Babban ma'auni

Yadda za a ƙirƙiri wani kewayon sauti wanda zai iya sa kiɗan haske, farin ciki?

Akwai iri -iri iri -iri halaye cikin waka . Ta kunne, yana da sauƙi don bambanta ditties na Rasha daga waƙoƙin Jojiyanci, kiɗa na gabas daga yamma, da dai sauransu Irin wannan bambanci a cikin karin waƙa, yanayin su, saboda yanayin da ake amfani da su. Hanyoyi manya da kanana sune aka fi amfani dasu. A cikin wannan babi, za mu dubi babban ma'auni.

babban sikelin

Kaya , tsayayyun sautunan da ke zama babban triad, ana kiran su manyan . Bari mu yi bayani nan da nan. Triad ya riga ya zama maɗaukaki, za mu yi magana game da shi kaɗan kaɗan, amma a yanzu, ta hanyar triad muna nufin sautuna 3, waɗanda aka ɗauka ko dai a lokaci ɗaya ko a jere. Babban triad yana samuwa ta sautuna, tazara tsakanin su uku ne. Tsakanin ƙananan sautin da na tsakiya shine babban na uku ( sau 2); tsakanin sauti na tsakiya da na sama - ƙaramin na uku (sautuna 1.5). Babban misali na triad:

Hoto 1. Manyan triad

Babban triad tare da tonic a gindinsa ana kiransa triad tonic.

Babban ma'auni ya ƙunshi sautuna bakwai, waɗanda ke wakiltar wani jeri na manya da ƙanana . Bari mu ayyana babbar na biyu a matsayin “b.2”, ƙaramar na biyu kuma “m.2”. Sannan ana iya wakilta babban sikeli kamar haka: b.2, b.2, m.2, b.2, b.2, b.2, m.2. Jerin sauti tare da irin wannan tsari na matakai ana kiransa babban ma'auni na dabi'a, kuma yanayin ana kiransa babban yanayi. Gabaɗaya magana, ana kiran ma'aunin tsarin da aka ba da umarnin sautunan yanayin a tsayi (daga tonic zuwa tonic). Sautunan da suka haɗa da sikelin ana kiran su matakai. Ana nuna matakan ma'auni ta lambobin Roman. Kada ku dame tare da matakan ma'auni - ba su da alamu. Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna matakai masu lamba na babban ma'auni.

Hoto 2. Manyan matakan ma'auni

Matakan ba wai kawai nadijit ba ne, har ma da suna mai zaman kansa:

1. Mataki na I: tonic (T);
2. Mataki na II: saukowa sautin gabatarwa;
3. Mataki na III: matsakanci (tsakiyar);
4. Mataki na IV: mai mulki (S);
5. Mataki na V: rinjaye (D);
6. Mataki na VI: submediant (ƙananan matsakanci);
7. Mataki na VII: haɓakar sautin gabatarwa.

Matakan I, IV da V ana kiransu manyan matakai. Sauran matakan sune na biyu. Sautunan gabatarwa suna yin nauyi zuwa tonic (ƙoƙarta don ƙuduri).

Matakan I, III da V suna da ƙarfi, suna samar da triad tonic.

A taƙaice game da babban

Don haka, babban yanayin shine yanayin, wanda tsarin sauti ya kasance kamar haka: b.2, b.2, m.2, b.2, b.2, b.2, m.2. Bari mu sake tunawa: b.2 – babban daƙiƙa, yana wakiltar duka sautin: m.2 – ƙaramar daƙiƙa, tana wakiltar jimillar sautin. Ana nuna jerin sauti na babban ma'auni a cikin adadi:

Hoto 3. Matsakaicin manyan ma'auni na dabi'a

Adadin ya nuna:

• b.2 - babban na biyu (duk sautin);
• m.2 - ƙananan na biyu (semitone);
• 1 yana nuna duka sautin. Wataƙila wannan ya sa zane ya fi sauƙi don karantawa;
• 0.5 shine semitone.

results

Mun saba da manufar "yanayin", mun bincika babban yanayin daki-daki. Daga cikin dukkan sunayen matakan, za mu fi amfani da manyan, don haka dole ne a tuna da sunayensu da wurarensu.