Yadda ake zabar hanyar haɗin sauti (katin sauti)

Contents

Wanne dubawa kuke buƙata: zaɓi ta sigogi
Adadin abubuwan shigarwa/fitarwa
Nau'in haɗin
Kyakkyawar sauti
Yadda ake zabar abin dubawa mai jiwuwa
Misalan Interface Mai Sauti

Me yasa kuke buƙatar ƙirar sauti? Kwamfuta ta riga tana da ginannen katin sauti, me zai hana a yi amfani da shi? Gabaɗaya, i, wannan ma abin dubawa ne, amma don aiki mai tsanani tare da sauti, ƙarfin ginanniyar katin sauti bai isa ba. Lebur, sauti mai arha da iyakancewar haɗin kai suna sa shi kusan rashin amfani idan ya zo rikodi da sarrafawa kiɗa.

Yawancin katunan sauti na yau da kullun suna da sanye take da shigarwar layi ɗaya don haɗa na'urar mai jiwuwa da sauran kayan aiki iri ɗaya. Kamar yadda aka fitar, akwai, a matsayin doka, fitarwa don belun kunne da / ko masu magana da gida.

Ko da ba ku da manyan tsare-tsare kuma kuna son yin rikodin muryar ku kawai ko, alal misali, guitar lantarki, katunan da aka gina a sauƙaƙe. ba su da masu haɗin da ake bukata . A Reno yana bukatar wani Mai haɗin XLR , kuma guitar tana buƙatar shigarwar kayan aikin hi-Z ( high impedance shigar). Hakanan zaka buƙaci fitarwa mai inganci wanda zai baka damar saka idanu da kuma gyara rikodin ku ta amfani da lasifika da/ko belun kunne. Abubuwan da ke da inganci za su tabbatar da haifuwar sauti ba tare da hayaniyar da ba ta wuce gona da iri ba, tare da ƙananan ƙimar latency - watau, a matakin da ba a samu don mafi yawan daidaitattun katunan sauti ba.

A cikin wannan labarin, masana na kantin sayar da "Student" za su gaya muku yadda ake zabar katin sauti abin da kuke buƙata, kuma kada ku biya kari a lokaci guda.

Wanne dubawa kuke buƙata: zaɓi ta sigogi

Zaɓin musaya yana da kyau, akwai kaɗan mabuɗan dalilai wanda ya kamata ku mayar da hankali kan lokacin zabar samfurin da ya dace. Don haka ku tambayi kanku tambayoyi:

Nawa nawa abubuwan shigar da sauti/saudio nake buƙata?
Wane irin haɗin kai zuwa kwamfuta/na'urorin waje nake buƙata?
Wane ingancin sauti zai dace da ni?
Nawa nake shirye in kashe?

Adadin abubuwan shigarwa/fitarwa

Wannan yana daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci la'akari a lokacin da zabar audio dubawa. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa kuma duk sun bambanta. Samfuran matakin-shigarwa su ne masu mu'amalar tebur guda biyu masu sauƙi masu iya yin rikodi lokaci guda kawai biyu tushen sauti na mono ko ɗaya a cikin sitiriyo. A gefe guda, akwai tsare-tsare masu ƙarfi waɗanda za su iya sarrafa dubun-dubatar lokaci guda har ma da ɗaruruwan tashoshi tare da adadi mai yawa na abubuwan shigar da sauti. Duk ya dogara da abin da kuke shirin yin rikodin - yanzu da kuma nan gaba.

Ga mawaƙan waƙa masu amfani Microphones don yin rikodin murya da guitar, ma'auni guda biyu Reno abubuwan shigarwa sun wadatar. Idan daya daga cikin Microphones nau'in na'urar na'ura ce, za ku buƙaci shigarwa mai ƙarfin fatalwa. Idan kuna son yin rikodin guitar sitiriyo da muryoyin murya a lokaci guda, abubuwa biyu ba za su isa ba , za ku buƙaci mu'amala tare da bayanai guda huɗu. Idan kuna shirin yin rikodin guitar lantarki, guitar bass, ko maɓallan lantarki kai tsaye zuwa na'urar rikodi, kuna buƙatar high-impedance shigar da kayan aiki (mai lakabin hi-Z)

Kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa samfurin dubawar da aka zaɓa shine mai jituwa da kwamfutarka . Kodayake yawancin samfuran suna aiki akan duka MAC da PC, wasu suna dacewa da ɗaya ko ɗayan dandamali.

Nau'in haɗin

Saboda saurin haɓakar shaharar rikodin sauti ta hanyar kwamfutoci da na'urorin iOS, an tsara mu'amalar sauti na zamani don samar da cikakkiyar dacewa da kowane nau'in dandamali, tsarin aiki da software. A ƙasa akwai wanda yafi kowa nau'ikan haɗin gwiwa:

Kebul: A yau, tashoshin USB 2.0 da 3.0 suna samuwa akan kusan dukkanin kwamfutoci. Yawancin hanyoyin sadarwa na USB ana amfani da su kai tsaye daga PC ko wata na'ura mai masaukin baki, yana sauƙaƙa saita zaman rikodi. Na'urorin iOS kuma da farko suna sadarwa tare da mu'amalar sauti ta tashar USB.

FireWire : An samo galibi akan kwamfutocin MAC kuma a cikin ƙirar ƙirar da aka tsara don aiki tare da na'urorin Apple. Yana ba da ƙimar canja wurin bayanai mai girma kuma yana da kyau don rikodin tashoshi da yawa. Masu PC kuma za su iya amfani da wannan tashar jiragen ruwa ta hanyar shigar da keɓaɓɓen allon faɗaɗa.

Tashar wuta ta wuta

tsãwa : Sabuwar fasahar haɗin kai mai sauri daga Intel. Ya zuwa yanzu, sabbin Macs ne kawai ke da Thunderbolt tashar jiragen ruwa, amma kuma ana iya amfani da ita akan kwamfutoci sanye take da zaɓin zaɓi tsãwa kati . Sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa tana ba da ƙimar ƙimar bayanai da ƙarancin aiki don biyan mafi tsananin buƙatu dangane da ingancin sauti na kwamfuta.

Thunderbolt tashar jiragen ruwa

PCI e ( PCI Bayyana): wanda aka samo shi kawai akan kwamfutocin tebur, saboda wannan ita ce tashar ta ciki ta katin sauti. Don haɗa PCI e sauti katin yana buƙatar dacewa kyauta PCI e slot, wanda ba ko da yaushe samuwa. Audio musaya masu aiki ta hanyar PCI e ana ɗora su a cikin wani rami na musamman kai tsaye a kan motherboard ɗin kwamfuta kuma suna iya musayar bayanai tare da shi a mafi girman saurin gudu kuma tare da mafi ƙarancin latency.

ESI Julia katin sauti tare da haɗin PCIe

ESI Julia katin sauti tare da PCIe connection

Kyakkyawar sauti

Ingantattun sautin mu'amalar sautin ku kai tsaye ya dogara akan farashin sa. A sakamakon haka, high-karshen model sanye take da dijital converters da mic preamps ba su da arha. Duk da haka, tare da duk cewa , idan ba muyi magana game da rikodin sauti da haɗuwa ba a matakin ɗakunan studio na ƙwararru, zaku iya samun samfura masu kyau don farashi mai ma'ana. A cikin kantin sayar da kan layi na ɗalibi, zaku iya saita tacewa ta farashi kuma zaɓi ƙirar mai jiwuwa gwargwadon kasafin ku. Matsaloli masu zuwa suna shafar ingancin sauti gabaɗaya:

Bit zurfin: yayin rikodin dijital, ana canza siginar analog ɗin zuwa dijital, watau cikin ragowa da bytes na bayanai. A taƙaice, mafi girman zurfin zurfin mahaɗar sauti (ƙarin ragowa ), mafi girman daidaiton sautin da aka yi rikodi idan aka kwatanta da na asali. Daidaito a cikin wannan yanayin yana nufin yadda "lambobi" ke sake haifar da sauye-sauye na sauti a cikin rashin hayaniyar da ba dole ba.

Karamin diski mai jiwuwa na al'ada (CD) yana amfani da 16 -bit boye-boye na audio don samar da a kewayon tsauri da 96 dB. Abin takaici, matakin amo a cikin rikodin sauti na dijital yana da girma sosai, don haka 16- bit faifan bidiyo ba makawa za su nuna hayaniya a sassan shuru. 24 -bit bit zurfin ya zama ma'auni don rikodin sauti na dijital na zamani, wanda ke ba da a kewayon tsauri na 144 dB in babu kusan kowane amo da kuma mai kyau amplitude iyaka don rikodi masu banƙyama mai ƙarfi. Na 24 -bit audio dubawa ba ka damar yin rikodin a fiye da ƙwararrun matakin.

Matsakaicin samfuri (Yawan samfurin): in mun gwada da magana, wannan shine adadin dijital “snapshots” na sauti kowane raka’a na lokaci. Ana auna ƙimar a cikin hertz ( Hz ). Yawan samfur na daidaitaccen CD shine 44.1 kHz, wanda ke nufin na'urar ku ta dijital tana aiwatar da “hanyoyi 44,100” na siginar sauti mai shigowa cikin dakika 1. A ka'idar, wannan yana nufin cewa tsarin rikodi yana da ikon ɗaukar mita a ciki kewayon e har zuwa 22.5 kHz, wanda ya fi girma kewayonfahimtar kunnen mutum. Duk da haka, a gaskiya, duk abin ba haka ba ne mai sauƙi. Ba tare da shiga cikin cikakkun bayanai na fasaha ba, ya kamata a lura cewa, kamar yadda nazarin ya nuna, tare da karuwa a cikin samfurin samfurin, ingancin sauti yana inganta sosai. Dangane da wannan, yawancin ɗakunan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun suna aiwatar da rikodin sauti tare da ƙimar ƙima na 48, 96 har ma da 192 kHz.

Da zarar kun ƙayyade ingancin sautin da kuke so, tambaya ta gaba ta taso a zahiri: ta yaya kuke niyyar yin amfani da waƙar da aka yi rikodi. Idan kuna shirin yin demos da raba su tare da abokai ko mawaƙa, to 16 -bit / 44.1kHz audio interface shine hanyar da za a bi. Idan tsare-tsaren ku sun haɗa da rikodin kasuwanci, sarrafa phonogram na studio da sauran ayyukan ƙwararru ko ƙasa da haka, muna ba ku shawarar siyan 24 -bit dubawa tare da mitar samfur na 96 kHz don samun sauti mai inganci.