Samuel Barber |

Samuel Barber

A cikin 1924-28 ya yi karatu tare da IA ​​Vengerova (piano), R. Scalero (composition), F. Reiner (mai gudanarwa), E. de Gogorz (waƙa) a Cibiyar Kiɗa ta Curtis a Philadelphia, inda daga baya ya koyar da kayan aiki da mawaƙa. aiki (1939-42). A wani lokaci ya yi a matsayin mawaƙa (baritone) da kuma jagoran ayyukansa a cikin biranen Turai, ciki har da bukukuwa (Hereford, 1946). Barber shine marubucin ayyuka masu yawa na nau'o'i daban-daban. A cikin farkon wasan piano, tasirin romantics da SV Rachmaninoff ya bayyana, a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗa - R. Strauss. Daga baya, ya soma abubuwa na m style na matasa B. Bartok, farkon IF Stravinsky da SS Prokofiev. Salon balagagge na Barber yana da alaƙa da haɗuwa da halayen soyayya tare da fasalin neoclassical.

Mafi kyawun ayyukan Barber an bambanta su ta hanyar ƙwararrun nau'i da wadatar rubutu; Ayyukan mawaƙa - tare da fasaha na kayan aiki mai haske (wanda A. Toscanini, A. Kusevitsky da sauran manyan masu gudanarwa suka yi), ayyukan piano - tare da gabatarwar pianistic, murya - tare da hanzari na siffa ta alama, waƙa mai bayyanawa da kuma karatun kiɗa.

Daga cikin abubuwan farko na Barber, mafi mahimmanci sune: wasan kwaikwayo na 1st, Adagio for string orchestra (shirya motsi na 2nd na string quartet 1st), sonata don piano, concerto don violin da orchestra.

Shahararriyar ita ce wasan opera mai ban mamaki Vanessa bisa labarin soyayya na gargajiya (ɗayan ƴan wasan operas na Amurka da aka yi a Metropolitan Opera, New York, 1958). Waƙarta tana da alamar ilimin halin ɗan adam, melodiousness, yana nuna wani kusanci ga aikin "verists", a gefe guda, da kuma operas na marigayi R. Strauss, a daya bangaren.

Abubuwan da aka tsara:

wasan kwaikwayo - Vanessa (1958) da Antony da Cleopatra (1966), jam'iyyar opera opera (A Hand of bridge, Spoleto, 1959); ballet - "Zuciyar Maciji" (Zuciya ta maciji, 1946, 2nd edition 1947; dangane da shi - ƙungiyar makaɗa "Medea", 1947), "Blue Rose" (A blue fure, 1957, ba post.); don murya da makada – “Bakwai na Andromache” (farin Andromache, 1962), “Masoya” (Masoya, bayan P. Neruda, 1971); don makada - 2 symphonies (1st, 1936, 2nd edition - 1943; 2nd, 1944, new edition - 1947), overture to the play "School of Scandal" by R. Sheridan (1932), "Festive Toccata" (Toccata festiva, 1960) , “Fadograph daga yanayin baya” (Fadograph daga yanayin baya, bayan J. Joyce, 1971), kide kide da wake-wake - don piano (1962), don violin (1939), 2 don cello (1946, 1960), ɗakin ballet "Souvenirs" (Souvenirs, 1953); jam'iyya abun da ke ciki - Capricorn Concerto don sarewa, oboe da ƙaho tare da makaɗa kirtani (1944), 2 kirtani quartets (1936, 1948), "Kiɗa na bazara" (Kiɗa na bazara, don quintet na iska), sonata (don sonata don cello da piano, da kuma "Kiɗa don wani yanayi daga Shelley" - Kiɗa don wani scene daga Shelley, 1933, American Rome Prize 1935); kujeru, zagayowar waƙoƙi a gaba. J. Joyce da R. Rilke, cantata Kierkegaard's Addu'o'in (Addu'o'in Kjerkegaard, 1954).

References: Brother N., Samuel Barber, NY, 1954.

V. Yu. Delson