Veronika Ivanovna Borisenko |

Veronika Borisenko

Muryar mawakiyar ta shahara ga masoyan opera na manya da na tsakiya. Sau da yawa ana sake fitar da faifan bidiyo na Veronika Ivanovna akan rikodin phonograph (an sake fitar da rikodi da yawa a CD), ana jin su a rediyo, a cikin kide-kide.

An haifi Vera Ivanovna a shekara ta 1918 a Belarus, a ƙauyen Bolshiye Nemki, gundumar Vetka. 'Yar ma'aikacin jirgin kasa da mai saƙa na Belarushiyanci, da farko ba ta yi mafarkin zama mawaƙa ba. Gaskiya ne, an kai ta zuwa mataki kuma, bayan kammala karatun shekaru bakwai, Veronika ya shiga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na matasa a Gomel. A lokacin da mawaƙan ke koyan waƙoƙin jama'a don bukukuwan Oktoba, muryarta mai haske ta toshe sautin mawaƙa cikin sauƙi. Shugaban ƙungiyar mawaƙa, darektan Kwalejin Kiɗa na Gomel, ya jawo hankali ga fitattun iyawar muryar yarinyar, wanda ya nace cewa Vera Ivanovna ta koyi raira waƙa. A cikin ganuwar wannan cibiyar ilimi ne aka fara ilimin kiɗa na mawaƙa na gaba.

Jin godiya da ƙauna ga malaminta na farko, Vera Valentinovna Zaitseva, Veronika Ivanovna ta gudanar da dukan rayuwarta. "A cikin shekarar farko na karatu, ba a ba ni izinin yin waƙa ba sai dai motsa jiki wanda na maimaita sau da yawa," in ji Veronika Ivanovna. – Kuma kawai domin a kalla da ɗan tarwatsa da kuma canza, Vera Valentinovna yarda da ni in rera Dargomyzhsky ta romance "Ina bakin ciki" a farkon shekara ta azuzuwan. Ina bin malamina na farko kuma na fi so ikon yin aiki a kaina." Sa'an nan Veronika Ivanovna ya shiga cikin Belarushiyanci Conservatory a Minsk, yana mai da kansa gabaɗaya ga rera waƙa, wanda a lokacin ya zama sana'arta. Babban Yaƙin Kishin Ƙasa ya katse waɗannan azuzuwan, kuma Borisenko yana cikin ƙungiyoyin kide-kide kuma ya je gaba don yin wasan kwaikwayo a wurin a gaban sojojinmu. Sa'an nan aka aika ta zuwa gama karatu a Sverdlovsk a Ural Conservatory mai suna MP Mussorgsky. Veronika Ivanovna fara yin a kan mataki na Sverdlovsk Opera da Ballet Theater. Ta fara halarta ta farko a matsayin Ganna a cikin "Mayu Night", kuma hankalin masu sauraro yana jan hankalin ba kawai ta hanyar sararin samaniya ba, har ma, musamman, ta hanyar kyawawan sautin muryarta. A hankali, matashin mawaƙin ya fara samun gogewar mataki. A 1944, Borisenko koma Kyiv Opera da kuma Ballet gidan wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma a watan Disamba 1946 ta aka shigar a cikin Bolshoi Theatre, inda ta yi aiki tare da wani gajeren hutu na shekaru uku har 1977, a kan mataki na wanda ya samu nasarar rera sassan Ganna. ("May Night"), Polina ("Sarauniyar Spades"), Lyubasha "Amaryar Tsar"), Gruni ("Ƙarfin Abokan Ƙirar"). Musamman Vera Ivanovna a farkon mataki na wasanni a Bolshoi nasara a cikin part da kuma image na Konchakovna a Prince Igor, wanda ake bukata musamman wuya daga actress. A cikin ɗaya daga cikin wasiƙun, AP Borodin ya nuna cewa "an zana shi zuwa waƙa, cantilena." Wannan buri na babban mawaki ya fito fili kuma ya bayyana a cikin sanannen cavatina na Konchakovna. Kasancewa ga mafi kyawun shafukan wasan opera na duniya, wannan cavatina yana da ban mamaki saboda kyawunsa mai ban mamaki da sassaucin waƙar ado. Ayyukan Borisenko (an adana rikodin) shaida ba kawai na cikakkiyar ƙwarewar murya ba, har ma da ma'anar salon salon da ke cikin mawaƙa.

Bisa ga memoirs na ta abokan aiki, Veronika Ivanovna yi aiki tare da babbar sha'awa a kan sauran haruffa a Rasha classic opera. Ƙaunar ta a cikin "Mazepa" tana cike da kuzari, ƙishirwa don aiki, wannan shine ainihin abin da Kochubey ya yi. Har ila yau, actress ya yi aiki tuƙuru don ƙirƙirar hotuna masu ƙarfi da haske na Spring-Red a cikin Snow Maiden da Grunya a cikin A. Serov's opera Enemy Force, wanda a lokacin yana kan mataki na Bolshoi Theatre. Har ila yau, Veronika Ivanovna ya ƙaunaci siffar Lyubava, ta ce game da aikinta a Sadko: "Kowace rana na fara ƙauna da fahimtar hoton Lyubava Buslaevna, matar Novgorod Gusler Sadko, da dai sauransu. Mai tawali'u, ƙauna, wahala, tana nunawa a cikin kanta duk siffofin mace mai gaskiya da sauƙi, mai laushi da aminci.

Repertoire na VI Borisenko kuma ya haɗa da sassa daga repertoire na yammacin Turai. Ayyukanta a "Aida" (jam'iyyar Amneris) an lura da su musamman. Mawaƙin da basira ya nuna nau'o'i daban-daban na wannan hadadden hoton - girman kai na girman kai na gimbiya mai girman kai da wasan kwaikwayo na abubuwan da ta dace. Veronika Ivanovna ya ba da hankali sosai ga salon repertoire. Sau da yawa ta yi wasan kwaikwayo ta Glinka da Dargomyzhsky, Tchaikovsky da Rachmaninov, ayyukan Handel, Weber, Liszt da Massenet.

Hotuna na VI Borisenko:

1. J. Bizet "Carmen" - wani ɓangare na Carmen, rikodin Soviet na biyu na opera a 1953, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theater, jagoran VV Nebolsin (abokan tarayya - G. Nelepp, E. Shumskaya, Al. Ivanov da sauransu). ). (A halin yanzu, kamfanin "Quadro" na gida ya fito da rikodin akan CD).
2. A. Borodin "Prince Igor" - wani ɓangare na Konchakovna, na biyu Soviet rikodi na opera a 1949, mawaƙa da makada na Bolshoi Theater, shugaba - A. Sh. Melik-Pashaev (abokan tarayya - An. Ivanov, E. Smolenskaya, S. Lemeshev, A. Pirogov, M. Reizen da sauransu). (Melodiya ta sake fitar da ita ta ƙarshe akan rikodin phonograph a cikin 1981)
3. J. Verdi "Rigoletto" - sashi na Maddalena, wanda aka rubuta a 1947, ƙungiyar mawaƙa GABT, ƙungiyar mawaƙa VR, jagoran SA Samosud (abokin tarayya - An. Ivanov, I. Kozlovsky, I. Maslennikova, V. Gavryushov, da dai sauransu). (Yanzu ana fitowa a CD a ketare)
4. A. Dargomyzhsky "Mermaid" - wani ɓangare na Princess, rubuta a 1958, mawaƙa da makada na Bolshoi Theater, shugaba E. Svetlanov (abokan tarayya - Al. Krivchenya, E. Smolenskaya, I. Kozlovsky, M. Miglau da sauransu). (Sakin ƙarshe - "Melody", tsakiyar 80s akan rikodin gramophone)
5. M. Mussorgsky "Boris Godunov" - wani ɓangare na Schinkarka, wanda aka rubuta a 1962, mawaƙa da mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theater, shugaba A. Sh. Melik-Pashaev (abokan tarayya - I. Petrov, G. Shulpin, M. Reshetin, V. Ivanovsky, I. Arkhipova, E. Kibkalo, Al. Ivanov da sauransu). (Yanzu ana fitowa a CD a ketare)
6. N. Rimsky-Korsakov "May Night" - wani ɓangare na Ganna, wanda aka rubuta a 1948, mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theater, jagoran VV Nebolsin (abokan tarayya - S. Lemeshev, S. Krasovsky, I. Maslennikova, E. Verbitskaya, P. Volovov da dai sauransu). (An sake shi a CD a ƙasashen waje)
7. N. Rimsky-Korsakov "The Snow Maiden" - wani ɓangare na Spring, da aka rubuta a 1957, mawaƙa da mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theater, shugaba E. Svetlanov (abokan tarayya - V. Firsova, G. Vishnevskaya, Al. Krivchenya, L. Avdeeva). Yu. Galkin da sauransu). (CDs na cikin gida da na waje)
8. P. Tchaikovsky "Sarauniyar Spades" - wani ɓangare na Polina, rikodi na uku na Soviet na 1948, mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theater, jagoran A. Sh. Melik-Pashaev (abokan tarayya - G. Nelepp, E. Smolenskaya, P. Lisitsian, E. Verbitskaya, Al Ivanov da sauransu). (CDs na cikin gida da na waje)
9. P. Tchaikovsky "The Enchantress" - wani ɓangare na Princess, rubuta a 1955, VR mawaƙa da mawaƙa, haɗin gwiwa rikodi na soloists na Bolshoi Theater da VR, shugaba SA Samosud (abokan tarayya - N. Sokolova, G. Nelepp, M. Kiselev). , A. Korolev, P. Pontryagin da sauransu). (Lokaci na ƙarshe da aka sake shi akan rikodin gramophone "Melodiya" a ƙarshen 70s)