Pavel Serebryakov |

Pavel Serebryakov

Domin shekaru da yawa Pavel Serebryakov ya jagoranci Leningrad Conservatory, mafi tsufa a kasar. Kuma fiye da rabin karni da suka wuce, ya zo nan daga Tsaritsyn, kuma a cikin firgita, ya bayyana a gaban wani ban mamaki hukumar, daga cikin membobi - Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov, kamar yadda za a iya ce a yanzu, daya daga cikin magabata a cikin "kujerar rector." Fitaccen mawakin ya yi la'akari da iyawar matasan lardin, kuma wannan ya zama dalibi a cikin aji na LV Nikolaev. Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na jami'ar Conservatory (1930) da kuma karatun digiri na biyu (1932), ya samu nasarar yin gasar All-Union Competition a 1933 (kyauta ta biyu).

Kyakkyawar fasahar fasaha ba ta tilasta Serebryakov ya watsar da ayyukan kiɗa da zamantakewar al'umma ba, wanda koyaushe yana kusa da yanayinsa mai kuzari. Komawa a cikin 1938, ya tsaya "a kan helkwatar" Leningrad Conservatory kuma ya kasance a cikin wannan alhakin har zuwa 1951; a 1961-1977 ya sake zama rector na Conservatory (tun 1939 farfesa). Kuma a dunkule, a duk tsawon wannan lokaci mai zane ya kasance, kamar yadda suka ce, a cikin kuncin rayuwar fasahar kasar, yana ba da gudummawa ga samuwar da raya al'adun kasa. Ana iya jayayya cewa irin wannan halin kuma ya shafi hanyar pianism, wanda SI Savshinsky ya kira dimokiradiyya daidai.

Kimanin shekaru hamsin akan matakin kide-kide… Isashen lokacin da za a bi ta matakai daban-daban, don canza haɗe-haɗe. The "iska na canji" shãfe, ba shakka, Serebryakov, amma ya m yanayi ya bambanta da wani m mutunci, m na m buri. N. Rostopchina ya rubuta cewa: “Ko a farkon ayyukansa na kade-kade, masu suka sun lura da girma, yunƙuri, yanayi a matsayin wanda ya fi bambanta a cikin wasan kiɗan matashin. A cikin shekaru, bayyanar mai pianist ya canza. Ƙwarewa ta inganta, kamewa, zurfi, tsananin namiji ya bayyana. Amma a wani bangare, fasaharsa ta kasance ba ta canzawa: a cikin sahihanci na ji, sha'awar abubuwan da suka faru, bayyanannun ra'ayoyin duniya.

A cikin palette na Serebryakov, yana da sauƙi don ƙayyade jagorancin gaba ɗaya. Wannan shi ne, da farko, classic piano na Rasha, kuma a ciki, da farko, Rachmaninoff: Concertos na biyu da na uku, Sonata na biyu. Bambance-bambance a kan jigon Corelli, duka zagayowar na etudes-zane-zane, preludes, lokutan kiɗa da ƙari mai yawa. Daga cikin mafi kyawun nasarorin da ƴan wasan pianist suka samu shine Waƙar Waƙoƙin Farko na Tchaikovsky. Duk wannan da dadewa ya ba E. Svetlanov dalilin da ya sa Serebryakov a matsayin m farfaganda na Rasha piano music, a matsayin m fassarar ayyukan Tchaikovsky da Rachmaninov. Bari mu ƙara wa wannan sunayen Mussorgsky da Scriabin.

A kan zane-zane na Serebryakov a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, za mu sami lakabi fiye da 500. Mallakar daban-daban repertoire yadudduka yarda da artist a cikin Leningrad kakar 1967/68 don ba da sake zagayowar goma piano monograph maraice, a cikin abin da ayyukan Beethoven, Chopin, Schumann, Liszt, Brahms, Mussorgsky, Tchaikovsky, Scriabin, Rachmaninov da Prokofiev. aka gabatar. Kamar yadda kake gani, tare da duk tabbacin dandano na fasaha, pianist ba ya ɗaure kansa da kowane irin tsari.

"A cikin fasaha, kamar yadda a cikin rayuwa," in ji shi, "Ina sha'awar tashe-tashen hankula, rikice-rikice masu ban mamaki, ban mamaki ... A cikin kiɗa, Beethoven da Rachmaninov suna kusa da ni. Amma a gare ni cewa bai kamata mai wasan piano ya zama bawa ga sha'awarsa ba… Misali, ina sha'awar kiɗan soyayya - Chopin, Schumann, Liszt. Duk da haka, tare da su, rubutun na ya haɗa da ainihin ayyukan da rubutun Bach, Scarlatti's sonatas, Mozart's da Brahms' concertos da sonatas.

Serebryakov ko da yaushe gane da fahimtar da zamantakewa muhimmancin art a kai tsaye yin yi. Ya ci gaba da dangantaka ta kud da kud tare da mashawartan kiɗa na Soviet, da farko tare da mawaƙa na Leningrad, ya gabatar da masu sauraro ga ayyukan B. Goltz, I. Dzerzhinsky, G. Ustvolskaya, V. Voloshinov, A. Labkovsky, M. Glukh, N. Chervinsky. , B. Maisel, N. Simonyan, V. Uspensky. Yana da mahimmanci a jaddada cewa yawancin waɗannan abubuwan da aka tsara an haɗa su cikin shirye-shiryen balaguron balaguron nasa na ƙasashen waje. A gefe guda, Serebryakov ya kawo hankalin masu sauraron Soviet ba a san su ba ta hanyar E. Vila Lobos, C. Santoro, L. Fernandez da sauran marubuta.

Duk wannan bambance-bambancen "samar da kida" Serebryakov ya nuna a cikin haske da tsanani. Kamar yadda S. Khentova ya jaddada, "kusa-kusa" ya mamaye fassarorinsa: bayyanannen kwane-kwane, bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci. Amma so da tashin hankali suna haɗe a zahiri tare da taushin waƙa, ikhlasi, waƙa da sauƙi. Sauti mai zurfi, cikakken sauti, babban fa'ida mai ƙarfi (daga pianissimo da ƙyar da ba a ji ba zuwa babban fortissimo), bayyananniyar kaɗa mai sassauƙa, mai haske, kusan tasirin sonority na ƙungiyar makaɗa shine tushen gwaninta.

Mun riga mun ce Serebryakov aka hade da Leningrad Conservatory shekaru da yawa. A nan ya horar da ’yan wasan pian da dama da ke aiki a garuruwa daban-daban na kasar. Daga cikin su akwai laureates na duk-Union da na kasa da kasa gasa G. Fedorova, V. Vasiliev, E. Murina, M. Volchok da sauransu.

References: Rostopchina N. Pavel Alekseevich Serebryakov.- L., 1970; Rostopchina N. Pavel Serebryakov. – M., 1978.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990