Anna Netrebko |

Anna Netrebko

Anna Netrebko sabuwar tauraruwa ce

Yadda Cinderellas Ya zama Gimbiya Opera

Anna Netrebko: Zan iya cewa ina da hali. Ainihin, yana da kyau. Ni mutum ne mai kirki kuma ba mai hassada ba, ba zan taba zama farkon wanda zai ɓata wa kowa rai ba, akasin haka, ina ƙoƙarin zama abokai da kowa. Matsalolin wasan kwaikwayo ba su taɓa taɓa ni da gaske ba, saboda ina ƙoƙarin kada in lura da mummuna, don fitar da mai kyau daga kowane yanayi. Sau da yawa ina samun yanayi mai ban sha'awa, zan iya wadatu da kaɗan. Kakannina gypsies ne. Akwai kuzari da yawa wani lokaci wanda ban san me zan yi dashi ba. Daga hirar

A Yamma, a cikin kowane gidan wasan opera, tun daga babban birnin New York Metropolitan da Lambun Covent na London zuwa wasu ƙananan gidajen wasan kwaikwayo a lardunan Jamus, yawancin ƴan ƙasarmu suna rera waƙa. Kaddara ta bambanta. Ba kowa bane ke samun damar shiga cikin manyan mutane. Ba da yawa aka ƙaddara su zauna a saman na dogon lokaci. Kwanan nan, daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri da kuma recognizable (ba kasa da, misali, Rasha gymnastics ko wasan tennis) ya zama Rasha singer, soloist na Mariinsky Theater Anna Netrebko. Bayan nasarar da ta samu a dukkanin manyan gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na Turai da Amurka da kuma baftisma mai farin ciki na wuta da Mozart ya yi a bikin Salzburg, wanda ke da sunan sarki a tsakanin daidaikun mutane, kafofin watsa labaru na yammacin Turai sun yi gaggawar shelar haihuwar sabon ƙarni na opera diva. – tauraro a cikin jeans. Roƙon batsa na sabuwar alamar jima'i ta operatic da aka samo ta ƙara mai a cikin wuta. 'Yan jarida nan da nan sun kama wani lokaci mai ban sha'awa a cikin tarihinta, lokacin da ta yi aiki a matsayin mai tsabta a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mariinsky - labarin Cinderella, wanda ya zama gimbiya, har yanzu yana taɓa "Wild West" a kowace siga. A cikin muryoyin daban-daban, sun rubuta da yawa game da gaskiyar cewa mawaƙin "ya canza dokokin wasan opera sosai, yana tilasta mata masu kiba a cikin kayan yaƙi na Viking su manta," kuma suna tsinkaya makomar babban Callas zuwa gare ta, wanda, a cikin ra'ayinmu. , aƙalla yana da haɗari, kuma babu wasu mata daban-daban akan haske fiye da Maria Callas da Anna Netrebko.

Duniyar wasan opera wata duniya ce da ta dade tana rayuwa bisa ga dokokinta na musamman kuma koyaushe za ta bambanta da rayuwar yau da kullun. Daga waje, wasan opera na iya zama kamar hutu na har abada da yanayin rayuwa mai kyau, kuma ga wani - ƙaƙƙarfan al'ada da rashin fahimta ("me yasa raira waƙa lokacin da ya fi sauƙin magana?"). Lokaci ya wuce, amma ba a warware takaddamar ba: har yanzu magoya bayan opera suna hidimar gidan kayan gargajiyar su, abokan adawar ba su gaji da karyata karyar ta ba. Amma akwai bangare na uku a cikin wannan takaddama - masu gaskiya. Wadannan suna jayayya cewa opera ya zama karami, ya zama kasuwanci, cewa mawaki na zamani yana da murya a matsayi na shida kuma komai yana yanke shawara ta hanyar bayyanar, kudi, haɗin gwiwa, kuma zai yi kyau a sami akalla ɗan hankali ga wannan.

Duk da haka, mu jaruntaka ne ba kawai a "kyakkyawa, dan wasa, Komsomol memba", kamar yadda gwarzo Vladimir Etush sanya shi a cikin comedy " Fursunonin Caucasus ", amma ban da duk ta m waje bayanai da blooming. matashiya, har yanzu ita mace ce mai ban sha'awa, mai dumi da kuma buɗaɗɗe, ainihin dabi'a da gaggawa. Bayan ta ne ba kawai ta kyau da kuma dukan ikon Valery Gergiev, amma kuma ta kanta iyawa da kuma aiki. Anna Netrebko - kuma wannan shi ne har yanzu babban abu - mutumin da ke da sana'a, mai ban mamaki mawaƙi, wanda azurfa lyric-coloratura soprano a 2002 aka bayar da wani musamman kwangila daga sanannen kamfanin Deutsche Gramophone. Kundin farko an riga an sake shi, kuma Anna Netrebko ya zama a zahiri "'yar wasan kwaikwayo". A wani lokaci yanzu, rikodin sauti ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aikin mawakan wasan opera - ba wai kawai ya dawwama muryar mawaƙi a cikin nau'ikan CD a matakai daban-daban na rayuwa ba, amma ta taƙaita duk nasarorin da ya samu a matakin wasan kwaikwayo, ya sa. ana samun su ga duk ɗan adam a mafi nisa wuraren da babu gidajen wasan opera. Kwangiloli tare da kattai masu rikodi ta atomatik suna haɓaka mawaƙin soloist zuwa matsayi na mega-star duniya, sanya shi "fuskar murfin" da kuma halin nuna magana. Bari mu kasance masu gaskiya, ba tare da rikodin kasuwanci ba za a sami wadanda Jesse Norman, Angela Georgiou da Roberto Alagna, Dmitry Hvorostovsky, Cecilia Bartoli, Andrea Bocelli da sauran mawaƙa, wanda sunayen da muka sani da kyau a yau sun fi mayar godiya ga gabatarwa da kuma babbar manyan manyan cewa. kamfanonin rikodi ne suka zuba jari a cikinsu. Hakika, Anna Netrebko, yarinya daga Krasnodar, ya kasance mai ban mamaki. Fate tayi mata kyautan aljana. Amma domin ta zama gimbiya, Cinderella ta yi aiki tuƙuru…

Yanzu ta flaunts a kan murfi na irin wannan gaye da kuma ba kai tsaye alaka da music mujallu kamar Vogue, Elle, Vanity Fair, W Magazine, Harpers & Sarauniya, tambaya, yanzu Jamus Opernwell ya ayyana ta singer na shekara, kuma a 1971 a cikin 16. yawancin dangin Krasnodar na yau da kullun (mahaifiyar Larisa injiniya ce, uba Yura masanin ilimin kimiya ne) kawai an haifi yarinya Anya. Shekarun makaranta, ta hanyar shigarta, sun kasance masu launin toka da ban sha'awa. Ta ɗanɗana nasarorin da ta samu na farko, yin gymnastics da rera waƙa a cikin ƙungiyar yara, duk da haka, a kudu kowa yana da murya kuma kowa yana waƙa. Kuma idan domin ya zama babban samfurin (a hanya, 'yar'uwar Anna, wanda ke zaune a Denmark), ba ta da isasshen tsayi, to, a fili za ta iya dogara ga aikin gymnast mai nasara - lakabin dan takarar masters. wasanni a cikin acrobatics da Matsayi a cikin wasanni suna magana da kansu. Komawa a Krasnodar, Anya ya sami nasarar lashe gasar kyawun yanki kuma ya zama Miss Kuban. Kuma a cikin tunaninta, ta yi mafarkin zama likitan fiɗa ko ... mai fasaha. Amma son raira waƙa, ko kuma, don operetta, ya ci nasara ta, kuma nan da nan bayan makaranta yana da shekaru XNUMX ta tafi arewa, zuwa St. Petersburg mai nisa, ta shiga makarantar kiɗa kuma ta yi mafarkin gashin tsuntsu da caramboline. Amma ziyarar bazata a Mariinsky (sa'an nan Kirov) gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya rikitar da duk katunan - ta ƙaunaci opera. Na gaba shi ne sanannen St. Petersburg Rimsky-Korsakov Conservatory, sananne ga vocal makaranta (sunayen da dama digiri sun isa ya bayyana duk abin da: Obraztsova, Bogacheva, Atlantov, Nesterenko, Borodin), amma daga shekara ta hudu ... babu wani. lokacin da ya rage don azuzuwan. Anna ta ce a wata hirar da ta yi a kasashen Yamma: “Ban gama makarantar koyar da daliban jami’ar ba kuma ban samu difloma ba, domin na shagaltu sosai a fagen ƙwararru. Duk da haka, rashin diplomasiyya ya damu kawai mahaifiyarta, a cikin waɗannan shekarun Anya ba ta da minti kaɗan don tunani: gasa mara iyaka, kide kide da wake-wake, wasan kwaikwayo, rehearsals, koyon sabon kiɗa, aiki a matsayin karin kuma mai tsabta a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mariinsky. . Kuma alhamdulillahi ba kullum rayuwa ta ke neman difloma ba.

Duk abin da aka juye ba zato ba tsammani nasara a Glinka Competition, da aka gudanar a shekarar 1993 a Smolensk, da mawaki ta mahaifarsa, lokacin da Irina Arkhipova, generalissimo na Rasha vocals, yarda da laureate Anna Netrebko a cikin sojojinta. A lokaci guda, Moscow ta fara jin Anya a wani wasan kwaikwayo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi - debutante ya damu sosai cewa da kyar ta mallaki launi na Sarauniyar Dare, amma girmamawa da yabo ga Arkhipova, wanda ya sami damar fahimtar iyawar murya mai ban mamaki. a bayan bayyanar samfurin. Bayan 'yan watanni, Netrebko ya fara tabbatar da ci gaban kuma, da farko, ya fara halarta tare da Gergiev a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mariinsky - Susanna a cikin Mozart's Le nozze di Figaro ya zama farkon kakar wasa. Duk Petersburg sun gudu don kallon azure nymph, wanda kawai ya ketare filin wasan kwaikwayo daga gidan wasan kwaikwayo zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo, ta yi kyau sosai. Ko da a cikin littafin ƙasidar abin kunya na Cyril Veselago "The Phantom of the Opera N-ska" an girmama ta don bayyana a cikin manyan haruffa a matsayin babban kyawun gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Ko da yake masu shakka da masu himma sun yi gunaguni: “Eh, tana da kyau, amma menene ya shafi kamanninta da shi, ba zai yi zafi ba don koyon yadda ake rera waƙa.” Bayan shigar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin kololuwar Mariinsky euphoria, lokacin da Gergiev ya fara fadada duniya na "mafi kyawun gidan wasan opera na Rasha", Netrebko (a gare ta) ya yi rawani da irin wannan laurel na farko da kuma sha'awar ba ta tsaya a can ba na minti daya. , amma ya ci gaba da ƙwanƙwasa ƙaƙƙarfan granite na kimiyyar murya. “Muna bukatar mu ci gaba da yin nazari,” in ji ta, “mu kuma shirya ta hanya ta musamman don kowane sashe, mu ƙware yadda ake rera waƙa a makarantun Faransanci, Italiyanci da Jamusanci. Duk wannan yana da tsada, amma na sake gina kwakwalwata tuntuni - babu abin da aka ba da kyauta. Bayan shiga makarantar ƙarfin hali a cikin mafi wuya jam'iyyun a cikin ƙasarsu Kirov Opera (kamar yadda har yanzu suna rubuce a cikin Yamma), ta fasaha ya girma da kuma karfafa tare da ita.

Anna Netrebko: Nasarar ta zo ne daga gaskiyar cewa na yi waƙa a Mariinsky. Amma ya fi sauƙi don yin waƙa a Amurka, suna son kusan komai. Kuma yana da matukar wahala a Italiya. Akasin haka, ba sa son shi. Lokacin da Bergonzi ya rera waƙa, sun yi ihu cewa suna son Caruso, yanzu sun yi wa dukan masu haya ihu: "Muna buƙatar Bergonzi!" A Italiya, ba na son yin waƙa da gaske. Daga hirar

Hanyar zuwa tsayin daka na wasan opera na duniya ya kasance ga jarumarmu, ko da yake tana da sauri, amma har yanzu tana da daidaito kuma tana tafiya cikin matakai. Da farko, an gane ta godiya ga yawon shakatawa na Mariinsky Theatre a Yamma da kuma rikodin daga abin da ake kira "blue" (bisa ga launi na ginin Mariinsky gidan wasan kwaikwayo) na Philips kamfanin, wanda ya rubuta duk Rasha. samar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Shi ne wasan kwaikwayo na Rasha, wanda ya fara da Lyudmila a cikin wasan opera na Glinka da Marfa a cikin Rimsky-Korsakov's Bride Tsar, wanda aka haɗa a cikin kwangilar farko na Netrebko tare da San Francisco Opera (duk da haka a karkashin jagorancin Gergiev). Wannan gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne cewa tun 1995 ya zama gida na biyu na singer shekaru da yawa. A cikin ma'anar yau da kullum, yana da wuya a Amurka da farko - ba ta san yaren da kyau ba, tana jin tsoron duk wani baƙo, ba ta son abinci, amma kuma ba ta saba da shi ba, sai dai a sake gina ta. . Abokai sun bayyana, kuma a yanzu Anna tana son ko da abincin Amurka, har ma da McDonald's, inda kamfanonin dare masu fama da yunwa ke zuwa yin odar hamburgers da safe. A gwaninta, Amurka ta ba Netrebko duk abin da kawai za ta yi mafarki - ta sami damar tafiya lafiya daga sassa na Rasha, wanda ita kanta ba ta son shi sosai, zuwa wasan kwaikwayo na Mozart da na Italiyanci. A San Francisco, ta fara rera Adina a cikin Donizetti's "Love Potion", a Washington - Gilda a cikin "Rigoletto" na Verdi tare da Placido Domingo (shine darektan zane-zane na gidan wasan kwaikwayo). Bayan haka ne aka fara gayyatar ta zuwa jam'iyyun Italiya a Turai. Mafi girman mashaya na kowane opera aiki ana daukarsa a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo a Metropolitan Opera - ta fara halarta a karon a shekarar 2002 ta Natasha Rostova a cikin "Yaki da Zaman Lafiya" na Prokofiev (Dmitry Hvorostovsky shine Andrey), amma ko da bayan haka dole ne ta fara aiki. raira waƙoƙi don tabbatar wa gidajen wasan kwaikwayo ta haƙƙin Faransanci, Italiyanci, kiɗan Jamus. Anna ta ce: “Dole na sha wahala sosai kafin a daidaita ni da mawaƙa na Turai,” Anna ta tabbatar da cewa, “na daɗe da nacewa ana ba da waƙar Rasha. Idan na fito daga Turai, da tabbas hakan bai faru ba. Wannan ba wai tsoro ba ne kawai, hassada ce, tsoron barin mu mu shiga kasuwan murya.” Duk da haka, Anna Netrebko ya shiga sabuwar karni a matsayin tauraro mai iya canzawa cikin 'yanci kuma ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na kasuwar wasan opera ta duniya. A yau muna da babban mawaki fiye da jiya. Ta fi mahimmanci game da sana'a kuma mafi hankali - ga murya, wanda a cikin amsa yana buɗe ƙarin sababbin damar. Hali yana sa kaddara.

Anna Netrebko: Waƙar Mozart kamar ƙafata ta dama ce, wadda zan tsaya da ƙarfi a tsawon rayuwata. Daga hirar

A Salzburg, ba al'ada ba ne ga Rashawa su rera Mozart - an yi imanin cewa ba su san yadda ba. Kafin Netrebko, kawai Lyubov Kazarnovskaya da kuma mafi ƙanƙanta Victoria Lukyanets gudanar a flicker a Mozart ta operas. Amma Netrebko ya haskaka don duk duniya ta lura - Salzburg ta zama mafi kyawun sa'arta da irin hanyar wucewa zuwa aljanna. A bikin a shekara ta 2002, ta haskaka a matsayin prima donna Mozartian, tana yin sunanta Donna Anna a Don Giovanni a cikin mahaifar gwanin kiɗa na hasken rana a ƙarƙashin sanda na babban jagoran ƙwararrun manazarta na zamaninmu, Nikolaus Harnoncourt. Babban abin mamaki, tun da ana iya sa ran wani abu daga mawaƙa na matsayinta, Zerlina, alal misali, amma ba makoki da maɗaukaki Donna Anna ba, wanda yawancin sopranos masu ban sha'awa ke rera waƙa - duk da haka, a cikin samarwa na zamani, ba tare da ba tare da bata lokaci ba. abubuwa na tsattsauran ra'ayi, an yanke shawarar jarumar ta daban, tana bayyana matashi sosai kuma maras ƙarfi, kuma a kan hanya, tana nuna manyan riguna daga kamfanin da ke ɗaukar nauyin wasan. Netrebko ya ce, "Kafin a fara wasan, na yi ƙoƙarin kada in yi tunanin inda nake, in ba haka ba zai zama abin ban tsoro." Harnoncourt, wanda ya canza fushinsa zuwa rahama, wanda aka gudanar a Salzburg bayan dogon hutu. Anya ya faɗi yadda bai yi nasara ba don neman Donna Anna na tsawon shekaru biyar, wanda zai dace da sabon tsarinsa: “Na zo wurinsa don jinya kuma na rera kalmomi biyu. Ya isa haka. Kowa ya yi mini dariya, kuma babu wanda sai Arnoncourt ya gaskata cewa zan iya rera Donna Anna.

Har zuwa yau, mai rairayi (watakila kawai Rashanci) na iya yin alfahari da tarin jarumai na Mozart a kan manyan matakan duniya: ban da Donna Anna, Sarauniyar Dare da Pamina a cikin sarewa Magic, Susanna, Servilia a cikin Rahamar. na Titus, Iliya a cikin "Idomeneo" da Zerlina a cikin "Don Giovanni". A cikin yankin Italiya, ta yi nasara a kan kololuwar Belkant irin su Juliet Bellini mai bakin ciki da mahaukaciyar Lucia a cikin wasan opera Donizetti, da kuma Rosina a cikin The Barber na Seville da Amina a cikin Bellini's La sonnambula. Nanette mai wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Falstaff na Verdi da eccentric Mustette a cikin La Boheme na Puccini suna kama da wani nau'in hoton kansa na mawaƙa. Daga cikin operas na Faransa a cikin repertoire, ya zuwa yanzu tana da Mikaela a cikin Carmen, Antonia a cikin Tatsuniya na Hoffmann da Teresa a cikin Berlioz na Benvenuto Cellini, amma kuna iya tunanin yadda za ta iya zama Manon a Massenet ko Louise a cikin opera na Charpentier mai suna iri ɗaya. . Mawakan da aka fi so don saurare su ne Wagner, Britten da Prokofiev, amma ba za ta ƙi yin waƙar Schoenberg ko Berg ba, misali, Lulu nasa. Ya zuwa yanzu, kawai rawar da Netrebko da aka yi jayayya game da shi kuma ba a yarda da shi ba shine Violetta a cikin La Traviata na Verdi - wasu sun yi imanin cewa kawai sautin bayanin kula bai isa ya cika sararin samaniya na siffar mace ba tare da camellias tare da rayuwa. . Watakila zai yiwu a cim ma a cikin fim-opera, wanda ya yi niyyar harba Deutsche Gramophone tare da ta sa hannu. Komai yana da lokacinsa.

Dangane da kundin wakoki na farko na zaɓaɓɓen aria a kan Deutsche Gramophone, ya zarce duk abin da ake tsammani, har ma a tsakanin masu son rai. Kuma za a samu da yawa daga cikinsu, ciki har da abokan aikinta, idan har sana’ar mawakiyar ta hauhawa, sai ta fi yin waka. Tabbas, babban haɓakawa yana haifar da wata ƙiyayya a cikin zuciyar mai son kiɗan kuma ya ɗauki ƙaramin tallan da aka yi da wata shakka (sun ce mai kyau ba ya buƙatar sanyawa), amma tare da sautin farko na sabo da dumi. murya, duk shakku sun koma baya. Hakika, da nisa daga Sutherland, wanda ya yi mulki a cikin wannan repertoire kafin, amma a lokacin da Netrebko rasa fasaha perfectionism a cikin mafi wuya coloratura sassa na Bellini ko Donizetti, mace da kuma fara'a zo da ceto, wanda Sutherland ba shi da. Ga kowa nasa.

Anna Netrebko: Yayin da nake ci gaba da rayuwa, ba zan so in ɗaure kaina da wani nau'in alaƙa ba. Wannan na iya wucewa. Da shekara arba'in. Za mu gani a can. Ina ganin saurayi sau ɗaya a wata - muna saduwa da wani wuri a yawon shakatawa. Kuma ba komai. Babu wanda ke damun kowa. Ina so in haifi yara, amma ba yanzu ba. Ni yanzu ina sha'awar rayuwa da kaina wanda yaron zai shiga hanya kawai. Kuma katse min dukkan kaleidoscope dina. Daga hirar

Rayuwar sirri ta mai fasaha koyaushe lamari ne na ƙarin sha'awa daga ɓangaren mai kallo. Wasu taurari suna ɓoye rayuwarsu, wasu, akasin haka, suna tallata shi dalla-dalla don haɓaka ƙimar shahararsu. Anna Netrebko ba ta taɓa yin asirce daga rayuwarta ta sirri ba - ta rayu ne kawai, sabili da haka, mai yiwuwa, ba a taɓa samun wasu zagi ko tsegumi a kusa da sunanta ba. Ba ta yi aure ba, tana son 'yanci, amma tana da abokiyar zuciya - ƙarami fiye da ita, kuma mawaƙin opera, Simone Albergini, bassist Mozart-Rossinian sananne a cikin wasan opera, Italiyanci na yau da kullum ta asali da bayyanar. Anya ya sadu da shi a Washington, inda suka yi waka tare a Le nozze di Figaro da Rigoletto. Ta yi imanin cewa tana da sa'a sosai tare da aboki - ba shi da kishin nasara a cikin sana'a, yana kishin sauran maza ne kawai. Lokacin da suka bayyana tare, kowa yana haki: menene kyawawan ma'aurata!

Anna Netrebko: Ina da rikice-rikice guda biyu a kaina. Wanda ya fi girma shine "store". Kuna tsammanin cewa ni irin wannan yanayin soyayya ne, daukaka? Babu wani abu kamar wannan. Soyayya ta daɗe. Har zuwa shekara goma sha bakwai, na yi karatu da yawa, lokaci ne na tarawa. Kuma yanzu babu lokaci. Na karanta wasu mujallu. Daga hirar

Ita babbar almara ce kuma hedonist, jarumarmu. Yana son rayuwa kuma ya san yadda ake rayuwa cikin farin ciki. Tana son cefane, idan babu kudi sai ta zauna a gida don kar ta ji haushi idan ta wuce tagar kanti. K'ank'ank'anta kayanta ne da kayan kwalliya, takalmi masu sanyi iri-iri da jakunkuna. Gabaɗaya, ƙaramin abu mai salo. M, amma a lokaci guda yana ƙin kayan ado, yana sanya su a kan mataki kawai kuma kawai a cikin kayan ado na kayan ado. Yana kuma kokawa da dogayen jirage, wasan golf, da maganganun kasuwanci. Hakanan yana son cin abinci, ɗayan sabbin abubuwan sha'awar gastronomic shine sushi. Daga barasa ya fi son jan giya da shampagne (Veuve Clicquot). Idan tsarin mulki ya ba da izini, sai ta duba cikin wuraren shakatawa da wuraren shakatawa na dare: a cikin irin waɗannan cibiyoyin Amurka inda ake tattara kayan bayan gida na shahararrun, an bar mata rigar rigar mama, wanda cikin fara'a ta gaya wa kowa a duniya, kuma kwanan nan ta lashe gasar cin kofin cancan a ɗayan ɗayan. St. nishaɗi clubs. A yau na yi mafarkin tafiya tare da abokai zuwa bikin Carnival na Brazil a New York, amma rikodin diski na biyu tare da Claudio Abbado a Italiya ya hana. Don kwancewa, ta kunna MTV, daga cikin waɗanda ta fi so akwai Justin Timberlake, Robbie Williams da Christina Aguilera. Fitattun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo sune Brad Pitt da Vivien Leigh, kuma fim ɗin da aka fi so shine Bram Stoker's Dracula. Me kuke tunani, opera stars ba mutane ba?

Andrey Khripin, 2006 ([email protected])