Tsanani kuma salon kyauta a cikin polyphony

Polyphony nau'in nau'i ne na polyphony dangane da haɗuwa da haɓaka lokaci guda na karin waƙa biyu ko fiye masu zaman kansu. A cikin Polyphy, yayin aiwatar da ci gaban sa, an kafa salo biyu kuma an inganta: tsayayye da kyauta.

Salo mai tsauri ko tsayayyen rubutu a cikin polyphony

An daidaita salo mai tsauri a cikin murya da kiɗan kiɗa na ƙarni na 15-16 (ko da yake polyphony kanta, ba shakka, ya tashi da yawa a baya). Wannan yana nufin cewa takamaiman tsarin waƙar ya dogara da ƙarfin muryar ɗan adam.

An ƙayyade kewayon waƙar ta hanyar tessitura na muryar da aka yi nufin waƙar (yawanci kewayon bai wuce tazarar duodecimus ba). Anan, tsalle a kan ƙanana da manyan bakwai, raguwa da haɓaka tazara, waɗanda aka yi la'akari da rashin dacewa don waƙa, an cire su. Ci gaban daɗaɗɗen ya sami rinjaye da motsi mai santsi da mataki akan ma'aunin diatonic.

A ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan, tsarin rhythmic na tsarin ya zama mahimmanci na farko. Don haka, bambance-bambancen rhythmic a cikin ayyuka da yawa shine kawai ƙarfin haɓakar kiɗan.

Wakilan tsattsauran salon salon magana sune, misali, O. Lasso da G. Palestrina.

Salon kyauta ko rubutu kyauta a cikin polyphony

Salon kyauta a cikin polyphony ya haɓaka a cikin kayan aikin murya da kiɗan kayan aiki tun daga ƙarni na 17. Daga nan, wato, daga yuwuwar kidan kayan aiki, sautin kyauta da annashuwa ya zo na jigon waƙar, tunda ba ya dogara da kewayon muryar waƙa.

Ba kamar tsayayyen salon ba, ana ba da izinin tsalle-tsalle masu girma a nan. Babban zaɓi na raka'a rhythmic, da kuma amfani da tartsatsi na chromatic da sautunan da aka canza - duk wannan a cikin polyphony yana bambanta salon kyauta daga mai tsauri.

Ayyukan mashahuran mawaƙa Bach da Handel shine mafi girman salon kyauta a cikin polyphony. Kusan duk daga baya composers bi wannan hanya, misali, Mozart da Beethoven, Glinka da Tchaikovsky, Shostakovich (a hanya, ya kuma gwada da m polyphony) da kuma Shchedrin.

Don haka, bari mu gwada kwatanta waɗannan salo guda 2:

• Idan a cikin tsari mai tsauri jigon yana da tsaka tsaki kuma yana da wuyar tunawa, to, a cikin salon kyauta jigon waƙa ne mai haske wanda ke da sauƙin tunawa.
• Idan dabarar tsauraran rubuce-rubucen ta shafi kidan murya ne, to, a cikin salon kyauta nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan ma'a'ida ne daban-daban.
• Kiɗa a cikin tsauraran rubutun polyphonic a tsarin tsarin sa ya dogara da tsohuwar yanayin cocin, kuma a cikin mawakan rubutun polyphonic kyauta suna aiki da ƙarfi da babba akan manya da ƙanana tare da tsarin jituwa.
• Idan tsauraran salon yana da yanayin rashin tabbas na aiki kuma tsabta ta zo na musamman a cikin cadences, to a cikin salon kyauta an bayyana tabbacin a cikin ayyukan jituwa.

A cikin ƙarni na 17-18th, mawaƙa sun ci gaba da yin amfani da nau'ikan salo mai tsauri. Waɗannan su ne motet, bambance-bambance (ciki har da waɗanda suka dogara akan ostinato), ricercar, nau'ikan nau'ikan kwaikwayi iri-iri na chorale. Salon kyauta ya haɗa da fugue, da kuma nau'ikan nau'ikan da yawa waɗanda gabatarwar polyphonic ke hulɗa tare da tsarin homophonic.