bukukuwan tunawa da kida da ranakun tunawa a cikin 2017

A cikin 2017, duniyar kiɗa za ta yi bikin tunawa da manyan mashahuran masana - Franz Schubert, Gioacchino Rossini, Claudio Monteverdi.

Franz Schubert - shekaru 220 tun lokacin haihuwar babban soyayya

Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ke faruwa a shekara mai zuwa shine bikin cika shekaru 220 da haifuwar shahararren Franz Schubert. Wannan zamantakewa, mai amana, bisa ga mutanen zamanin, mutum ya yi rayuwa gajere amma mai yawan 'ya'ya.

Godiya ga aikinsa, ya sami 'yancin a kira shi babban mawaki na farko na soyayya. Kyakkyawan melodist, mai ban sha'awa a cikin aikinsa, ya ƙirƙiri fiye da 600 songs, da yawa daga cikinsu sun zama ƙwararrun litattafan duniya.

Ƙaddara ba ta da kyau ga mawaki. Rayuwa ba ta bata shi ba, dole ne ya nemi mafaka a wurin abokansa, wani lokacin babu isassun takardar waƙar da za ta yi rikodin waƙoƙin da ke zuwa a rai. Amma wannan bai hana mawaki ya zama sananne ba. Abokai sun ƙaunace shi, kuma ya tsara su, yana tara kowa a maraice na kiɗa a Vienna, wanda har ma ya fara kiransa "Schubertiades".

Sai dai abin takaicin shi ne, a lokacin rayuwarsa, mawakin bai samu karbuwa ba, sai dai kawai wakokin marubucin, wanda aka yi jim kadan kafin rasuwarsa, ya ba shi wasu suna da kuma riba.

Gioacchino Rossini - 225th ranar tunawa da maestro allahntaka

A cikin 2017, an yi bikin cika shekaru 225 na haifuwar Gioacchino Rossini, masanin wasan opera. Ayyukan "Barber na Seville" ya kawo shahara ga mawaki a Italiya da kasashen waje. An kira shi mafi girman nasara a cikin nau'in wasan kwaikwayo na ban dariya-satire, ƙarshen ci gaban wasan opera na buffa.

Abin sha'awa shine, Rossini ya ba da duk abin da ya tanadi ga garinsu na Pesaro. Yanzu akwai bukukuwan opera da aka sanya wa sunansa, inda duka launin zane-zane na kade-kade da na wasan kwaikwayo na duniya suka taru.

Dan tawayen Ludwig van Beethoven - shekaru 190 da rasuwarsa

Wata ranar da ba za a iya wucewa ba ita ce bikin cika shekaru 190 da mutuwar Ludwig van Beethoven. Juriya da ƙarfin ƙarfinsa ana iya sha'awar har abada. Dukan bala'o'i ne suka faɗo a kansa: mutuwar mahaifiyarsa, bayan haka ya zama dole ya kula da yara ƙanana, da kuma cutar taifu da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, wanda ya biyo baya tabarbarewar ji da hangen nesa.

Aikin sa gwani ne! A zahiri babu wani aikin da 'yan baya ba za su yaba ba. A lokacin rayuwarsa, an dauki salon wasansa na zamani. Kafin Beethoven, babu wanda ya haɗa ko ya yi wasa a cikin ƙananan rajista da na sama na piano a lokaci guda. Ya mai da hankali ga piano, yana la'akari da shi kayan aikin nan gaba, a lokacin da masu zamani ke rubuta waƙar garaya.

Duk da kurmancinsa, mawakin ya rubuta muhimman ayyukansa a ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Daga cikin su akwai sanannen kade-kade na 9 tare da waƙar Schiller's choral ode "To Joy" a ciki. Ƙarshen ƙarshe, wanda ba a saba gani ba don wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya, ya haifar da ɗimbin sukar da bai ragu ba tsawon shekaru da yawa. Amma masu sauraro sun yi farin ciki da ode! A lokacin wasansa na farko, dakin taron ya lullube da yawo. Domin kurma maestro ya ga haka sai daya daga cikin mawakan ya juya shi ya fuskanci masu sauraro.

Rubuce-rubucen Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 tare da ode "Don Murna" (firam daga fim ɗin "Sake rubuta Beethoven")

Ayyukan Beethoven shine ƙarshen salon gargajiya, kuma zai jefa gada zuwa wani sabon zamani. Waƙarsa ta yi daidai da binciken mawaƙa na ƙarni na baya-bayan nan, sun tashi sama da duk abin da mutanen zamaninsa suka ƙirƙira.

Uba na Rasha Music: 160 shekaru na albarka memory na Mikhail Glinka

A wannan shekara duniya za ta sake tunawa da Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka, wanda mutuwarsa ta cika shekaru 160.

Ya ba da hanya don aikin Opera na Rasha zuwa Turai, ya kammala kafa makarantar mawaƙa ta ƙasa. Ayyukansa suna cike da ra'ayin kishin kasa, bangaskiya ga Rasha da mutanenta.

Wakokinsa na opera "Ivan Susanin" da "Ruslan da Lyudmila", wanda aka shirya a rana guda - 9 ga Disamba tare da bambancin shekaru shida (1836 da 1842) - sune mafi kyawun shafuka a tarihin wasan opera na duniya, da kuma "Kamarinskaya" - ƙungiyar makaɗa. .

Aikin mawaƙin ya zama tushen binciken mawaƙan The Mighty Handful, Dargomyzhsky, Tchaikovsky.

Ya "gina gada" a cikin baroque - shekaru 450 na Claudio Monteverdi

Shekarar 2017 shekara ce ta tunawa da mawakin, wanda aka haife shi tun kafin waɗanda aka ambata a sama: kusan shekaru 450 sun shuɗe tun haihuwar Claudio Monteverdi.

Wannan Italiyanci ya zama wakilin mafi girma na zamanin fadewar Renaissance da kuma zuwan farkon Baroque. Masu sauraro sun lura cewa babu wanda ke gudanar da nuna bala'in rayuwa ta irin wannan hanya, don bayyana yanayin halin ɗan adam, kamar yadda Monteverdi.

A cikin ayyukansa, mawaƙin ya yi ƙarfin hali ya kula da jituwa da maƙasudi, wanda abokan aikinsa ba sa son shi kuma an yi masa mummunar suka, amma magoya bayansa sun karɓe shi da ƙwazo.

Shi ne ya kirkiro dabarun wasa irin su tremolo da pizzicato akan kayan kida. Mawaƙin ya ba da babban matsayi ga ƙungiyar makaɗa a cikin wasan opera, yana lura da cewa timbres daban-daban suna haskaka haruffa da yanayi sosai. Don bincikensa, an kira Monteverdi "annabi na opera"

Rasha "Nightingale" Alexander Alyabyev - 230 shekaru duniya san mawaki

Mawaƙin Rasha ne ya yi bikin cika shekaru 230 na haihuwarsa, wanda shahararren duniya ya kawo ta hanyar soyayya "The Nightingale". Ko da mawaƙin bai rubuta wani abu ba, da hasken ɗaukakarsa bai dushe ba.

"The Nightingale" ana rera waƙa a ƙasashe daban-daban, an yi amfani da kayan aiki, an san shi a cikin shirye-shiryen F Liszt da M. Glinka, akwai da yawa rubuce-rubucen da ba su da suna da kuma daidaitawa na wannan aikin.

Amma Alyabyev bar wani wajen babban gado, ciki har da 6 operas, overtures, fiye da 180 songs da romances, da yawa choral da kayan aiki ayyuka na daban-daban nau'o'i.

Shahararren Nightingale na A. Alyabyev (Spanish: O. Pudova)

Malaman da zuriya ba za su manta da su ba

Ina so in ambaci wasu fitattun fitattun mutane waɗanda kwanakin tunawa suka faɗo a cikin 2017.

• Shekaru 180 na sanannen Mily Balakirev, wanda aka haife shi a cikin Janairu 1837. Wannan mai ƙarfafawa da malami na "Kuchkist" ya goyi bayan ci gaban fasahar kasa da zuciya ɗaya, ya goyi bayan mawaƙan matasa na Rasha kuma ya yi yawa a matsayin jama'a.
• Shekaru 90 tun lokacin haihuwa da kuma shekaru 10 tun bayan mutuwar babban dan wasan kwaikwayo da mawaki Mstislav Rostropovich. Tare da kirkire-kirkirensa, ayyukan zamantakewa da yanayin da ba ya gajiyawa, ya rungumi duniyar kida baki daya, yana kokarin karfafa alakar al'adu na mutane daban-daban.

Mawallafi - Victoria Denisova