Vadim Salmanov |

Vadim Salmanov

V. Salmanov fitaccen mawaƙin Soviet ne, marubucin mawallafin mawaƙa, mawaƙa, kayan aikin ɗaki da ayyukan murya. Wakarsa ta oratoriSha biyu"(a cewar A. Blok) da kuma zagayowar choral" Lebedushka ", symphonies da quartets sun zama na gaske cin nasara na Soviet music.

Salmanov girma a cikin wani m iyali, inda music aka kullum kunna. Mahaifinsa, injiniyan ƙarfe ta hanyar sana'a, ɗan wasan pian ne mai kyau kuma a cikin lokacinsa na kyauta yana buga ayyukan da mawaƙa da yawa a gida: daga JS Bach zuwa F. Liszt da F. Chopin, daga M. Glinka zuwa S. Rachmaninoff. Da yake lura da iyawar ɗansa, mahaifinsa ya fara gabatar masa da darussan kiɗa na yau da kullun tun yana ɗan shekara 6, kuma yaron, ba tare da juriya ba, ya yi biyayya ga nufin mahaifinsa. Ba da daɗewa ba kafin matashin, mawaƙa mai ban sha'awa ya shiga ɗakin ajiyar, mahaifinsa ya mutu, kuma Vadim mai shekaru goma sha bakwai ya tafi aiki a wata ma'aikata, kuma daga baya ya koyi ilimin kimiyyar ruwa. Amma wata rana, da ya ziyarci wasan kwaikwayo na E. Gilels, yana jin daɗin abin da ya ji, ya yanke shawarar sadaukar da kansa ga kiɗa. Ganawa tare da mawaki A. Gladkovsky ya ƙarfafa wannan yanke shawara a cikinsa: a cikin 1936, Salmanov ya shiga Leningrad Conservatory a cikin aji na M. Gnesin da kayan aiki na M. Steinberg.

Salmanov ya girma a cikin hadisai na makarantar St. Daga ayyukan dalibi, 3 romances sun tsaya a St. A, Blok – Mawaƙin da Salmanov ya fi so, Suite for String Orchestra da Little Symphony, wanda a cikinsa an riga an bayyana sifofin mutum ɗaya na salon mawaƙa.

Da farkon Babban Patriotic War Salmanov ya tafi gaba. Ayyukansa na kirkire-kirkire sun sake komawa bayan karshen yakin. Tun 1951, pedagogical aiki a Leningrad Conservatory fara da kuma yana har zuwa karshen shekaru na rayuwarsa. Fiye da shekaru goma da rabi, 3 kirtani quartets da 2 trios an haɗa su, hoton symphonic "Forest", waƙar waƙar murya mai suna "Zoya", 2 symphonies (1952, 1959), ɗakin wasan kwaikwayo "Hotunan Poetic" (bisa ga Littattafan GX Andersen), oratorio – waƙar “Sha Biyu” (1957), zagayowar mawaƙa “… But the Heart Beats” (a kan ayar N. Hikmet), litattafai da yawa na soyayya, da sauransu. A cikin ayyukan waɗannan shekaru. , Ma'anar mawaƙin yana da ladabi - yana da ɗa'a sosai da kyakkyawan fata a cikin tushensa. Asalinsa ya ta'allaka ne a cikin tabbatar da zurfafan dabi'u na ruhaniya waɗanda ke taimaka wa mutum ya shawo kan bincike da gogewa masu raɗaɗi. A lokaci guda kuma, an bayyana sifofin mutum ɗaya na salon: an watsar da fassarar al'ada na sonata allegro a cikin zagayowar sonata-symphony kuma sake zagayowar kanta; da rawar da polyphonic, mikakke motsi na muryoyin a cikin ci gaban da jigogi da aka inganta (wanda take kaiwa da marubucin a nan gaba zuwa Organic aiwatar da serial dabara), da dai sauransu The Rasha taken sauti haske a Borodino ta farko Symphony, almara a cikin ra'ayi, da sauran abubuwan da aka tsara. Matsayin jama'a yana bayyana a fili a cikin waƙar oratorio-waƙar "Sha Biyu".

Tun shekarar 1961, Salmanov aka hada da dama ayyuka ta amfani da serial dabaru. Waɗannan su ne quartets daga uku zuwa shida (1961-1971), na uku Symphony (1963), da Sonata for String Orchestra da Piano, da dai sauransu Duk da haka, wadannan k'agaggen ba su zana kaifi layi a Salmanov ta m juyin halitta: ya gudanar. don amfani da sababbin hanyoyin fasaha na mawaƙa ba a matsayin ƙarshen kansa ba, amma a zahiri haɗa su cikin tsarin hanyoyin harshen kiɗan nasu, suna ƙarƙashin su ga ƙirar akida, alama da ƙirar ayyukansu. Irin wannan, alal misali, shine na uku, wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki - mafi hadaddun aikin mawaƙa na mawaƙa.

Tun tsakiyar 60s. wani sabon zare ya fara, lokacin kololuwa a cikin aikin mawaki. Kamar yadda ba a taɓa yin irinsa ba, yana aiki tuƙuru da ƴaƴa, yana tsara mawaƙa, soyayya, kiɗan kayan ɗaki, Symphony na huɗu (1976). Salon mutum ɗaya ya kai mafi girman mutunci, yana taƙaita binciken shekaru da yawa da suka gabata. "Jigon Rasha" ya sake bayyana, amma a cikin wani nau'i na daban. Mawaƙin ya juya zuwa ga rubutun waƙoƙin jama'a kuma, farawa daga gare su, ya ƙirƙiri nasa waƙoƙin waƙoƙin jama'a. Irin wannan kide kide da kide kide ne "na swan" (1967) da "abokin kirki" (1972). Wasan kwaikwayo na huɗu shine sakamakon haɓakar kiɗan kiɗan Salmanov; a lokaci guda, wannan shi ne sabon abin da ya kirkiro. Zagayen sassa uku yana mamaye da hotuna masu haske na waƙa-philosophic.

A tsakiyar 70s. Salmanov ya rubuta romances zuwa kalmomin mawaƙin Vologda mai basira N. Rubtsov. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin ayyukan karshe na mawaƙa, yana isar da duka sha'awar mutum don sadarwa tare da yanayi, da tunani na falsafa game da rayuwa.

Ayyukan Salmanov suna nuna mana mai girma, mai tsanani kuma mai gaskiya wanda ke ɗaukar zuciya da kuma bayyana rikice-rikice na rayuwa a cikin kiɗansa, ko da yaushe ya kasance da gaskiya ga matsayi mai girma da ɗabi'a.

T. Ershov