Velvet contralto murya. Menene babban sirrin shahararsa?

Contralto yana ɗaya daga cikin fitattun muryoyin mata. Sautin ƙaramar sautinsa yawanci ana kwatanta shi da cello. Wannan muryar ba ta da yawa a cikin yanayi, don haka yana da daraja sosai don kyawawan timbre da kuma gaskiyar cewa zai iya kaiwa mafi ƙasƙanci bayanin kula ga mata.

Wannan muryar tana da sifofin samuwarta. Mafi sau da yawa ana iya ƙayyade shi bayan shekaru 14 ko 18. Muryar contralto ta mace galibi tana samuwa ne daga muryoyin yara biyu: ƙaramin alto, wanda tun yana ƙarami yana da ma'anar rajistar ƙirji, ko kuma soprano mai tsini mara ƙarfi.

Yawancin lokaci, ta hanyar samartaka, muryar farko ta sami kyakkyawan sauti mai kyau tare da rikodin ƙirji mai laushi, kuma na biyu, ba zato ba tsammani ga kowa da kowa, yana faɗaɗa kewayon sa kuma ya fara sauti mai kyau bayan samartaka.

Yawancin 'yan mata suna mamakin canje-canje da kuma gaskiyar cewa kewayon ya zama ƙasa, kuma muryar ta sami kyawawan ƙananan bayanan bayanan.

Halin da ke biyo baya yakan faru: Bayan haka, bayan kimanin shekaru 14, suna haɓaka bayanan ƙirjin ƙirji da sautin mace, wanda shine halayyar contralto. Rijista na sama a hankali ya zama mara launi da rashin fahimta, yayin da ƙananan bayanin kula, akasin haka, sami kyakkyawan sautin ƙirji.

Ba kamar mezzo-soprano ba, irin wannan nau'in contralto a cikin sauti yana kama da ba muryar yarinya mai arziki ba, amma muryar mace mai girma sosai, wanda ya girmi shekarunta na kalanda. Idan muryar mezzo-soprano ta yi sauti mai laushi, amma mai arziki sosai kuma kyakkyawa, to contralto yana da ɗan ƙarar ƙara wanda matsakaicin muryar mace ba ta da shi.

Misali na irin wannan murya shine mawaƙa Vera Brezhnev. Tun tana karama, tana da babbar murya ta soprano wacce, ba kamar sauran muryoyin yara ba, kamar maras magana da launi. Idan a lokacin samartaka, soprano na sauran 'yan mata kawai ya sami ƙarfi kuma ya zama mai arziki a cikin timbre, kyakkyawa da bayanin ƙirji, to, launukan muryar Vera a hankali sun rasa bayyanar su, amma rajistan kirji ya fadada.

Kuma a lokacin da ta balaga, ta sami wata magana mai ma'ana mai ma'ana, mai sauti mai zurfi da asali. Ana iya jin misali mai ban mamaki na irin wannan murya a cikin waƙoƙin "Taimaka Ni" da "Kyakkyawan Rana".

Wani nau'in contralto yana samuwa a cikin yara. Waɗannan muryoyin suna da ƙaƙƙarfan sauti kuma galibi suna raira waƙa a matsayin altos a cikin ƙungiyar mawakan makaranta. A lokacin samartaka, sun zama mezzo-sopranos da sopranos na ban mamaki, wasu kuma suna girma zuwa zurfin contralto. A cikin maganganun magana, irin waɗannan muryoyin suna jin rashin kunya da sauti kamar maza.

’Yan mata masu irin wannan murya a wasu lokatai su kan yi musu ba’a daga takwarorinsu, kuma galibi ana kiransu da sunayen maza. A lokacin samartaka, irin wannan nau'in contralto ya zama mai arziki da ƙasa, ko da yake gunkin maza ba ya ɓacewa. Yana da wuya a fahimta sau da yawa a cikin rikodin wanda ke waƙa, saurayi ko yarinya. Idan sauran altos sun zama mezzo-sopranos ko sopranos na ban mamaki, to, rajistan kirji na contralto yana buɗewa. Yawancin 'yan mata har sun fara alfahari cewa za su iya kwafin muryar maza cikin sauƙi.

Misali na irin wannan contralto zai zama Irina Zabiyaka, yarinya daga kungiyar "Chile", wanda ko da yaushe yana da ƙananan murya. Af, ta yi karatun vocals na ilimi shekaru da yawa, wanda ya ba ta damar bayyana yanayinta.

Wani misali na m contralto, wanda aka kafa bayan shekaru 18, shi ne muryar Nadezhda Babkina. Tun yana yarinya, ta rera waka alto, kuma lokacin da ta shiga cikin ɗakin ajiya, furofesoshi sun gano muryarta a matsayin mezzo-soprano mai ban mamaki. Amma a karshen karatun ta, ƙananan kewayon ta ya ƙaru kuma tun tana da shekaru 24 ta sami kyakkyawar murya na mace.

A cikin wasan opera, irin wannan muryar ba kasafai ba ce, tun da ba a cika ka'idojin ilimi da yawa ba. Don waƙar opera, contralto dole ne ba kawai ya zama ƙasa da ƙasa ba, har ma da sauti mai bayyanawa ba tare da makirufo ba, kuma irin waɗannan muryoyin masu ƙarfi ba safai ba ne. Shi ya sa ‘yan mata masu muryoyin da ba su dace ba ke zuwa yin waka a kan fage ko jazz.

A cikin waƙar choral, ƙananan muryoyin za su kasance a cikin buƙata koyaushe, kamar yadda altos tare da kyawawan ƙananan timbre suna cikin ƙarancin wadata koyaushe.

Af, a cikin jazz shugabanci akwai ƙarin contraltos, saboda musamman musamman na music ba kawai damar da su da kyau bayyana su na halitta timbre, amma kuma su yi wasa da muryar su a sassa daban-daban na kewayon. Akwai musamman da yawa contraltos tsakanin Ba-Amurke ko matan mulatto.

Timbre na musamman na kirji a cikin kansa ya zama kayan ado ga kowane abun da ke cikin jazz ko waƙar rai. Wani mashahurin wakilin irin wannan murya shine Toni Braxton, wanda duk wani mawaƙa ba zai iya rera waƙa da kyau ba "Karfafa zuciyata", ko da da murya mara ƙarfi.

A kan mataki, ana darajar contralto don kyakkyawan timbre mai laushi da sautin mata. A cewar masana ilimin halayyar dan adam, a cikin hankali suna ƙarfafa amincewa, amma, rashin alheri, yawancin 'yan mata da yawa suna rikitar da su da muryoyin hayaki. A haƙiƙa, yana da sauƙi a rarrabe irin wannan muryar daga ƙaramar timbre: muryoyin hayaƙi suna sauti maras ban sha'awa da rashin fahimta idan aka kwatanta da ƙarancin ƙaƙƙarfan hali na contralto.

Za a ji mawaƙa masu irin waɗannan muryoyin a cikin babban falo, ko da sun yi waƙa a cikin rada. Muryoyin 'yan matan da ke shan taba sun zama maras ban sha'awa da rashin fahimta, sun rasa launin su kuma ba a jin su a cikin zauren. Maimakon ƙwaƙƙwaran mata masu arziki da bayyanawa, sun zama marasa fahimta kuma yana da wuya a gare su su yi wasa a kan nuances, canjawa daga sauti mai laushi zuwa ƙararrawa lokacin da ake bukata, da dai sauransu. Kuma a cikin kiɗan pop na zamani, muryoyin hayaki sun dade sun kasance. daga fashion.

Sau da yawa ana samun muryar contralto na mace a wurare daban-daban. A cikin opera, mashahuran mawaƙa na contralto sune Pauline Viardot, Sonya Prina, Natalie Stutzman da sauransu.

Daga cikin mawaƙa na Rasha, Irina Allegrova, singer Verona, Irina Zabiyaka (soloist na kungiyar "Chili"), Anita Tsoi (musamman ji a cikin song "Sky"), Vera Brezhnev da Angelica Agurbash na da zurfi da kuma m contralto timbre.