Alto sarewa: menene, abun da ke ciki, sauti, aikace-aikace

sarewa na daya daga cikin tsoffin kayan kida. A cikin tarihi, sabbin nau'ikansa sun bayyana kuma sun inganta. Shahararren bambance-bambancen zamani shine sarewa mai wucewa. Mai jujjuyawar ya ƙunshi wasu nau'ikan iri da yawa, ɗaya daga cikinsu ana kiransa alto.

Menene sarewa alto

Alto sarewa kayan kida ne na iska. Wani ɓangare na dangin sarewa na zamani. An yi kayan aiki daga itace. Ana siffanta sarewar alto da bututu mai tsayi da fadi. Bawuloli suna da ƙira na musamman. Lokacin kunna sarewa, mawaƙin yana amfani da numfashi mai ƙarfi fiye da busa sarewa.

Theobald Böhm, mawaƙin Jamus, ya zama mai ƙirƙira kuma mai tsara kayan aikin. A cikin 1860, yana da shekaru 66, Boehm ya kirkiro shi bisa ga tsarinsa. A cikin karni na 1910, ana kiran tsarin Boehm Mechanics. A cikin XNUMX, mawallafin Italiyanci ya gyara kayan aikin don samar da ƙananan sautin octave.

Siffar sarewa tana da nau'ikan 2 - "mai lankwasa" da "daidai". An fi son siffa mai lanƙwasa ta ƴan wasan kwaikwayo. Siffar da ba ta dace ba tana buƙatar ƙarancin shimfiɗa makamai, haifar da jin daɗin haske saboda motsi na tsakiyar nauyi kusa da mai yin. Ana amfani da tsarin kai tsaye sau da yawa saboda yana da sauti mai haske.

sauti

Yawancin lokaci kayan aikin suna yin sauti a cikin kunna G da F - kwata ƙasa da rubutattun bayanan. Yana yiwuwa a fitar da bayanin kula mafi girma, amma mawaƙa ba safai suke yin hakan ba. Sauti mai daɗi yana cikin ƙananan rajista. Rijista na sama tana sauti mai kaifi, tare da sauye-sauye kadan na timbre.

Saboda ƙarancin kewayo, mawakan Burtaniya suna kiran wannan kayan aikin sarewa bass. Sunan Birtaniyya yana da rudani - akwai kayan aiki mai suna a duniya tare da suna iri ɗaya. Rikicin da sunan ya taso saboda kamanceceniya da sarewa tenor na Renaissance. Suna sauti iri ɗaya a cikin C. Saboda haka, ƙananan sauti ya kamata a kira bass.

Aikace-aikace

Yankin babban aikace-aikacen sarewa na alto shine ƙungiyar makaɗa. Har zuwa ƙarshen karni na XNUMX, an yi amfani da shi don cire ƙananan sauti a matsayin mai rahusa ga sauran abun da ke ciki. Tare da ci gaban pop music, shi ya fara amfani da solo. Za a iya jin ɓangaren a cikin Symphony na takwas na Glazunov, Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring, Boulez's Hammer Ba tare da Jagora ba.

Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun amfani da sarewa alto a cikin shahararrun kiɗa shine waƙar "California Dreamin" ta The Mamas & Papas. An saki guda tare da waƙar a cikin 1965, wanda ya zama abin burgewa a duniya. Bud Shank, wani Ba’amurke ɗan wasan saxophonist ne ya yi sashin tagulla mai kwantar da hankali.

Lokacin yin rikodin sauti na fina-finai, John Debney yana amfani da sarewa na alto. Mawaƙin Oscar wanda ya lashe kyautar ya rubuta kiɗa don fiye da fina-finai 150. Debney's credits sun hada da The Passion of the Christ, Spider-Man 2, da Iron Man 2.

An ƙirƙira ƙasa da shekaru 200 da suka wuce, sarewar alto ta sami farin jini cikin sauri kuma har yanzu ana amfani da ita. Tabbacin shine yawancin amfani a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗa da lokacin yin rikodin pop hits.