Kamus na kiɗa da kayan masarufi don masu wasan madannai na farko

Wataƙila kowane fanni yana samar da kalmomi na musamman don bukatun kansa. Wannan shi ne yanayin kiɗa da kuma gina kayan aiki. Haka kuma akwai ma’anar tallace-tallace da kasuwa; ya faru cewa irin waɗannan hanyoyin fasaha na iya samun sunaye daban-daban dangane da masu sana'a. Ba shi da bambanci da madannai. A ƙasa akwai ɗan taƙaitaccen ƙamus mai bayanin mahimman kalmomin kiɗa da kayan masarufi.

Asalin kalmomin kiɗa Baya ga waƙar, wanda ma'anarsa a bayyane take, guntun ya ƙunshi; Tempo wanda ke ƙayyade saurin aikin kuma, ta wata hanya, yanayin yanki, rhythm wanda ke ba da umarnin tsawon lokacin bayanin kula a cikin yanki dangane da juna amma a cikin ɗan lokaci (ana ƙayyade tsawon bayanin kula. ta tsawon bayanin kula, misali rabin bayanin kula, kwata bayanin kwata da dai sauransu amma ainihin tsawon lokaci yana dogara ne na ɗan lokaci, kamar ɗan ƙaramin rubutu mai ɗaukar hankali yana daɗe fiye da rabin bayanin kula da sauri, yayin da rabon tsayi. zuwa sauran bayanin kula a lokaci guda koyaushe iri ɗaya ne). Baya ga su, muna jin jituwa a cikin guntu, watau yadda sautunan ke ji da juna, da kuma fayyace, watau yadda ake fitar da sautin, wanda ke shafar sauti, magana da lokacin lalacewa. Hakanan akwai motsin rai, sau da yawa rikicewa tare da ɗan lokaci ta waɗanda ba mawaƙa ba. Dynamics ba ya ƙayyade gudun ba, amma ƙarfin sautin, ƙararsa da maganganun motsin rai.

Abubuwan da aka fi sani da mawaƙin mawaƙa su ne; daidai rhythm da kiyaye taki. Don haɓaka ƙarfin ku don ci gaba da tafiya, gwada yin amfani da metronome. Metronomes suna samuwa azaman ginanniyar ayyuka don sassan pianos da maɓallan madannai, kuma azaman na'urori masu zaman kansu. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da ginanniyar waƙoƙin ganga a matsayin metronome, amma kuna buƙatar samun damar zaɓar waƙa mai goyan baya tare da kari wanda ya dace da waƙar da kuke yi.

Metronom na inji ta Wittner, tushen: Wikipedia

Sharuddan Hardware

Bayan tabawa - Aikin madannai, wanda ke ba da damar, bayan bugawa, don rinjayar sauti ta latsa maɓalli ƙari. Ana iya sanya shi sau da yawa ayyuka daban-daban, irin su haifar da tasiri, canza canjin yanayi, da dai sauransu. Aikin ba ya wanzu a cikin kayan kida, sai dai kusan clavichord wanda ba a taɓa jin shi ba, wanda za'a iya kunna sautin vibrato ta wannan hanyar.

Rakiya ta atomatik – shimfidar madannai wanda ke kunna ta atomatik zuwa babban layin waƙar da aka kunna da hannun dama. Lokacin amfani da wannan aikin, yin wasa da hannun hagu yana iyakance ga zaɓin aikin jituwa ta hanyar kunna ma'anar da ta dace. Godiya ga wannan aikin, maɓalli ɗaya na iya yin wasa shi kaɗai don dukan pop, rock ko jazz band.

Mai Sanyawa - na'ura ko ginanniyar aikin da ke kunna arpeggio ko trill ta atomatik ta zaɓin laƙabi, bayanin kula biyu, ko rubutu ɗaya. Ana amfani da shi a cikin kiɗan lantarki da synth-pop, ba shi da amfani ga mai wasan pianist.

DSP (Mai sarrafa Sigina na Dijital) - Mai sarrafa tasirin sauti, yana ba ku damar ƙara reverb, ayyukan ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙari. Allon madannai na Synth-action – madannai mai haske, mai goyan bayan igiyoyin roba ko maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Sai dai in an bayyana shi azaman mai ƙarfi, ba zai mayar da martani ga ƙarfin tasiri ba. Irin wannan ji na biye da madannai na gabobi, yayin kunna shi ya bambanta da kunna piano.

Allon madannai mai ƙarfi (mai amsa taɓawa, mai saurin taɓawa) - nau'in maballin synthesizer wanda ke yin rijistar ƙarfin yajin kuma don haka yana ba ku damar siffanta kuzarin kuzari da sarrafa fa'ida. Allon madannai da aka yi wa alama ta wannan hanya ba su da injin guduma ko wani nauyi abin da ke sa su ji daban da wasa fiye da maballin piano ko piano kuma ba su da daɗi.

Maɓallin madannai mai nauyin nauyi - irin wannan nau'in madannai yana da maɓallan ma'auni waɗanda ke aiki mafi kyau tare kuma suna ba da kyakkyawar ta'aziyya. Duk da haka, har yanzu ba maballin madannai ba ne wanda ke haifar da jin piano. Maɓallin Hammer-action - Maɓallin madannai wanda ke nuna tsarin aikin guduma wanda ke kwaikwayi tsarin da aka samo a cikin pianos da manyan pianos don samar da irin wannan jin daɗin wasa. Duk da haka, ba shi da darajar mabuɗin juriya da ke faruwa a cikin kayan kida.

Allon madannai mai saurin guduma-aiki (ma'aunin nauyin guduma) – A Poland, galibi ana kiranta da kalmar “keyboard guduma”. Maɓallin madannai yana da ƙarin juriya a cikin maɓallan bass da ƙarancin juriya a cikin treble. Mafi kyawun samfura suna da maɓallai masu nauyi waɗanda aka yi da itace waɗanda ke ba da jin daɗin gaske.

Hakanan zaka iya saduwa da wasu sunayen Ingilishi, kamar "graded hammer action II", "3rd Gen. Ayyukan Hammer”, da sauransu. Waɗannan sunaye ne na kasuwanci waɗanda za su gamsar da mai siye mai yuwuwar cewa maballin da aka bayar shine wasu tsararraki, fiye da na baya ko mafi kyau fiye da gasar madannai tare da ƙaramin lamba. A gaskiya ma, ku tuna cewa kowane samfurin piano acoustic yana da injiniyoyi daban-daban, kuma kowane mutum yana da nau'in ilimin lissafi daban-daban. Don haka babu wani cikakken piano, babu cikakkiyar ƙirar maɓalli na guduma guda ɗaya wanda zai iya yin kamar ya zama cikakkiyar madanni na piano. Lokacin yanke shawarar siyan samfurin musamman, yana da kyau a gwada shi da kansa.

Hybrid piano - sunan da Yamaha ke amfani da shi don jerin piano na dijital wanda a cikinsa ake aro injin madannai daga kayan sauti kai tsaye. Wasu kamfanoni suna da falsafar daban kuma suna mai da hankali kan sake haifar da jin daɗin madannai na piano ta hanyoyi daban-daban.

MIDI - (Instrument Digital Interface) - ka'idar bayanin kula na dijital, tana ba da damar sadarwa tsakanin masu haɗawa, kwamfutoci da maɓallan madannai na MIDI, ta yadda za su iya sarrafa juna, ayyana, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, sauti da tsayin bayanin kula, da tasirin da ake amfani da su. Hankali! MIDI ba ya watsa sauti, kawai bayanai game da bayanan da aka kunna da saitunan kayan aikin dijital.

Multimbral - polyphonic. Yana ƙayyade cewa kayan aikin na iya kunna sautuna daban-daban a lokaci guda. Misali, masu haɗawa da maɓallan madannai tare da ayyukan Multimbral na iya amfani da timbres da yawa a lokaci guda.

Polyphony (ang. polyphony) - dangane da kayan masarufi, ana amfani da wannan kalmar don bayyana yawan sautunan da za a iya fitar da su lokaci guda ta kayan aiki. A cikin na'urorin ƙara sauti, polyphony yana iyakance ne kawai ta ma'auni da iyawar mai kunnawa. A cikin kayan aikin lantarki, galibi ana iyakance shi zuwa takamaiman lamba (misali 128, 64, 32), ta yadda a cikin ƙarin hadaddun guda waɗanda ke amfani da reverberation, ana iya samun yanke sautin kwatsam. Gabaɗaya, mafi girma shine mafi kyau.

Sequencer (the. sequencer) – A da, na’ura ce daban, a zamanin yau galibi tana aiki ne a cikin na’ura mai haɗawa, yana haifar da zaɓaɓɓun jerin sautunan da za a kunna ta atomatik, wanda ke ba ku damar ci gaba da wasa yayin canza saitunan kayan aikin.

Piano shiru – sunan kasuwanci da Yamaha ke amfani dashi don nuna pianos mai sauti tare da ginanniyar kwatankwacin dijital. Wadannan pianos suna da ƙarfi kamar sauran pianos masu sauti, amma idan sun canza zuwa yanayin dijital, zaren yana tsayawa kuma ana isar da sautin zuwa belun kunne ta hanyar lantarki.

ci gaba – Tafarkin nutsewa ko tashar jirgin ruwa.

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