Kokle: bayanin kayan aiki, abun da ke ciki, tarihi, nau'ikan, dabarun wasa

Kokle (sunan asali - kokles) kayan kida ne na al'ummar Latvia wanda ke cikin nau'in kirtani, kayan kida. Analogues sune gusli na Rasha, kannel na Estoniya, kantele na Finnish.

Na'urar

Na'urar kokles tana kama da kayan aikin da ke da alaƙa:

• Frame Abubuwan samarwa - itace na wani nau'i. Ana yin kwafin kide-kide da maple, samfuran masu son an yi su ne da Birch, Linden. Jiki na iya zama guda ɗaya ko a haɗa shi daga sassa daban-daban. Tsawon sa yana da kusan 70 cm. Jikin yana sanye da bene, a ciki.
• igiyoyi. An makala su da ƙunƙuntaccen sanda na ƙarfe wanda aka ajiye turakun. Koklé na d ¯ a yana da igiyoyi guda biyar da aka yi daga veins na dabba, zaruruwan kayan lambu, wanda ƙananansu shine bourdon. Samfuran zamani suna sanye da igiyoyin ƙarfe ashirin - wannan ya haɓaka damar yin amfani da kayan aiki sosai, yana ba shi damar yin sauti mai ƙarfi.

Samfuran kide-kide, ban da ɓangarorin da aka jera, na iya samun fedals waɗanda ke ba ku damar canza sautin yayin Wasa.

Tarihi

Na farko ambaton kokle ya kasance tun karni na XNUMX. Wataƙila, kayan aikin gargajiya na Latvia ya bayyana da yawa a baya: lokacin da aka rubuta shaidar kasancewarsa, ya rigaya ya kasance a cikin kowane dangin ƙauyen Latvia, galibi maza ne ke buga shi.

A ƙarshen karni na 30, kokles kusan sun faɗi cikin rashin amfani. An sake dawo da al'adun wasan kwaikwayon ta hanyar ƙungiyar masu sha'awar: a cikin 70s, an saki bayanan wasan kokles; a cikin 80s da XNUMXs, kayan aikin ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyoyin jama'a.

iri

Iri-iri na cockles:

• Latgalian - sanye take da reshe mai yin ayyuka 2 lokaci guda: yana aiki azaman hutun hannu, yana haɓaka sauti.
• Kurzeme - reshe ya ɓace, jiki yana da kyau a yi ado da alamu.
• Zitrovidny - samfurin da aka yi a cikin salon Yamma, tare da jiki mai girma, ƙara yawan kirtani.
• Concert - tare da kewayo mai tsawo, sanye take da ƙarin cikakkun bayanai. taimaka wajen canza sautin.

Dabarun wasa

Mawaƙin yana sanya tsarin a kan teburin, wani lokaci ya sanya shi a kan gwiwoyi, rataye jiki a wuyansa. Yana yin waƙar yayin da yake zaune: yatsun hannun dama yana tsunkule, yatsin zaren, yatsun ɗayan hannun yana nutsar da sautin da ba dole ba.