Nadezhda Iosifovna Golubovskaya |

Nadezhda Golubovskaya

A cikin shekarun da suka gabata kafin juyin juya hali, ƴan wasan pian na makarantar Conservatory na St. Haka ya kasance a 1914. Tunawa da wannan. S. Prokofiev ya rubuta daga baya: “Mai fafatawa da na yi shi ne Golubovskaya daga ajin Lyapunov, ƙwararren ƙwaƙƙwaran piano mai wayo.” Kuma ko da yake kyautar da aka bayar ga Prokofiev, ainihin kishiya tare da irin wannan pianist na farko (da kuma kima) yayi magana sosai. Glazunov kuma ya ja hankali ga iyawar ɗalibin, wanda ya sanya shigarwar mai zuwa a cikin mujallar jarrabawa: “Babban virtuoso ne kuma a lokaci guda gwanin kiɗa. Ayyukan da ke cike da iri-iri, alheri har ma da ilhama. " Baya ga Lyapunov, AA Rozanova shi ma malamin Golubovskaya. Ta sami darussa masu zaman kansu da yawa daga AN Esipova.

Ayyukan wasan pianist bayan kammala karatunsu daga ɗakin karatu sun haɓaka ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Tuni ta farko mai zaman kanta clavierabend a cikin bazara na 1917 (shirin ya hada da Bach, Vivaldi, Rameau, Couperin, Debussy, Ravel, Glazunov, Lyapunov, Prokofiev) ya sami kyakkyawan nazari daga V. Karatygin, wanda ya samo a cikin wasan Golubovskaya "mai yawa". waƙar da hankali, jin daɗin rai; Babban tsabtar rhythmic yana haɗuwa tare da sha'awar motsin rai da jin tsoro. Ba wai kawai wasan kwaikwayo na solo ya kawo mata shaharar ta ba, har ma da kida da kide-kide da kide-kide, da farko tare da mawakiya Z. Lodius, daga baya kuma tare da violinist M. Rayson (tare da ta karshen ta yi duk goma na violin sonatas na Beethoven). Bugu da ƙari, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ta kuma yi a matsayin mawaƙa, wasan kwaikwayo na mawaƙa na karni na 3. Kiɗa na tsohuwar masters koyaushe yana jawo hankalin Golubovskaya kusa. E. Bronfin ya ce game da wannan: “Mallakar waƙar da ta haɗa da kiɗan piano na zamani daban-daban, makarantu na ƙasa, yanayi da salo, mallakar baiwar zurfin shiga cikin duniyar waƙar mawaki, mai pianist, wataƙila, ta bayyana a fili a fili. kiɗan mawaƙa na Faransanci, a cikin ayyukan Mozart da Schubert. Lokacin da ta buga guntuwar Couperin, Daquin, Rameau (da kuma ƴan budurwa na Ingilishi) akan piano na zamani, ta sami nasarar cimma sauti na musamman na musamman - bayyananne, bayyananne, mai bayyana murya… tabawa da hali da gangan bi gabatar a cikin wannan music , fassara su a matsayin duniya al'amuran cike da rayuwa, kamar yadda poetically wahayi wuri mai faɗi zane zane, hoto miniatures, imbued da dabara psychologism. A lokaci guda kuma, haɗin gwiwar mawaƙan mawaƙa tare da Debussy da Ravel sun zama abin zahiri tare da matuƙar bayyane.

Ba da da ewa bayan nasarar juyin juya halin Oktoba na Golubovskaya akai-akai ya bayyana a gaban sabon masu sauraro a kan jiragen ruwa, a cikin kulake na ruwa da asibitoci. A 1921, Leningrad Philharmonic aka shirya, da kuma Golubovskaya nan da nan ya zama daya daga cikin manyan soloists. Tare da manyan madugu, ta yi a nan da piano concertos na Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, Scriabin, Balakirev, Lyapunov. A 1923 Golubovskaya yawon shakatawa a Berlin. Masu sauraron Moscow ma sun san ta sosai. A cikin wani bita da K. Grimikh (mujallar Kiɗa da juyin juya hali) ta yi na ɗaya daga cikin kide-kiden da take yi a ƙaramin Hall na Conservatory na Moscow, mun karanta cewa: “Irin ƙwaƙƙwaran kirki na ɗan wasan pian ɗin yana da ɗan iyaka, amma a cikin iyakarta, Golubovskaya ya tabbatar da cewa. ya zama babban malami a aji kuma mai fasaha na gaskiya. Makaranta mai kyau, ƙwarewar sauti mai ban sha'awa, fasaha mai ban sha'awa mai kyau, ma'anar salon salo, babban al'adun kiɗa da fasaha da fasaha na mai fasaha - waɗannan su ne kyawawan dabi'u na Golubovskaya.

Golubovskaya ya taɓa cewa: "Ina kunna kiɗan da ta fi yadda ake iya kunna ta." Domin duk wannan, repertore nata ya kasance mai faɗi sosai, gami da na gargajiya da na zamani da yawa. Mozart ita ce marubucin da ta fi so. Bayan 1948, pianist da wuya ba da kide kide da wake-wake, amma idan ta tafi a kan mataki, ta mafi sau da yawa juya zuwa Mozart. Da yake tantance zurfin fahimtar mai zane game da salon Mozart, da kuma aikin wasu mawaƙa, M. Bialik ya rubuta a cikin 1964: “Kowane yanki da aka haɗa a cikin waƙoƙin piano yana ɓoye tunani, rayuwa, ƙungiyoyin fasaha, kuma kowannensu yana da cikakkiyar ma’anar falsafa, fasaha. hali”.

Golubovskaya ya ba da babbar gudummawa ga ilimin piano na Soviet. Daga 1920 ta koyar a Leningrad Conservatory (tun 1935 farfesa), inda ta horar da da yawa pianists concert; daga cikinsu N. Shchemelinova, V. Nielsen, M. Karandasheva, A. Ugorsky, G. Talroze. E Shishko. A 1941-1944 Golubovskaya shi ne shugaban sashen piano na Ural Conservatory, kuma a 1945-1963 ta kasance mai ba da shawara a Tallinn Conservatory. Peru na wani mashahurin malami ya mallaki littafin "The Art of Pedalization" (L., 1967), wanda kwararru suka yaba sosai.

Lit.: Bronfin ENI Glubovskaya.-L., 1978.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.