta ta gaskiya. Matashin ɗan wasan piano ba wai kawai yana da ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙaƙƙarfan yatsu masu kyau ba, yana da kyau a cikin nau'ikan sautin piano mai ban sha'awa. Ainihin, wannan halayyar kuma ta shafi Vladimir Ashkenazi na yau, ko da yake a lokaci guda ya rasa daya kawai, amma watakila mafi mahimmancin fasalin da ya bayyana a cikin shekaru: fasaha, balagagge. A kowace shekara da pianist ya kafa kansa da kuma mafi m da kuma m ayyuka m, ya ci gaba da inganta fassarar Chopin, Liszt, wasa Beethoven da Schubert da yawa, cin nasara da asali da sikelin kuma a cikin ayyukan Bach da Mozart, Tchaikovsky da Rachmaninov. Brahms da Ravel…

A 1961, jim kadan kafin abin tunawa a gare shi na biyu Tchaikovsky Competition. Vladimir Ashkenazy ya sadu da matashiyar 'yar wasan pian 'yar Icelandic Sophie Johannsdottir, wacce a lokacin ta kasance mai horarwa a Cibiyar Conservatory ta Moscow. Ba da daɗewa ba suka zama mata da miji, kuma bayan shekara biyu ma’auratan suka zauna a Ingila. A cikin 1968, Ashkenazi ya zauna a Reykjavik kuma ya karɓi zama ɗan ƙasa na Iceland, kuma bayan shekaru goma Lucerne ya zama babban “mazauninsa”. Duk waɗannan shekarun, ya ci gaba da ba da kide kide da kide-kide tare da karuwa mai ƙarfi, yin aiki tare da mafi kyawun ƙungiyar makaɗa a duniya, yin rikodin da yawa akan rikodin - kuma waɗannan bayanan sun zama tartsatsi. Daga cikin su, watakila, rikodin dukan kide kide na Beethoven da Rachmaninov, da kuma Chopin's records, musamman rare.

Tun tsakiyar shekarun saba'in, mashahurin masanin pianism na zamani, kamar yawancin abokan aikinsa, ya sami nasarar ƙware a sana'a ta biyu - gudanarwa. Tuni a cikin 1981, ya zama shugaban mawaƙa na farko na dindindin na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Philharmonic na London, kuma yanzu yana yin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin ƙasashe da yawa. Daga 1987 zuwa 1994 shi ne shugaban kungiyar kade-kade ta Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, sannan kuma ya gudanar da kungiyar kade-kade ta Cleveland Symphony Orchestra ta Berlin Radio Orchestra. Amma a lokaci guda, kide kide da wake-wake na pianist na Ashkenazi ba su zama mai ban sha'awa ba kuma suna tayar da sha'awar masu sauraro kamar da.

Tun daga shekarun 1960, Ashkenazy ya yi rikodin rikodi da yawa don lakabin rikodin daban-daban. Ya yi kuma ya rubuta duk ayyukan piano na Chopin, Rachmaninov, Scriabin, Brahms, Liszt, da kuma kide-kide na piano guda biyar na Prokofiev. Ashkenazy shine wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Grammy sau bakwai don Ayyukan Kiɗa na Gargajiya. Daga cikin mawakan da ya yi aiki tare akwai Itzhak Perlman, Georg Solti. A matsayin shugaba tare da daban-daban makada, ya yi da kuma rubuta duk symphonies Sibelius, Rachmaninov da Shostakovich.

An buga littafin tarihin rayuwar Ashkenazi Beyond the Frontiers a cikin 1985.