Yadda za a zabi sabon piano mai sauti?

Piano mai sauti, musamman sabo, alama ce ta ƙwararriyar hanyar kasuwanci. Ku ciyar akalla 200,000 rubles. ba kowa ne zai iya kunna kayan kida ba, kuma kawai waɗanda suka fahimci abin da suke biya.

Me kuke biya lokacin da kuka sayi sabon piano mai sauti:

1. Kyakkyawan yanayin kayan aiki. Ba shi da sauƙi don tantance ingancin piano da aka yi amfani da shi da kanka. Idan kun karanta labarinmu "Yaya za a zabi piano mai sauti da aka yi amfani da ita?" , to kun san dalilin (kuma kun san dalilin da yasa bai kamata ku amince da mai gyara ba!). Lokacin siyan sabon piano, ba dole ba ne ka yi nazarin tarin kayan da kanka, kallon sa'o'i na bidiyoyi na koyarwa… kuma har yanzu ka kasance da tabbacin zaɓinka.
2. Mafi ƙarancin abubuwan mamaki marasa daɗi. Ko za a iya kunna kayan aikin, ko zai rasa sauti a cikin watanni shida masu zuwa, ko ana buƙatar babban gyara ko ma maidowa - duk waɗannan tambayoyin sun ɓace da kansu lokacin siyan sabon piano. Sau da yawa yana da tsada don gyara kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da shi fiye da siyan sabo.
3. Ko da ƙananan abubuwan mamaki. Babu wanda ke da kariya daga ɓoyayyun lalacewa da ke faruwa a lokacin ajiya mara kyau da amfani. Har ila yau, kowane kayan aiki yana da tsawon rayuwarsa, kuma babu wanda ya san lokacin da wannan rayuwar za ta ƙare don amfani da piano. Tare da sabon piano, komai yana da sauƙi: koyaushe yana da garanti.
4. Yana da sauƙi a rabu. Yarda da cewa ya fi sauƙi don sake siyar da piano wanda yake a gaban ku tare da sabon: kun san daidai a cikin yanayin da aka adana shi, wanda ya buga shi, inda aka ɗauke shi.
5. Jirgin ruwa. Matsaloli tare da sufuri da shigar da sabon piano mai siyarwa ne zai karbe shi, yayin da yake tabbatar da amincinsa. A cikin yanayin kayan aiki da aka yi amfani da shi, kai da kanka za ku sarrafa wannan tsari, saboda. Mai shi na baya ba zai mayar da shi ba.

Lokacin zabar sabon piano, kula da:

Abu. Kyakkyawan sauti ya dogara da kayan da jiki da sauti an yi . Masana sun ba da shawarar katako mai daraja: beech, goro, mahogany. Mafi yawan resonant kayan aikin da aka yi da spruce. Kowane kamfani mai mutunta kansa tabbas yana yin deco daga spruce. Masu bincike na karni na 19 sun gano cewa saurin sauti a itacen spruce ya ninka na iska sau 15.

Nemo itacen da ya dace don piano ba shi da sauƙi: spruce na kiɗa dole ne ya girma fiye da shekaru ɗari a kan gangaren arewa na tudu a cikin ƙasa na musamman, yana da zobba a cikin itace ba tare da lahani ba. Saboda haka, itacen kiɗa mai kyau yana da tsada, kuma tare da shi piano kanta.

Tsarin kayan aiki. Kowane masana'anta yana da nasu sirrin don ƙirƙirar cikakken piano. Al'adun masters na Jamus da sabbin fasahohi na musamman da aka haɓaka tsawon ƙarni suna da tsada sosai. Mafi girman nau'in kayan aikin, yawancin aikin da hannu ake yi, alal misali, ƙirar piano mai ƙima yana buƙatar aikin hannu har zuwa 90%. Saboda haka, da karin taro da wanda aka sarrafa samarwa, ƙananan aji da farashi.

Tsarin layi. An yi imanin cewa yawancin samfuran da kamfani ke samarwa, mafi kyawun samfuran da kansu.

Rabo ingancin farashi. Ana iya samun kyakkyawan piano na Jamus don kuɗi mai ban sha'awa, ko kuma a farashi mai araha. A ciki da na biyu hali, kamfanin zai zama ba haka stellar, amma wannan ba ya nufin cewa kayan aiki zai zama da yawa na baya a inganci.

Adadin tallace-tallace. Kwatanta kamfanoni a cikin kewayon farashin ku: yawancin masana'antun Turai yanzu suna yin haɗin gwiwa tare da abokan hulɗar Sinawa da samar da pianos masu daraja da yawa. Tabbas, waɗannan kayan aikin ba sa kwatanta da samar da yanki mai ƙima, ko dai cikin inganci ko a adadin samfuran da aka sayar.

Piano kayan aiki ne mai tsada, yana buƙatar ƙwazo da aiki mai kyau. Bugu da ƙari, ingancin ya dogara ba kawai a kan kayan ba, har ma a kan fasaha na musamman waɗanda manyan masu sana'a suka haɓaka da kuma goge su a cikin ƙarni. Saboda haka, al'adu da sana'a suna da daraja musamman, waɗanda a cikin su kansu suna kama da fasaha. Don haka rarrabawa:

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Mafi kyawun pianos - manyan kayan kida - sun wuce shekaru ɗari ko fiye. An yi su kusan da hannu: fiye da 90% ana yin su ta hannun mutum. Ana samar da irin waɗannan kayan aikin gabaɗaya: wannan yana tabbatar da amincin kayan aikin da kyawawan iyawa dangane da hakar sauti.

Mafi haske sune Steinway&Ya'ya (Jamus, Amurka), C.Bechstein (Jamus) - piano tare da dogon tarihi mai arziki da tsofaffin al'adu. Manyan pianos na waɗannan samfuran suna ƙawata mafi kyawun matakan duniya. Pianos ba su da ƙasa da inganci zuwa “manyan ’yan’uwansu”.

Steinway & 'Ya'yan sananne ne don ɗimbin sauti mai arziƙi, tare da fasahohin fasaha sama da 120, ɗaya daga cikinsu yana haɗa bangon gefe zuwa tsari ɗaya.

Hoton C.Bechstein piano 

C.Bechstein, da akasin haka, yana lashe zukata da sautin ruhi mai taushi. An fi son irin waɗannan masters kamar Franz Liszt da Claude Debussy, sun gamsu cewa C.Bechstein kawai zai iya tsara kiɗa. A Rasha, wannan kayan aiki yana da ƙauna musamman, har ma da kalmar "wasa Bechstein" ya zo cikin amfani.

Mason & Hamlin wani kamfani ne wanda ke kera manyan pianos da pianos madaidaiciya (Amurka). An san shi don amfani da fasaha mai ƙima a cikin ginin bene. Allon sauti yana riƙe da siffarsa - kuma, daidai da haka, asali rawa - saboda gaskiyar cewa sandunan wutar lantarki da aka yi da ƙarfe mara nauyi suna da siffar fan a ƙarƙashin allon sauti (na piano - a cikin firam), wanda ƙwararrun masana'anta ke kula da su - kuma suna riƙe matsayinsu har abada, ba tare da la'akari da shekaru da yanayin yanayi ba. Godiya ga wannan, ana iya amfani da piano na shekaru masu yawa ba tare da lalata halayen wasan ba inji da allon sauti.

Piano da babban piano  Bosendorfer

Austriya Bosendorfer ya sa jiki daga Bavarian spruce, saboda haka mai arziki, sauti mai zurfi. A cikin karni na 19, kamfanin ya kasance mai samar da manyan pianos zuwa kotun Austrian. Kuma a yau ya fito waje ba kawai don ingancinsa ba, har ma don kayan aikin sa na musamman tare da maɓallan 92 da 97 maimakon 88 da aka saba (tare da ƙarin ƙananan maɓalli). ) . A cikin 2007, Yamaha ya karbi kamfanin, amma ana ci gaba da samar da pianos a ƙarƙashin alamar Bösendorfer: Yamaha ba ya tsoma baki a cikin tsarin samarwa.

piano  Steingraeber & Sohne

Piano na ainihin kamfanin Jamus Steingraeber & Söhne ba ya ƙasa da halayen kiɗansa zuwa wasu manyan pianos don haka galibi ana amfani dashi ko da a kan mataki. Misali, Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Biki na Bayreuth (wurin haifuwar piano) yana yin amfani da samfurin 122 na rayayye. da yawa shekaru . Tun 1867, kamfanin ya kasance kasuwancin dangi kuma yana kera pianos na ƙima (Mafi kyawun Piano a cikin lambar yabo ta Duniya) zuwa oda ɗaya a masana'antar Bayreuth. Babu serial samar, Sin masana'antu da sauran m. Komai yana da mahimmanci a cikin Jamusanci.

babban aji

Lokacin ƙirƙirar piano mai daraja, ana maye gurbin masters da kayan aikin injin tare da sarrafa lambobi. Ta wannan hanyar, ana adana lokaci har zuwa watanni 6-10, kodayake samarwa har yanzu yana raguwa. Kayan aikin suna aiki da aminci daga shekaru 30 zuwa 50.

Blüthner Pianos na gaske ne na Jamus tsaye waɗanda aka yi a Leipzig. A cikin 60s na karni na 19, Blüthner ya ba da pianos da pianos zuwa kotunan Sarauniya Victoria, Sarkin Jamus, Sarkin Turkiyya, Tsar Rasha da Sarkin Saxony. A 1867 ya sami babbar kyauta a nunin kasa da kasa na Paris. Blutner mallakar: Claude Debussy, Dodi Smith, Max Reger, Richard Wagner, Strauss, Dmitri Shostakovich. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ya ce Blutner cikakke ne. Sergei Rachmaninov ya rubuta a cikin tarihinsa: "Abu biyu ne kawai da na ɗauka tare da ni a kan hanyara ta zuwa Amurka ... matata da Blutner mai daraja."

Rachmaninoff da kuma nasa  Piano Blüthner

Seiler , Babban kamfanin kera piano na Turai, ya samo asali tun 1849. A lokacin, Eduard Seiler ya yi piano na farko a birnin Liegnitz (yankin gabashin Jamus har zuwa 1945). Tuni a cikin 1872, Piano Seiler ya sami lambar yabo ta Zinariya a Moscow don kyakkyawan sauti. Tare da wannan nasarar a Moscow, saurin ci gaban kamfanin ya fara. A farkon karni na 20, Seiler ya zama masana'antar piano mafi girma a Jamus ta Gabas.

Piano da Piano  Seiler

Faransawa Pleyel  ana kiran shi "Ferrari tsakanin pianos" . Mawaƙin Australiya IJ Pleyel ne ya kafa aikin a cikin 1807. Kuma a ƙarshen karni na 19, masana'antar ta zama masana'antar piano mafi girma a duniya. Yanzu farashin waɗannan pianos ya bambanta daga 42,000 zuwa 200,000 Yuro. Amma a cikin 2013, an rufe samar da sabon Pleyel saboda rashin riba.

Pleyel Chopin

Matsayi na tsakiya

Ana yin Pianos na tsakiyar aji har ma da sauri - a cikin watanni 4-5, kuma nan da nan a cikin jerin (ba don umarni ɗaya ba); hidima na kimanin shekaru 15.

Zimmermann . Ana kera waɗannan na'urorin piano a masana'antar Bechstein ta hanyar amfani da dabaru iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su wajen kera manyan pianos na Bechstein. Ana yin sassan Piano daga kayan da aka zaɓa na musamman, ana sarrafa su a hankali kuma an haɗa su ta amfani da fasaha mai girma. Shi ya sa Zimmermann pianos ke da santsi, tsayayyen sauti a cikin duka rajista .

Agusta Förster daga Gabashin Jamus, wanda Giacomo Puccini ya rubuta operas Tosca da Madama Butterfly. Babban masana'anta yana cikin birnin Löbau (Jamus), a cikin ƙarni na 20 an buɗe wani reshen a Jiříkov (Jamhuriyar Czech). Malamai na  Agusta Förster  suna shirye don gwaji da mamaki da kayan aikin su. Don haka a cikin 1928, an ƙirƙiri sabon piano na kwata-kwata (da babban piano) don mawaƙin Rasha I. Vyshnegradsky: ƙirar ta ƙunshi biyu sunadaran , kowanne daga cikinsu yana da nasa firam, allon sauti da igiyoyi. Daya inji An kunna sautin kwata fiye da sauran - don yin ayyukan ban mamaki na Vyshnegradsky.

Babban sautin Quarter-Quarter da piano  Agusta Förster

Kamfanin Jamus Grotrian-Steinweg Mutum ɗaya ne ya kafa shi da Steinway & Sons a Amurka, Henry Steinway (wanda aka sani kafin yin hijira zuwa Amurka da sunan Heinrich Steinweg). Sa'an nan abokin tarayya Grotrian ya sayi masana'anta kuma ya yi wasiyya ga 'ya'yansa: "Mutane, ku yi kayan aiki masu kyau, sauran za su zo." Wannan shine yadda aka ƙirƙiri sabbin firam ɗin ƙwallon ƙafa mai siffar tauraro da sauran ci gaban fasaha da yawa. Tun daga shekarar 2015, kamfanin yana aiki tare da kamfanin Parsons Music Group na kasar Sin.

piano  Grotrian-Steinweg

W. Steinberg kayan kida , haifaffen Thuringia shekaru 135 da suka wuce, har yanzu ana yin su a Jamus. Piano W.Steinberg ya ƙunshi fiye da 6000 sassa, 60% wanda aka yi da itace. duk da a sauti Ya sanya daga Alaskan spruce. Allon sauti , Ruhin piano, yana shiga cikin jerin gwaje-gwaje masu inganci, yana haifar da sauti mai haske da wadata. Amincewa da shekaru 135 na al'ada da fasaha na zamani sun sa waɗannan kayan aikin su yi kyau sosai.

piano  W.Steinberg

Masu kera piano na Jamus Tsalle sanya sauti a gaba, don haka har zuwa yanzu, kamar shekaru 200 da suka gabata, manyan sassan da ke haifar da ruhin piano ana yin su da hannu.

Piano na Jamus da aka fi siyar a tsakiyar karni na 20 sune Schimmel . Yanzu an faɗaɗa layin manyan pianos da pianos. Ga masu tsaka-tsaki, ana samar da pianos na "International": zane mai sauƙi wanda ya dogara da jerin "Classic" mafi tsada, ana yin sassa masu mahimmanci a Jamus.

Sunan Rasha mai daɗi ana ba da pianos na Czech Petrof , wanda ya sami karbuwa a duk faɗin duniya: Petrof ya sha karɓar lambobin zinare a manyan nune-nunen Turai. Petrof yana da yawa a cikin cibiyoyin ilimi na Rasha: watakila babu makarantar kiɗa ɗaya ba tare da piano daga wannan masana'anta ba.

Grand piano da piano Petrof

Gasar da ta dace ga Jamusawa wajen kera piano ta kasance ta kawasaki damuwa . Yamaha sanannen jagora ne a masana'antu da yawa, duk da pianos mai sauti. Thorakusu Yamaha ya fara hawansa daidai da kayan kida. Har wala yau, pianos na aji na farko na Yamaha sun ƙunshi mafi girman ma'auni na inganci da ƙayatarwa. Kowane piano an gina shi da fasahar Yamaha na gargajiya, ta amfani da sabbin injiniyoyi da masu zanen Yamaha.
Yamaha grand pianos suna cikin mafi girma a duniya. Ana amfani da fasaha iri ɗaya wajen samar da pianos. Kamfanonin Yamaha suna cikin Japan, Kokegawa, inda ake yin samfuran mafi tsada, kuma a Indonesiya (samfuran masu amfani).

Daidai piano 

aji na mabukaci

Ƙaddamarwa daga Jamus zuwa gabas, a hankali muna barin fagen fasaha na piano kuma muna ci gaba zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan masu amfani. Yana da ƙananan farashi na 200,000 rubles, don haka idan aka kwatanta da kayan aikin dijital, waɗannan pianos har yanzu suna zama ƙwararrun fasaha na kiɗa.

Yana ɗaukar watanni 3-4 don yin irin wannan piano; kayan aikin suna hidima fiye da shekaru goma. Ana yin samarwa ta atomatik gwargwadon yiwuwar, don haka samar da yawa. Wadannan pianos sun haɗa da:

Piano na Koriya ta Kudu da Samick pianos . A cikin 1980, fitaccen masanin piano Klais Fenner (Jamus) ya fara aiki a Samick. A ƙarƙashin alamarsa, Samick yana samar da pianos da aka yi da nau'ikan itace daban-daban, da kuma manyan nau'ikan pianos a ƙarƙashin samfuran: Samick, Pramberger, Wm. Knabe & Co., Kohler & Campbell da Gebrüder Schulze. Babban abin da ake samarwa yana cikin Indonesiya. Yawancin kayan kida suna amfani da igiyoyin Roslau (Jamus).

Piano da babban piano Weber

Damuwar Koriya ta Kudu Young Chang samar Weber pianos . An kafa shi a cikin 1852 a Bavaria, Koreans sun sayi Weber a tsakiyar karni na 20. Saboda haka, yanzu kayan aikin Weber, a gefe guda, Jamusanci ne na al'ada, a gefe guda, suna da araha, saboda. wanda aka kera a kasar Sin, inda Young Chang ta gina sabuwar masana'anta.

Kawai Kamfanin, wanda aka kafa a cikin 1927 a Japan, yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan jagororin samar da pianos da manyan pianos. Shigeru Kawai manyan pianos na kide kide suna gasa tare da mafi kyawun manyan pianos. Kamfanin ya kafa samarwa a Japan, Indonesia da China. Idan an yi kayan aiki a Japan daga farko zuwa ƙarshe, ya fada cikin rukuni na manyan kayan aiki. Ƙarin araha sune piano na Indonesiya ko taron Sinanci (har ma da sassan Jafananci).

Pianos da manyan pianos  Ritmuller

Ritmuller pianos , waɗanda suka wanzu tun 1795, sun shahara saboda jajircewarsu ga al'adun masu fasahar kiɗan na Turai. Dangane da gine-gine, an bambanta su ta hanyar bene guda biyu, wanda ke sa sautin dumi da wadata (wanda aka sani da mu a yanzu "Euro Sound"). Bayan hadewa da wani babban kamfanin kera kayan kida na kasar Sin. Kogin Pearl , sun sami damar haɓaka ƙarfin samarwa da kuma yin pianos masu araha yayin kiyaye al'adun masters na Turai.

Har ila yau kogin Pearl yana samar da nasa pianos, ta amfani da wasu abubuwan Jamusanci. duk da Roslau kirtani da Ritmuller mataki.

Haɗuwa da ingancin Turai da ƙarfin Sinanci ya ba masu siye da yawa irin su pianos Brodmann (kamfanin da ke da tarihin ƙarni biyu, Austria-China), Irmler (mai inganci daga Blüthner, Jamus-China), Vogel (tare da Shimmel makaniki, Poland-China), Bohemia (C. Bechstein, Jamhuriyar Czech-China) da sauransu.

Lokacin zabar piano, babu makawa za ku ci karo da bayanai dangane da abubuwan da kuka zaɓa kawai. Wannan dabi'a ce ta fasaha. Akwai masana da suka tsawatar da sabbin piano na kasar Sin sosai, akwai wadanda ke kiran kayan kida da aka yi amfani da su, da “itacen wuta”. Saboda haka, yi nazarin kasuwa, mayar da hankali kan bukatunku da damarku, sauraron kayan aiki kuma ku amince da kanku da yawa.

Mawallafi Elena Voronova

Zaɓi piano mai sauti a cikin kantin sayar da kan layi "Student"