Daniel Barenboim |

Daniel Barenboim

Yanzu sau da yawa yakan faru cewa sanannen mawaki ko mawaƙa, yana neman faɗaɗa zangonsa, ya juya zuwa gudanarwa, yana mai da ita sana'arsa ta biyu. Amma akwai 'yan lokuta idan mawaƙa tun yana ƙarami ya bayyana kansa a lokaci guda a wurare da yawa. Banda ɗaya shine Daniel Barenboim. Ya ce: “Sa’ad da nake ’yan wasan piano, ina ƙoƙari in ga ƙungiyar makaɗa a cikin piano, kuma sa’ad da na tsaya a wurin wasan bidiyo, ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta zama kamar na piano.” Lallai, da wuya a faɗi abin da yake binta na hawan meteoric da kuma shahararsa a halin yanzu.

A zahiri, piano har yanzu yana wanzu kafin gudanarwa. Iyaye, malamai da kansu (baƙi daga Rasha), sun fara koyar da ɗanta tun yana ɗan shekara biyar a ƙasarsu ta Buenos Aires, inda ya fara bayyana a kan mataki yana da shekaru bakwai. Kuma a cikin 1952, Daniel ya riga ya yi tare da Orchestra na Mozarteum a Salzburg, yana wasa Bach's Concerto a D ƙananan. Yaron ya yi sa'a: Edwin Fischer ya dauke shi a karkashin kulawa, wanda ya shawarce shi ya ci gaba da gudanar da hanya. Tun 1956, mawaƙin ya zauna a London, a kai a kai yana yin wasan pianist, ya yi yawon shakatawa da yawa, ya sami kyaututtuka a gasar D. Viotti da A. Casella a Italiya. A wannan lokacin, ya dauki darasi daga Igor Markovich, Josef Krips da Nadia Boulanger, amma mahaifinsa ya kasance kawai malamin piano a gare shi har tsawon rayuwarsa.

Tuni a farkon 60s, ko ta yaya imperceptibly, amma da sauri tauraron Barenboim ya fara tashi a kan m sararin samaniya. Yana ba da kide kide da wake-wake a matsayin dan wasan piano da kuma madugu, ya rubuta faifai masu kyau da yawa, daga cikinsu, ba shakka, dukkan wasannin kide-kide na Beethoven da Fantasia na piano, mawaka da makada sun fi jan hankali. Gaskiya ne, galibi saboda Otto Klemperer yana bayan na'urar wasan bidiyo. Babban abin alfahari ne ga matashin ɗan wasan pian, kuma ya yi duk abin da ya dace don jimre da aikin da ke da alhakin. Amma duk da haka, a cikin wannan rikodi, halin Klemperer, babban ra'ayinsa ya mamaye; mawallafin soloist, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin masu suka ya faɗa, “ya ​​yi aikin allura mai tsafta ne kawai ta pianistically.” "Ba a bayyana cikakken dalilin da yasa Klemperer ke buƙatar piano a cikin wannan rikodin ba," wani mai bita ya yi ba'a.

A wata kalma, matashin mawaƙin har yanzu ya yi nisa da balagaggen ƙirƙira. Duk da haka, masu sukar sun ba da ladabi ba kawai ga fasaharsa mai haske ba, ainihin "lu'u-lu'u", amma har ma da ma'ana da ma'anar jumla, mahimmancin ra'ayoyinsa. Fassarar da ya yi na Mozart, tare da muhimmancinsa, ya kori fasaha na Clara Haskil, kuma namijin wasan ya sa ya ga kyakkyawan Beethovenist a hangen nesa. A lokacin (Janairu-Fabrairu 1965), Barenboim ya yi tafiya mai tsawo, kusan wata guda a kusa da Tarayyar Soviet, wanda ya yi a Moscow, Leningrad, Vilnius, Yalta da sauran garuruwa. Ya yi wasan kwaikwayo na Beethoven na uku da na biyar, Brahms' Farko, manyan ayyuka na Beethoven, Schumann, Schubert, Brahms, da ƙaramin Chopin. Amma ya faru da cewa wannan tafiya ta tafi kusan ba a sani ba - to Barenboim bai riga ya kewaye shi da halo na daukaka ba ...

Sa'an nan ayyukan pian na Barenboim ya fara raguwa kaɗan. Shekaru da yawa kusan bai yi wasa ba, yana ba da mafi yawan lokacinsa don gudanarwa, ya jagoranci ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Turanci Chamber. Ya gudanar da karshen ba kawai a na'ura wasan bidiyo, amma kuma a cikin kayan aiki, bayan da ya yi, a tsakanin sauran ayyuka, kusan duk Mozart ta concertos. Tun farkon shekarun 70s, gudanarwa da kunna piano sun mamaye kusan wuri daidai a cikin ayyukansa. Yana yin wasan bidiyo na mafi kyawun makaɗa a duniya, na ɗan lokaci yana jagorantar ƙungiyar makaɗa ta Paris Symphony kuma, tare da wannan, yana aiki da yawa a matsayin ɗan wasan pian. Yanzu ya tara babban repertoire, ciki har da dukan concertos da sonatas na Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms, da yawa ayyukan Liszt, Mendelssohn, Chopin, Schumann. Bari mu kara da cewa shi ne daya daga cikin na farko kasashen waje masu wasan kwaikwayo na Prokofiev's Ninth Sonata, ya rubuta wasan violin na Beethoven a cikin tsarin piano na marubucin (shi da kansa yana jagorantar ƙungiyar makaɗa).

Barenboim yana yin wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa tare da Fischer-Dieskau, mawaƙa Baker, shekaru da yawa yana wasa tare da matarsa, Jacqueline Dupré (wanda yanzu ya bar mataki saboda rashin lafiya), da kuma a cikin uku tare da ita da violinist P. Zuckerman. Wani abin lura a cikin rayuwar kide-kide na London shine zagayowar kide-kide na tarihi "Masterpieces of Piano Music" da ya ba shi daga Mozart zuwa Liszt (lokacin 1979/80). Duk wannan da sake tabbatar da babban suna na mai zane. Amma a lokaci guda, har yanzu akwai jin wani nau'in rashin gamsuwa, na damar da ba a yi amfani da su ba. Yana wasa kamar mawaƙi mai kyau da ƙwararrun pianist, yana tunanin "kamar madugu a piano", amma wasansa har yanzu ba shi da iska, ƙarfin lallashi da ake buƙata don babban soloist, ba shakka, idan kun kusanci shi tare da ma'aunin ma'aunin wannan. gwanin ban mamaki na wannan mawaki ya nuna. Da alama ko a yau basirarsa ta yi wa masu son kiɗan alƙawari fiye da yadda take ba su, aƙalla a fagen pianism. Wataƙila wannan zato an ƙarfafa shi ne kawai da sababbin muhawara bayan yawon shakatawa na kwanan nan na mai zane a cikin USSR, tare da shirye-shiryen solo da kuma shugaban kungiyar Orchestra na Paris.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990