Soyayya |

phonism (daga Girkanci ponn - sauti) - launi (ko hali) na sautin sautin kanta, ba tare da la'akari da ma'anar tonal-aiki ba (daidai da F. ra'ayi - ayyuka). Alal misali, f-as-c chord a cikin C-dur yana da bangarori biyu - mai aiki (yana da rashin kwanciyar hankali, kuma sautin saukar da matakin VI na yanayin yana da darajar darajar sautin nauyi) da phonic (wannan shine Ƙaƙƙarfan launi na ƙananan launi, sauti mai natsuwa, haka kuma, sautin ƙarami na uku yana mai da hankali a cikin kansa nau'in launi na duhu, shading, wani "inertia" na consonance). F. Hakanan zai iya zama sifa ta haɗuwar sautunan ƙira tare da sautunan da ba na tsinke ba. Idan an ƙayyade aikin ta hanyar rawar da aka ba da ita dangane da cibiyar tonal, to, F. yana ƙayyade ta tsarin tsarin sautin, tazarar sa, wurinsa, abun da ke cikin sauti, sau biyu na sautuna, rajista, tsawon lokacin sauti, oda. , kayan aiki, da dai sauransu dalilai. Misali, “canjin babban triad ta ƙaramin ɗaya daga cikin suna ɗaya… yana haifar da bambancin sauti mai haske” a cikin cikakkiyar rashin bambanci na aiki (Yu. N. Tyulin, 1976, 0.10; duba juyawa IV-IV> tare da kalmomin "ƙanshin su mai daɗi ya sa hankalina" a cikin soyayya SV Rachmaninov "A ta taga").

Fonic. Abubuwan haɗin kai sun kasance masu cin gashin kansu daga Ch. arr. tun zamanin romanticism (misali, yin amfani da sonority na ƙaramin mawaƙa na bakwai a cikin ma'anoni daban-daban a gabatarwar opera Tristan da Isolde). A cikin music con. 19- roqo. Karni na 20 Ph., a hankali an 'yantar da shi daga haɗin kai tare da haɗin gwiwarsa, ya juya zuwa al'ada biyu don jituwa na karni na 20. mamaki: 1) karuwa a cikin m muhimmancin wani consonance (misali, riga HA Rimsky-Korsakov a karshe scene na "The Snow Maiden" da gangan yi amfani da kawai manyan triads da rinjaye na biyu chords domin ya ba da mawaƙa "Haske". da Ikon Allah Yarila” wani launi na musamman mai haske da hasken rana) har zuwa ginin gabaɗayan aikin da ya dogara da guda ɗaya (waƙar waƙa ta “Prometheus” na Scriabin); 2) a cikin ƙa'idar jituwa na sonorous (timbre jituwa), misali. No 38 (Midnight) daga Prokofiev's Cinderella. Kalmar "F." wanda Tyulin ya gabatar.

References: Tyulin Yu. N., Koyarwa game da jituwa, L., 1937, M., 1966; nasa, Koyarwa game da nau'in kiɗan kiɗa da siffa mai ban sha'awa, (littafi na 1), Rubutun kiɗa, M., 1976; Mazel LA, Matsalolin jituwa na gargajiya, M., 1972; Bershadskaya TS, Laccoci a kan jituwa, L., 1978.

Yu. N. Kholopov