Sergei Petrovich Leiferkus |

Sergei Leiferkus ne adam wata

Jama'a Artist na RSFSR, Laureate na Jiha Prize na USSR, Laureate na All-Union da kasa da kasa gasa.

An haife Afrilu 4, 1946 a Birnin Leningrad. Uba - Krishtab Petr Yakovlevich (1920-1947). Uwar - Leiferkus Galina Borisovna (1925-2001). Matar - Leiferkus Vera Evgenievna. Son - Leiferkus Yan Sergeevich, Doctor of Technical Sciences.

Iyalin Leiferkus sun zauna a tsibirin Vasilyevsky a Leningrad. Kakanninsu sun fito ne daga Mannheim (Jamus) kuma tun kafin yakin duniya na farko sun koma St. Petersburg. Dukan mutanen gidan jami'an sojin ruwa ne. Bisa al'adar iyali Leiferkus, bayan kammala karatunsa daga aji na 4 na makarantar sakandare, ya tafi yin jarrabawa a makarantar Leningrad Nakhimov. Amma bai samu karbuwa ba saboda rashin ganin ido.

Kusan lokaci guda, Sergei ya karbi violin a matsayin kyauta - wannan shine yadda karatun kiɗa ya fara.

Leiferkus har yanzu ya gaskanta cewa kaddara ita ce mutanen da ke kewaye da mutum kuma suna jagorantar shi ta rayuwa. Yana da shekaru 17, ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Jami'ar Jihar Leningrad, zuwa ga mawaƙa mai ban mamaki GM Sandler. Bisa ga matsayin hukuma, ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta ƙungiyar mawaƙa ce ta ɗalibai, amma ƙwararrun ƙungiyar ta yi yawa ta yadda za ta iya ɗaukar kowane aiki, har ma da abubuwa mafi wahala. A wannan lokacin har yanzu ba a ba da shawarar yin rera liturgies da kiɗan kida na mawaƙa na Rasha ba, amma an yi irin wannan aikin kamar Orff's “Carmina Burana” ba tare da wani hani ba kuma tare da babban nasara. Sandler ya saurari Sergei kuma ya sanya shi zuwa bass na biyu, amma bayan watanni biyu kawai ya canza shi zuwa bass na farko ... A wannan lokacin, muryar Leiferkus ta kasance ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma, kamar yadda ka sani, babu baritones a cikin mawaƙa. Ci.

A wannan wuri, Sergei ya sadu da fitaccen malami Maria Mikhailovna Matveeva, wanda ya koyar da Sofia Preobrazhenskaya, Artist na Tarayyar Soviet Lyudmila Filatova, Jama'ar Artist na Tarayyar Soviet Yevgeny Nesterenko. Ba da da ewa Sergei ya zama soloist na mawaƙa, kuma a 1964 ya dauki bangare a wani yawon shakatawa na Finland.

A lokacin rani na 1965, an fara jarrabawar shiga jami'ar Conservatory. Sergei yi aria "Don Juan" da kuma a lokaci guda frantically daga hannunsa. Dean na Vocal Faculty AS Bubelnikov ya furta wannan magana mai mahimmanci: "Ka sani, akwai wani abu a cikin wannan yaron." Saboda haka, Leiferkus aka shigar a cikin shiri sashen na Leningrad Rimsky-Korsakov Conservatory. Kuma binciken ya fara - shekaru biyu na shirye-shiryen, sannan shekaru biyar na asali. Sun biya ɗan kuɗi kaɗan, kuma Sergey ya tafi aiki a Mimans. Ya shiga cikin ma'aikatan gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Maly Opera kuma a lokaci guda ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a mimamse a cikin Kirov. Kusan duk maraice suna aiki - Ana iya ganin Leiferkus yana tsaye tare da bututu a cikin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin "Swan Lake" kafin fitowar Rothbart ko kuma a cikin masu rawa a madadin "Fadette" a Maly Opera. Yana da wani aiki mai ban sha'awa da raye-raye, wanda suka biya, ko da yake ƙananan, amma har yanzu kudi.

Sa'an nan kuma aka kara da opera studio na Conservatory, wanda aka bude a shekarar da aka shigar da shi. A opera studio Leiferkus farko, kamar dukan dalibai, ya rera a cikin mawaka, sa'an nan ya zo da bi da bi na kananan matsayin: Zaretsky da Rotny a Eugene Onegin, Morales da Dankairo a Carmen. Wani lokaci ya taka rawar biyu a cikin wasa daya. Amma a hankali ya hau "hawan bene", ya rera manyan sassa biyu - na farko Onegin, sannan Viceroy a cikin operetta Pericola na Offenbach.

Shahararren mawaƙin koyaushe yana tunawa da farin ciki shekarun da aka yi karatu a ɗakin ajiyar, wanda ke da alaƙa da abubuwan ban mamaki da yawa, kuma da gaske ya yi imanin cewa malamai masu ban mamaki sun koyar da shi da abokansa. Dalibai sun yi sa'a sosai don samun farfesoshi na riko. Shekaru biyu suna koyar da su Georgy Nikolaevich Guryev, tsohon dalibi na Stanislavsky. Sa'an nan dalibai ba su fahimci sa'ar su ba, kuma azuzuwan da Guryev ya zama kamar ba zai yiwu ba a gare su. Sai kawai a yanzu Sergey Petrovich ya fara gane yadda babban malami ya kasance - yana da hakuri don sanya wa dalibai daidai ji na jikinsa.

Lokacin da Guryev ya yi ritaya, ya maye gurbinsa da babban malamin Alexei Nikolaevich Kireev. Abin takaici, ya mutu da wuri. Kireev shi ne irin malamin da mutum zai iya zuwa neman shawara kuma ya sami tallafi. Ya kasance koyaushe yana shirye don taimakawa idan wani abu bai yi aiki ba, yayi nazari dalla-dalla, ya faɗi duk kasawar, kuma a hankali ɗalibai sun sami sakamako mai kyau. Sergei Leiferkus yana alfahari da cewa a cikin shekara ta 3 ya sami digiri na shekara biyar tare da Kireev.

Daga cikin ayyukan Conservatory, Leiferkus ya tuna da sashin Sganarelle a cikin wasan opera na Gounod Doctor Against his Will. Wasan ɗalibi ne mai ban sha'awa. Tabbas, an rera wasan opera na Faransa da Rashanci. Dalibai a zahiri ba sa koyon harsunan waje, saboda sun tabbata ba za su taɓa yin waƙa cikin Italiyanci, Faransanci ko Jamusanci a rayuwarsu ba. Dole ne Sergey ya cika wadannan gibin da yawa daga baya.

A cikin Fabrairu 1970, an ba da ɗalibi na 3rd Leiferkus don zama ɗan soloist tare da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Leningrad na Musical Comedy. A dabi'a, babu wasu tsare-tsare, sai dai don ƙwaƙƙwaran niyyar zama mawaƙa na opera, a cikin Sergei shugaban, amma duk da haka ya karɓi tayin, tunda ya ɗauki wannan gidan wasan kwaikwayo mai kyau makaranta. A wurin wasan kwaikwayo, ya yi wasan kwaikwayo da yawa da kuma soyayya, kuma lokacin da aka miƙa shi don rera wani abu mai sauƙi, ya yi tunani na minti ɗaya ... Kuma ya rera shahararriyar waƙar "King Lame" daga repertoire na Vadim Mulerman, wanda shi da kansa. ya zo da tafiya ta musamman. Bayan wannan wasan kwaikwayon, Sergei ya zama soloist na gidan wasan kwaikwayo.

Leiferkus ya yi sa'a sosai tare da malaman murya. Ɗaya daga cikinsu shi ne ƙwararren malami-masanin ilimin kimiyya Yuri Aleksandrovich Barsov, shugaban sashen murya a ɗakin ajiyar. Wani shi ne babban baritone na Maly Opera gidan wasan kwaikwayo Sergei Nikolaevich Shaposhnikov. A cikin makomar tauraron opera na gaba, azuzuwan tare da shi sun taka rawar gani sosai. Wannan malami da ƙwararren mawaƙi ne wanda ya taimaka wa Sergei Leiferkus ya fahimci abin da fassarar wani ɓangaren ɗakin ɗakin. Ya taimaki novice mawaƙin a cikin aikinsa a kan jimla, rubutu, ra'ayi da tunanin aikin, ya ba da shawara mai mahimmanci game da fasahar murya, musamman ma lokacin da Leiferkus ke aiki akan shirye-shirye masu gasa. Shirye-shiryen gasa ya taimaka wa mawaƙin ya girma a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ya ƙaddara kasancewarsa a matsayin mawaƙin kiɗa. Repertoire Leiferkus ya adana ayyuka da yawa daga shirye-shiryen gasa daban-daban, wanda ya dawo cikin jin daɗi har yanzu.

Gasar farko da Sergei Leiferkus ya yi ita ce gasa ta V All-Union Glinka a Viljus a 1971. Lokacin da ɗalibin ya zo gidan Shaposhnikov kuma ya ce ya zaɓi Mahler's "Waƙa na Wandering Apprentice", malamin bai yarda da gasar ba. zabi, saboda ya yi imani cewa Sergei har yanzu matashi ne ga wannan. Shaposhnikov ya tabbata cewa kwarewar rayuwa, jure wa wahala, wanda dole ne a ji da zuciya, ya zama dole don cika wannan sake zagayowar. Saboda haka, malamin ya bayyana ra'ayin cewa Leiferkus zai iya rera shi a cikin shekaru talatin, ba a baya ba. Amma matashin mawaƙin ya riga ya "rayi rashin lafiya" tare da wannan kiɗa.

A gasar, Sergei Leiferkus ya karbi lambar yabo ta uku a cikin sashin ɗakin (wannan duk da cewa ba a ba da kyauta ga kowa ba). Kuma da farko ya tafi can a matsayin "sare", domin ya yi aiki a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Musical Comedy, kuma wannan ya bar wani alama a kan hali zuwa gare shi. Sai kawai a lokacin ƙarshe sun yanke shawarar haɗawa da Sergei a matsayin babban ɗan takara.

Lokacin da Leiferkus ya dawo gida bayan gasar, Shaposhnikov, yana taya shi murna, ya ce: "Yanzu za mu fara aiki na gaske akan Mahler." Kurt Mazur, wanda ya zo Leningrad don gudanar da Orchestra na Mravinsky, ya gayyaci Sergei don raira waƙa a Philharmonic, sai dai Songs. Sa'an nan Mazur ya ce Sergei yana da kyau sosai a wannan sake zagayowar. Daga wani shugaba kuma mawaƙin Jamus na wannan ajin, wannan babban yabo ne.

A cikin 1972, an gayyaci dalibi S. Leiferkus na shekara 5 a matsayin mai soloist zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Maly Opera da Ballet, inda a cikin shekaru shida masu zuwa ya yi fiye da sassa 20 na wasan opera na duniya. A lokaci guda, da singer kokarin hannunsa a gasa: uku kyaututtuka da aka maye gurbinsu da na biyu, da kuma a karshe Grand Prix na X International Vocal Competition a Paris da kuma kyautar Grand Opera Theater (1976).

Kusan lokaci guda, babban abokantaka na kerawa ya fara tare da mawaki DB Kablevsky. Domin shekaru da yawa Leiferkus shi ne na farko mai yin ayyuka da yawa da Dmitry Borisovich. Kuma an sake zagayowar zagayowar “Waƙoƙin Zuciya Mai Bakin Ciki” tare da sadaukar da kai ga mawaƙi a shafin taken.

A 1977, m darektan da kuma babban madugu na Academic Opera da Ballet gidan wasan kwaikwayo mai suna bayan SM Kirov Yuri Temirkanov gayyaci Sergei Leiferkus zuwa mataki productions na War da Aminci (Andrey) da Matattu Souls (Chichikov). A wannan lokacin, Temirkanov ya kirkiro sabon ƙungiyar. Bayan Leiferkus, Yuri Marusin, Valery Lebed, Tatyana Novikova, Evgenia Tselovalnik ya zo gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Kusan shekaru 20, SP Leiferkus ya kasance babban baritone na Kirov (yanzu Mariinsky) Theater.

Wadatar muryar da ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren SP Leiferkus ya ba shi damar shiga cikin shirye-shiryen opera iri-iri, ƙirƙirar hotunan matakin da ba za a manta ba. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da sassan opera fiye da 40, ciki har da Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin, Prince Igor Borodina, Prokofiev's Ruprecht ("The Fiery Angel") da Prince Andrei ("Yaki da Aminci"), Mozart's Don Giovanni da Count ("Aure na Figaro). "), Wagner's Telramund ("Lohengrin"). Mawaƙin yana mai da hankali sosai ga salo da harshe na ayyukan da aka yi, yana ɗaukar hotuna na nau'ikan haruffa daban-daban kamar Scarpia (“Tosca”), Gerard (“Andre Chenier”), Escamillo (“Carmen”), Zurga ("Carmen"). "Masu Neman Lu'u-lu'u")). A musamman Layer na kerawa S. Leiferkus - Verdi opera images: Iago ("Othello"), Macbeth, Simon Boccanegra, Nabucco, Amonasro ("Aida"), Renato ("Masquerade Ball").

Shekaru 20 na aiki a kan mataki na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mariinsky sun ba da 'ya'ya. Wannan gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya kasance yana da matsayi mafi girma na al'adu, mafi zurfi al'adu - kiɗa, wasan kwaikwayo da kuma ɗan adam, an san shi a matsayin ma'auni.

A St. Petersburg, Sergei Leiferkus ya rera daya daga cikin sassan rawanin sa - Eugene Onegin. Ƙaƙwalwar wasan kwaikwayo mai ban sha'awa, mai tsafta, kiɗan wanda a cikinsa ya ba da daidaitattun ji da yanayin halayen. "Eugene Onegin" da aka yi a cikin shimfidar wuri na babban zanen gidan wasan kwaikwayo Igor Ivanov Yu.Kh. Temirkanov, aiki lokaci guda a matsayin darektan da shugaba. Abin mamaki ne - a karon farko a cikin shekaru masu yawa, an ba da kyautar wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya na Tarayyar Soviet.

A cikin 1983, Wexford Opera Festival (Ireland) ya gayyaci S. Leiferkus don yin aikin taken Marquis a Massenet's Griselidis, sannan Marschner's Hans Heiling, Humperdinck's The Royal Children, Massenet's The Juggler na Notre Dame.

A cikin 1988, ya fara halarta a London Royal Opera "Covent Garden" a cikin wasan kwaikwayo "Il trovatore", inda Placido Domingo ya yi bangaren Manrico. Daga wannan wasan kwaikwayon dangantakar abokantaka ta kirkira ta fara.

A cikin 1989, an gayyaci singer don shiga cikin samar da Sarauniyar Spades a daya daga cikin manyan bukukuwan kiɗa - a Glyndebourne. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Glyndebourne ya zama birni da ya fi so.

Daga 1988 zuwa yanzu, SP Leiferkus babban mawallafin soloist ne tare da Royal Opera na London kuma tun 1992 tare da New York Metropolitan Opera, a kai a kai yana shiga cikin samarwa na shahararrun gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na Turai da Amurka, baƙon maraba ne akan matakan Japan. China, Australia da New Zealand. Yana ba da karance-karance a manyan wuraren kide-kide a New York, London, Amsterdam, Vienna, Milan, yana halartar bukukuwa a Edinburgh, Salzburg, Glyndebourne, Tangelwood da Ravinia. Mawaƙin ya ci gaba da yin wasa tare da Boston, New York, Montreal, Berlin, London Symphony Orchestras, yana haɗin gwiwa tare da irin ƙwararrun masu gudanarwa na zamani kamar Claudio Abbado, Zubin Mehta, Seiji Ozawa, Yuri Temirkanov, Valery Gergiev, Bernard Haitink, Neeme Järvi, Mstislav Rostropovich. Kurt Masur, James Levine.

A yau, Leiferkus za a iya kira shi mawaƙa na duniya - babu ƙuntatawa gare shi ko dai a cikin repertoire na opera ko a cikin ɗakin. Watakila, babu na biyu irin wannan "polyfunctional" baritone a halin yanzu ko dai a Rasha ko a kan wasan opera na duniya. An rubuta sunansa a cikin tarihin wasan kwaikwayo na duniya, kuma bisa ga faifan sauti da bidiyo da yawa na sassan opera Sergei Petrovich, matasa baritones suna koyon waƙa.

Duk da yawan aiki, SP Leiferkus yana samun lokacin aiki tare da ɗalibai. Maimaita karatun digiri a Makarantar Britten-Pearce, a Houston, Boston, Moscow, Berlin da Lambun Covent na London - wannan yayi nisa da cikakken tarihin ayyukan koyarwa.

Sergei Leiferkus - ba kawai m singer, amma kuma aka sani da ban mamaki iyawa. Ayyukansa na wasan kwaikwayo koyaushe ana lura da su ba kawai ta masu sauraro ba, har ma da masu sukar, waɗanda, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna rowa tare da yabo. Amma babban kayan aiki a cikin ƙirƙirar hoton shine muryar mawaƙa, tare da na musamman, timbre wanda ba za a manta da shi ba, wanda zai iya bayyana duk wani motsin rai, yanayi, motsi na rai. Mawaƙin ya jagoranci triumvirate na Rasha baritones a cikin Yamma dangane da girma (ban da shi, akwai Dmitry Hvorostovsky da Vladimir Chernov). Yanzu sunansa ba ya barin posters na manyan gidajen wasan kwaikwayo da dakunan kide kide a duniya: Metropolitan Opera a New York da Covent Garden a London, Opera Bastille a Paris da Deutsche Oper a Berlin, La Scala , a Vienna Staatsoper, da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Colon a Buenos Aires da yawa, da sauransu.

Tare da haɗin gwiwar shahararrun kamfanoni, mawaƙin ya rubuta fiye da 30 CD. Rikodin CD na farko na wakokin Mussorgsky da ya yi shi ne aka zaba don lambar yabo ta Grammy, kuma rikodin cikakken tarin waƙoƙin Mussorgsky (CD 4) an ba shi lambar yabo ta Diapason D'or. Catalog na rikodin bidiyo na S. Leiferkus ya haɗa da wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo da aka yi a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mariinsky (Eugene Onegin, The Fiery Angel) da Covent Garden (Prince Igor, Othello), nau'o'i daban-daban na Sarauniya na Spades (Mariinsky Theater, Vienna State Opera,) Glyndebourne) da Nabucco (Bregenz Festival). Sabbin shirye-shiryen talabijin tare da sa hannun Sergei Leiferkus sune Carmen da Samson da Delilah (Opera Metropolitan), The Miserly Knight (Glyndebourne), Parsifal (Gran Teatre del Licen, Barcelona).

SP Leiferkus - Mawaƙin Jama'a na RSFSR (1983), wanda ya lashe kyautar Jiha na USSR (1985), wanda ya lashe gasar V All-Union Competition mai suna bayan MI Glinka (1971), wanda ya lashe Gasar Vocal ta Duniya a Belgrade (1973). ), wanda ya lashe gasar Schuman na kasa da kasa a Zwickau (1974), wanda ya lashe gasar Vocal Competition a Paris (1976), wanda ya lashe gasar Vocal na kasa da kasa a Ostend (1980).

Source: biograph.ru