Kalanda na kiɗa - Janairu

An haifi fitattun jarumai da dama a watan Janairu, wadanda a yanzu an san sunayensu har ma da mutanen da suka yi nisa da wakokin gargajiya. Wannan shi ne m Mozart, kuma mai ladabi Schubert, da kuma wakilan sanannen "Mabuwayi Handful" - Balakirev, Cui, Stasov.

Mahaliccin rashin mutuwa

Ranar 2 ga Janairu, 1837, wani mutum ya zo duniya wanda ya buɗe sabon zamani a cikin fasahar kiɗa na Rasha - Mili Balakirev. Ya taru a kusa da shi mawaƙa masu son, amma babu shakka haziƙan matasa waɗanda suke goyon bayan ci gaban fasahar ƙasa da gaske. Tare sun gudanar da numfashin sababbin ra'ayoyi, jigogi, nau'o'i a cikin kiɗan Rasha. Balakirev ko da yaushe yana goyan bayan kuma ya jagoranci mutanensa masu ra'ayi, yana sha'awar su da sha'awarsa, ya ba da shawarar batutuwa don kasidu, kuma ya koya musu kada su ji tsoron manyan siffofi. Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ya cancanta shi ne makarantun kiɗa na kyauta, inda kowa zai iya shiga yin kiɗa, ba tare da ƙuntatawa ba.

Ranar 14 ga Janairu, 1824, wani mutum ya zo duniya, wanda ba mawaki ba ne, amma wanda ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ga kiɗa - masanin tarihin tarihi, mai sukar kiɗa da kuma aboki na yawancin mawaƙa na zamaninsa, Vladimir Stasov. Shi ne masanin akida kuma mai karfafawa mafi mahimmancin tsarin kida na 2nd rabin karni na XNUMX - Mabuwayi Handful, sunan wanda ya rage a tarihi, nasa ne.

Ranar 18 ga Janairu, 1835, wani wakilin Mabuwayi Hannu, Kaisar Cui, ya bayyana ga duniya. Kwararren soja, injiniya-janar, duk da haka, ya bar mana kayan kade-kade masu tarin yawa. Shi ne marubucin operas 14, mafi mahimmancin su shine "Angelo" da "William Ratcliffe". Yin aiki a matsayin mai sukar kiɗa, Cui yana ɗaya daga cikin na farko da ya inganta fasahar Rasha a cikin jaridu na Yamma.

A 1872, Janairu 6, an haifi wani mawaki wanda ya bar wani m alama a kan Rasha music - Alexander Scriabin. Mutum mai hazaka mai haske, mai kirkira wanda ya yi marmarin zuwa ga sassan "cosmic" wanda ba a san shi ba, ya yi aiki da ra'ayin kiɗan launi kuma ya gabatar da ƙungiyar haske a cikin shahararren waƙarsa "Prometheus".

Janairu 11, 1875 aka haife Reinhold Gliere, daya daga cikin na karshe wakilan Rasha gargajiya makaranta, wani dalibi na Taneyev, wani mabiyi na babban Glinka da Borodin. Ya yi aiki tukuru da wuya, nazarin art na abun da ke ciki, da kuma a 1900 ya sauke karatu daga Moscow Conservatory da lambar zinariya. Daga baya, a matsayin malami, ya shirya matasa Prokofiev don shigar da shi. Daga cikin bambance-bambancen al'adun Gliere akwai operas 5, wasan kwaikwayo 3, ballets 6.

Ranar 27 ga Janairu, 1756, an haifi ɗa mai hazaka a cikin dangin mawaƙin Salzburg, wanda daga baya ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan jigogi na Olympus na kiɗa - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Af, a cikin 2016 Mozart zai juya 260 shekaru! Mutane da yawa m Figures, masu sukar, magoya lura da hade a cikin aikinsa na ƙarfin zuciya na tunani tare da ban mamaki jituwa na siffofin. Ya yi nasarar cinye duk nau'ikan kiɗan da ake da su a wancan lokacin, ya ƙirƙira ayyuka na musamman waɗanda ke sauti a duk wuraren shagali a duniya kuma ana yin karatu a duk makarantun kiɗa. Abin takaicin mai hazaka shi ne sanin yabo ya zo masa shekaru da yawa bayan rasuwarsa. A lokacin rayuwarsa, 'yan kaɗan sun yaba zurfin basirarsa.

Ranar ƙarshe na Janairu 1797 ita ce ranar haihuwar mawakin soyayya na farko a cikin tarihin kiɗa, Franz Schubert. Cancantarsa ​​ita ce, ya kawo nau’in wakar, wadda ita ce sakandare a wancan lokacin, zuwa wani sabon matakin fasaha. Daga cikin misalan rubuce-rubucen waƙarsa akwai ballads na soyayya, da zane-zane na tunani, da hotunan yanayi. Kuma zagayowar murya guda biyu, "Kyakkyawan Matar Miller" da "Winter Way" suna cikin repertoire na kusan dukkan mawakan.

Manyan 'yan wasa

Ranar 8 ga Janairu, 1938, an haifi Evgeny Nesterenko, bass na Rasha na zamanin Soviet, a Moscow. Kwarewar muryarsa da fasaha ya ba masu sukar damar kiran mawaƙan magajin babban Fyodor Chaliapin. A lokacin aikinsa na kiɗa, mawaƙin ya halarci wasanni fiye da 50. An yi 21 daga cikinsu a cikin yaren asali. Labarin tarihin Rasha, ƙwararrun waƙa na mawaƙa na gida da na waje sun busa a cikin kide-kide nasa. Domin fice yi na manyan matsayin Nesterenko aka bayar da yawa musamman kyaututtuka da kyaututtuka.

A ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1941, an haifi Placido Domingo a Madrid - mawaƙi na musamman wanda ya yi aikin dizzying a matsayin ɗan wasa. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa ya sami nasarar yin sassa don baritone. Littafin nasa ya ƙunshi sassa na gargajiya fiye da 140, amma mawaƙin bai iyakance ga wasan kwaikwayo na ilimi ba kuma yana farin cikin shiga cikin ayyukan kiɗa na zamani. Har ila yau, yana riƙe da tarihin duniya na tsawon lokacin da aka yi a tsaye: a cikin 1991, bayan wasan kwaikwayo na opera Othello, masu sauraro ba su bar mawaƙin ba na tsawon minti 80.

Janairu 24, 1953 muhimmiyar rana ce ga Yuri Bashmet, mafi girman violist na zamaninmu. Ya mayar da viola da ba a iya gani a cikin mafi kyawun kayan solo na virtuoso, godiya ga abin da mawaƙa suka kula da wannan kayan aikin. Fiye da raye-rayen viola 50 an rubuta su musamman don Bashmet. Bashmet ba dan wasan kwaikwayo ne kawai ba, har ma da shugaban kungiyar Soloists ta Moscow, New Rasha State Orchestra Orchestra kuma wanda ya kafa wata gasa ta musamman ta duniya ta viola.

Farko mai ƙarfi

Janairu yana da ban sha'awa ga yawan manyan abubuwan farko.

Ranar 7 ga Janairu, 1898, an fara wasan opera Sadko na babban malamin wannan nau'in, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, a kan mataki na wasan opera mai zaman kansa na Savva Mamonov. A ciki, mawaki ya haɗu da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun almara na Rasha: almara, waƙoƙi, makoki, makirci. An adana ayar almara a wani yanki a cikin libretto.

A ranar 15 ga Janairu, 1890, an shirya wasan Ballet na Pyotr Tchaikovsky a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mariinsky Theatre, wanda ya fi shekaru fiye da ɗari bai bar fagen ba.

Franz Schubert - Impromptu a cikin E flat major ( Andrey Andreev ya yi)

Mawallafi - Victoria Denisova