Yadda ake zabar guitar mai sauti

Gitar Acoustic igiya ce tsiro kayan kida (a mafi yawan nau'ikan masu kirtani shida) daga dangin guitar. Zane fasali na irin wannan gita sune: yawanci igiyoyin ƙarfe, kunkuntar wuyansa da kasancewar an anga (karfe sanda) a ciki wuyansa don daidaita tsayin igiyoyin.

A cikin wannan labarin, masanan kantin sayar da "Student" za su gaya maka yadda za a zabi ainihin guitar guitar da kake bukata, kuma ba biya a lokaci guda ba. Ta yadda za ku iya bayyana kanku da kuma sadarwa tare da kiɗa.

Gitar gini

Ta hanyar fahimtar abubuwan da ake amfani da su na guitar guitar, za ku iya gani da gane abubuwan da za su taimake ku zabar kayan aiki mafi dacewa.

Acoustic guitar yi

1. Fegi (fito inji )  na'urori ne na musamman waɗanda ke daidaita tashin hankali na kirtani akan kayan kirtani, kuma, da farko, suna da alhakin daidaita su kamar ba komai ba. Fegi na'urar dole ne akan kowane kayan kirtani.

guitar kwayoyi

2.  Nut - daki-daki na kayan kirtani (baka da wasu kayan kida) wanda ke ɗaga kirtani sama da yatsan yatsa zuwa tsayin da ake buƙata.

Nut _

Nut _

3. Maimaitawa su ne sassa located tare da dukan tsawon na guitar wuyansa , waɗanda ke fitowa daga sassan ƙarfe masu jujjuyawar da ke aiki don canza sauti da canza bayanin kula. Hakanan sufurin kaya ita ce tazarar da ke tsakanin wadannan sassa biyu.

4.  Fretboard - wani ɓangaren katako mai elongated, wanda aka danna igiyoyi yayin wasan don canza bayanin kula.

guitar wuya

5. Digadin wuyansa shine wurin da wuya kuma jikin guitar an makala . Yawancin lokaci wannan ra'ayi yana dacewa da gitar da aka kulle. Ita kanta diddige za a iya bevelled don ingantacciyar damar shiga tashin hankali . Masu kera guitar daban-daban suna yin ta ta hanyar kansu.

wuyansa diddige

6. Shell - (daga Ch. don kunsa, kunsa wani abu a kusa da wani abu) - gefen jiki (lankwasa ko hadawa) muses. kayan aiki. Yana da sauƙi a faɗi cewa harsashi shine bangon gefe.

harsashi

7. Na sama bene - gefen lebur na jikin kayan kida mai zare, wanda ke aiki don ƙara sauti.

Abubuwan da ke shafar sauti

Duk da irin wannan gini na asali da ƙira, gitatan sauti sun bambanta muhimman siffofi wanda ke shafar sauti, aiki, da jin kayan aiki. Waɗannan fasalulluka sun haɗa da:

• irin harsashi
• kayan gida
• wuyansa fadi da tsayi
• igiyoyi - nailan ko karfe
• irin Acoustic itace

Sanin nuances a cikin kowane ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan zai taimaka muku yin zaɓi mafi kyau lokacin siyan gitar sauti.

Nau'o'in Ruɗi: Ta'aziyya da Sonority

Kafin siyan guitar, yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa, da farko, kun kasance gaba ɗaya gamsu da sautin na wannan kayan aiki, kuma na biyu , shi ne dace da ku rike yana zaune da tsaye.

Babban jikin guitar shine sauti . Gabaɗaya, da ya fi girma da bene , mafi arziƙi da ƙarar sauti. Haɗuwa da babban jiki da kunkuntar kugu yana sa guitar ta fi dacewa. Matsakaicin ma'auni daban-daban na iya bambanta dangane da masana'anta, amma akwai nau'ikan jikin guitar gama-gari:

1. Ban tsoro  ( Abin Damuwa ) - misali yammacin . Gita da irin wannan jiki ana siffanta su da ƙari furta bass tare da sautin "ruri" na musamman. Irin wannan guitar yana da kyau don yin wasa a cikin gungu da wasa cakulan in ami, amma ga sassan solo ba koyaushe zai zama zaɓi mai kyau ba.
2. Model Orchestral . Nau'in "samfurin mawaƙa" na jiki yana son samun a santsi da "laushi" sauti - cikakkiyar ma'auni tsakanin ƙananan igiyoyi da na sama. Waɗannan gitas ɗin sun dace don ɗauka. Babban hasara shine kawai ƙarancin ƙarfi na kayan aiki, idan, alal misali, kuna kunna irin wannan guitar a cikin gungu na sauti. Har yanzu sau da yawa babu isasshen bass, musamman tare da salon wasa mai wuyar gaske.
3. mahaukatan - " jumbo ” (girman jiki). Wannan nau'in jikin gitar mai sauti iri ne na sulhu tsakanin biyun da suka gabata. Babban fa'idarsa shine babban jiki wanda ke haɓaka sauti zuwa matakin ma'auni yammacin (wani lokaci ma fiye da haka), kuma tsarin daidaitawarsa yana sa ya daidaita kuma yana kusa da ƙirar ƙungiyar makaɗa tare da sautin "mai daɗi". ” mahaukatan ” guitars sun dace sosai don gaurayawan salon kida, musamman idan ana kunna su a mataki. Jumbo mai kirtani 12 shi ma ya shahara sosai .

Nau'o'i biyu na farko na ginin hull, waɗanda har yanzu sun fi shahara kuma na yau da kullun, Martin ne ya haɓaka. Yammaci kuma nau'ikan kade-kade sune Martin D-28 da Martin OM-28. Tsarin nau'in nau'in na uku, ko kuma ci gabansa, nasa ne na kamfanin Gibson, wanda tsarin Gibson J-200 har yanzu ya kasance na gargajiya na Amurka. jumbo "gitar.

Gitar kayan jiki

Sautin da aka ƙirƙira ta igiyoyin guitar ana watsa shi ta hanyar wutsiya zuwa allon sauti, wanda ke aiki azaman amplifier. Itacen da ake yin saman yana da a tasiri na farko akan yanayin sautin kayan aiki. Abin da ya sa, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, mafi girma da bene , da ƙarar sauti.

A saman bene na wani acoustic guitar na iya zama m ko laminated. Mai ƙarfi sauti yawanci ana yin su ne daga katako guda biyu guda biyu tare da tsarin hatsi wanda aka daidaita a tsakiya. A laminated sauti Ana yin shi daga nau'ikan itace da yawa an matse tare, tare da saman saman yawanci ana yin shi daga itace mafi mahimmanci.

Laminate yana girgiza muni fiye da katako mai ƙarfi, don haka sautin yake ƙasa da ƙara da wadata . Koyaya, guitar laminated babban zaɓi ne ga masu farawa waɗanda ke samun kayan aikinsu na farko.

Zaɓuɓɓuka: nailan ko karfe

Akwai kuskuren da aka saba cewa guitar na farko ya kamata ya kasance yana da igiyoyin nailan saboda sun fi sauƙin yin wasa. Koyaya, maye gurbin igiyoyin nailan da na ƙarfe da akasin haka da kayan aiki iri daya ne wanda ba a yarda da shi ba , kuma ba daidai ba ne a ɗauka cewa sauyawa daga wannan nau'in kirtani zuwa wani lamari ne na fasaha da kwarewa.

Zabin ku ya kamata a ƙayyade ta hanyar kiɗan da kuke son kunnawa. Sautin da aka fitar daga igiyoyin nailan yana da taushi, mai ruɗe. Ana amfani da waɗannan kirtani akan guitar na gargajiya. Gita na gargajiya yana da guntu, fadi wuyansa (kuma don haka mafi girman tazarar kirtani) fiye da guitar sautin kirtani na karfe.

Ana amfani da igiyoyin ƙarfe da yawa, yawanci a nau'ikan kiɗa kamar rock, pop, da kasar . Suna bayar da a sauti mai ƙarfi da wadata , siffa ta gita mai sauti.

Girman wuyansa

A kauri da nisa daga cikin wuyansa kuma guitar bambanta dangane da girman jiki. Waɗannan halayen ba su shafi sauti da yawa ba mai amfani da kayan aiki. A kan guitar guitars , ba duk frets yawanci suna tsakanin su ba abin kai , amma kawai 12 ko 14.

A cikin shari'ar farko, ta 13 da 14th tashin hankali suna cikin jiki don haka suna da wahalar isa. Idan kuna da ƙananan hannaye, zaɓi guitar mai ƙarami tare da ƙarami wuyansa diamita .

Nau'in itace don gita

Lokacin siyan guitar guitar, kula don gaskiyar cewa nau'ikan itace daban-daban suna nufin wasu sassa na kayan aiki. Sanin abin da guitar ya kamata ya yi kama zai taimake ku yanke shawara. Da ke ƙasa akwai taƙaitaccen nau'ikan katako mai sauti da nasu halayen sauti .

Cedar

Itace mai laushi tare da sauti mai yawa da kuma hankali mai kyau, wanda ke sauƙaƙe fasaha na wasa. itacen al'ul saman shine zaɓi na yau da kullun a cikin gita na gargajiya da na flamenco, kuma ana amfani dashi don tarnaƙi da baya. 

ebony

Itace mai tsananin gaske, santsi don taɓawa. Anfi amfani dashi domin fretboards .

Cocobolo

'Yan asalin ƙasar Mexico, ɗaya daga cikin bishiyoyi mafi nauyi a cikin dangin rosewood, ana amfani da su don tarnaƙi da baya. Yana da kyakkyawar fahimta da sauti mai haske .

Itacen Jar

Itace mai yawa, wanda ke da saurin amsawa a hankali. A matsayin babban abu, yana da a sauti mai yawa wanda ya jaddada babba iyaka , kuma ya fi dacewa da wasa kasar da kuma blues music .

Ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don kera harsashi da bene na baya, saboda. yana ƙara haske ga karin kuma yana rage haɓakar bass . Hakanan ana amfani dashi azaman abu don wuy .yinsu da masu rike da kirtani.

Maple

Yawanci ana amfani dashi don harsashi da baya, kamar yadda yake da ƙarancin tasiri da mahimmancin ɗaukar sauti na ciki. Jinkirin saurin amsawa yana sa wannan kayan ya dace don wasan kwaikwayo kai tsaye , musamman a cikin band, kamar yadda maple gitas ake ji ko da a overdubbed.

Rosewood

Rage samar da itacen fure na Brazil a yawancin kasuwanni ya haifar da maye gurbinsa da itacen furen Indiya. Daya daga cikin gargajiya kuma mafi shaharar nau'ikan itace wajen samar da gitatan sauti. Godiya ga ta saurin amsawa da son kai ba da gudummawa ga tsinkayar sauti mai haske da wadata. Har ila yau, mashahuri a cikin yi na fretboards da wutsiya.

spruce

Standard saman bene abu. Itace mai nauyi amma mai ɗorewa tana ba da sauti mai kyau ba tare da sadaukar da tsabta ba .

Yadda ake zabar guitar mai sauti

Misalai na gitar sauti

Yamaha F310	FENDER SQUIER SA-105
Farashin J977	Hoton HW-220
Parkwood P810	EPIPHONE EJ-200CE

Bayanin manyan masana'antun guitar

Strunal

Bitar kiɗan Czech a ƙarƙashin sunan gabaɗaya "Cremona" suna aiki tun 1946, akwai fiye da ɗari biyu da hamsin daga cikinsu gabaɗaya. Kayan aikin farko da aka samar a ƙarƙashin alamar Cremona sune violin (daga karni na sha takwas). An riga an ƙara guitar guitar a cikin karni na ashirin.

A cikin Tarayyar Soviet, kullun alamar Kremona ana ɗauka a matsayin kayan aiki mai inganci. Ya bambanta da kayan aikin da aka samar, alal misali, a cikin Leningrad Musical Instruments Plant, amma yana da araha sosai. Kuma yanzu, bayan sake tsara ma'aikata, lokacin da aka samar da gita a karkashin sunan "Strunal", sunan "Cremona" yana hade da inganci.

A cewar wasu masu sana'a, guitars na wannan masana'anta ba su da ƙasa da na Mutanen Espanya, amma sun fi tsayi, tun da yanayin ƙasarsu - Jamhuriyar Czech - ya fi kusa da yanayin Rasha fiye da na Mutanen Espanya. Dorewa da ƙarfi har ma sun ba da damar shigar da igiyoyin ƙarfe akan gita na gargajiya.

Bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, masana'anta sun tsira, an sabunta layin. Abin takaici, sanannen sanannen sunan "Cremona" dole ne a watsar da shi, tunda wannan shine sunan ɗayan lardunan Italiya, sanannen masu yin violin. Yanzu ana kiran masana'anta "Strunal".

The fastening na wuyansa kuma ana yin guitars na wannan masana'anta bisa ga tsarin da ake kira "Austrian", wanda ke ba da ƙarin ƙarfin kayan aiki. Saboda bambance-bambancen tsarin, sautin "Strunal" ya bambanta da acoustics na guitars na Mutanen Espanya na gargajiya.

Yanzu fiye da dozin biyu model na gargajiya gita "Strunal" ake samar, a Bugu da kari, da masana'anta samar acoustic guitars. yammacin ”Kuma” jumbo ” (kusan dozin daya da rabi). Daga cikin guitars "Strunal" za ku iya samun nau'ikan kirtani shida, tara da goma sha biyu. Strunal yana samar da gitatar sauti sama da 50,000, violin 20,000, cellos 3,000 da bass sau biyu 2,000 kowace shekara.

Gibson

Gibson ɗan Amurka ne mai kera kayan kida. Wanda aka fi sani da mai kera gitar lantarki.

Orville Gibson ne ya kafa shi a cikin 1902, sun kasance ɗaya daga cikin na farko da suka fara kera gita-gita masu ƙarfi, waɗanda a yau ana kiran su da “gitar lantarki”. Mawaƙin Les Paul (cikakken suna - Lester William Polfus) ya kawo wa kamfanin ka'idodin kera ka'idodin kera gita-gita da ɗaukar hoto.

A cikin 60s - 70s na karni na ashirin, ta sami shahara sosai saboda bunƙasa kiɗan dutse. Gibson Les Paul da Gibson SG guitars sun zama manyan alamun wannan kamfani. Har ya zuwa yanzu, sun kasance ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun siyar da gitar lantarki a duniya.

Asalin Gibson Les Paul Standard guitar guitars daga shekarun 1950 yanzu sun haura dala dubu dari kuma masu tarawa suke nema.

Wasu ƴan wasan Gibson/Dan wasa: Jimmy Page, Jimi Hendrix, Angus Young, Chet Atkins, Tony Iommi, Johnny Cash, BB King, Gary Moore, Kirk Hammett, Slash, Zack Wylde, Armstrong, Billy Joe, Malakian, Daron.

Hohner

Kamfanin HOHNER na Jamus ya kasance da gaske tun daga 1857. Duk da haka, a cikin tarihinsa, an san shi a matsayin mai kera kayan aikin iska - musamman harmonicas.

A cikin ƙarshen 90s, Hohner HC-06 guitar da gaske "ya sake fasalin" kasuwar kiɗa a Rasha, wanda ya kawo ƙarshen samar da gita maras inganci daga China. Ya zama kawai rashin ma'ana don shigo da su: farashin HC-06 iri ɗaya ne, kuma dangane da acoustics har ma da Czech Strunal ya tashi daga ƙasa.

Bayan bayyanar samfurin HC-06, masanan Rasha sun rarraba wannan guitar ta musamman don fahimtar dalilin da yasa yake wasa sosai. Ba a sami wani sirri ba, kawai zaɓaɓɓun kayan (mai arha) da akwati da aka haɗa daidai.

Kusan dukkan nau'ikan gitar Hohner ana yin su a China. Fasaha da kula da inganci suna da kyau. Hohner mai rauni kusan ba zai yiwu a hadu ba.

Martinez

Ana yin Martinez a China a ƙarƙashin umarnin abokan aikinmu na Rasha. Ana yin su a masana'anta iri ɗaya da samfuran Ibanez da Fender masu arha, kuma suna amfani da fasaha iri ɗaya. Misali, W-801 shine ainihin analog na Fender DG-3, bambance-bambancen kawai a cikin ƙirar ƙira da sitika. Martinez ya fi rahusa saboda mai siye baya biyan alamar talla.

Alamar ta wanzu kusan shekaru 10, ƙididdigar ta kasance mai yawa. Mai sana'anta yana kula da ingantaccen inganci, akwai ƙananan gunaguni. Mafi yawan samfuran Martinez sune ban tsoro , tare da kyawawan kayan aiki da ƙarewa. Mafi yawan nau'ikan kasafin kuɗi - W-701, 702, 801 - su ne gitar Sinawa na yau da kullun don ilimin firamare. Tsofaffin samfuran sun gamsu da inganci da ƙarewa, musamman W-805. Kuma duk wannan yana rayuwa da kyau a yanayin mu, wanda yake da mahimmanci.

Gabaɗaya, Martinez yana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun samfuran da suka dace a cikin aji mai son. Ya kasance a kasuwa na Rasha na dogon lokaci kuma ya kafa kanta a cikin hanyar da ta dace.

kawasaki

Kamfanin Japan wanda ke kera kusan komai a duniya. Tun 1966, an kuma samar da gita. Babu wasu sababbin abubuwa na musamman a cikin waɗannan kayan aikin, amma ingancin aikin aiki da mahimmancin tsarin Jafananci don ƙirƙirar samfuri suna yin aikinsu.