Kalanda na kiɗa - Yuli

Yuli shine kambi na rani, lokacin hutawa, farfadowa. A cikin duniyar kiɗa, wannan watan ba ya da wadata a cikin abubuwan da suka faru da manyan abubuwan da aka fi sani.

Amma akwai wata hujja mai ban sha'awa: a watan Yuli, an haifi mawaƙan mawaƙa - masters of vocal art, wanda shahararsa har yanzu yana da rai - Tamara Sinyavskaya Elena Obraztsova, Sergey Lemeshev, Praskovya Zhemchugova. Kololuwar lokacin rani alama ce ta haihuwar shahararrun mawaƙa da masu yin kida: Louis Claude Daquin, Gustav Mahler, Carl Orff, Van Cliburn.

Mawakan Almara

4 Yuli 1694 shekara Haihuwar mawakin Faransa, mawaƙa da mawaƙa da organist Louis Claude Daquin. A lokacin rayuwarsa, ya zama sananne a matsayin ƙwararren mai haɓakawa da virtuoso. Daken ya yi aiki a cikin salon Rococo, masu binciken aikinsa sun yi imanin cewa tare da kyawawan ayyukansa na gallant ya yi tsammanin nau'in sifofi na litattafai na karni na XNUMX. A yau mawaƙin ya saba da masu yin wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin marubucin sanannen yanki na mawaƙa "The Cuckoo", wanda aka shirya don kayan kida da yawa na masu yin wasan kwaikwayo.

7 Yuli 1860 shekara wani mawaki dan kasar Austriya ya zo duniya, wanda ake daukarsa a matsayin harbinger na magana. Gustav Mahler. A cikin rubuce-rubucensa, ya nemi sanin matsayin mutum a cikin duniyar da ke kewaye da shi, wanda ya kawo ƙarshen zamanin falsafar soyayya. Mawaƙin ya ce ba zai yi farin ciki da sanin cewa wasu suna shan wahala a wani wuri ba. Irin wannan hali ga gaskiya ya sa ba zai yiwu ya cimma cikakkiyar jituwa a cikin kiɗa ba.

A cikin aikinsa, zagayowar waƙoƙin sun haɗa kai da juna tare da ayyukan ban dariya, wanda ya haifar da haɗar waƙar "Song of the Earth" da ake kira "Song of the Earth" da aka tsara a kan waƙoƙin Sinanci na karni na XNUMX.

10 Yuli 1895 shekara ya shigo ciki Karl Orff, mawakin Jamus, kowane sabon aikin da ya haifar da suka da cece-kuce. Ya nemi shigar da ra'ayoyinsa ta hanyar madawwamiyar dabi'u masu fahimta. Saboda haka motsin "komawa ga kakanni", roko ga tsufa. Haɗa abubuwan sa, Orff bai bi ƙa'idodin salo ko salo ba. Nasarar da mawaki ya kawo cantata "Carmina Burana", wanda daga baya ya zama na 1st part na triptych "Triumphs".

Carl Orff ya kasance koyaushe yana damuwa game da tarbiyyar matasa. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Makarantar Kiɗa, Rawa da Gymnastics na Munich. Kuma cibiyar ilimin kida, wanda aka kirkira a Salzburg tare da sa hannu, ya zama cibiyar horar da malamai ta kasa da kasa don makarantun gaba da sakandare, sannan kuma ga makarantun sakandare.

Masu wasan kwaikwayo na Virtuoso

6 Yuli 1943 shekara An haifi mawaƙa a Moscow, wanda ake kira da sunan mai daraja prima donna. Tamara Sinyavskaya. Ta samu horon horo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi matashi, yana da shekaru 20, kuma ba tare da ilimin ra'ayi ba, wanda ya saba wa dokoki. Amma bayan shekara guda, mawaƙin ya riga ya shiga babban wasan kwaikwayo, kuma bayan wasu biyar, ta kasance mai soloist a kan mafi kyawun matakan opera a duniya.

Yarinya mai murmushi, mai son jama'a, wacce ta san yadda ake jure koma baya da yaki da matsaloli, da sauri ta zama wacce ta fi so a kungiyar. Kuma iyawarta don kwaikwaya da ikon yin amfani da aikin ya ba da damar yin ba kawai sassan mata ba, har ma da hotunan maza da matasa waɗanda aka rubuta don mezzo-soprano ko contralto, alal misali: Vanya daga Ivan Susanin ko Ratmir daga Ruslan da Lyudmila.

7 Yuli 1939 shekara an haifi babban mawaki na zamaninmu, Elena Obraztsova. An san aikinta a matsayin babban abin al'ajabi a cikin kiɗan duniya. Carmen, Delilah, Martha a cikin wasan kwaikwayonta ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin mafi kyawu a cikin jikin mutum na ban mamaki.

Elena Obraztsova aka haife shi a Birnin Leningrad a cikin iyali na injiniya. Amma ba da daɗewa ba iyalin suka koma Taganrog, inda yarinyar ta sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare. A cikin haɗari da haɗari, ba tare da son iyayenta ba, Elena ya yi ƙoƙari ya shiga Leningrad Conservatory, wanda ya zama nasara. Singer ya fara halarta a karon a kan mataki na Bolshoi, yayin da har yanzu dalibi. Kuma ba da daɗewa ba bayan kammala karatun digiri, ta fara rangadin duk manyan wuraren zama a duniya.

10 Yuli 1902 shekara ya bayyana ga duniya Sergey Lemeshev, wanda daga baya ya zama fitaccen mawallafin waƙa na zamaninmu. An haife shi a lardin Tver a cikin dangin ɗan ƙauye mai sauƙi. Saboda mutuwar mahaifinsa da wuri, yaron ya yi aiki tuƙuru don taimaka wa mahaifiyarsa. Mawaƙin nan gaba ya fara shiga cikin waƙoƙi ta hanyar haɗari. Saurayin da babban yayansa suna kiwon dawakai suna rera wakoki. Wani injiniya Nikolai Kvashnin ya ji suna wucewa. Ya gayyaci Sergei ya ɗauki darasi daga matarsa.

A cikin shugabanci na Komsomol Lemeshev zama dalibi a Moscow Conservatory. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya yi hidima a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Sverdlovsk, sannan kuma a Opera na Rasha a Harbin. Sai kuma Tiflis, sai kuma Big, inda aka gayyace mawaƙin zuwa bikin. Bangaren da aka rera waƙa na Berendey daga The Snow Maiden ya buɗe masa kofofin babban matakin ƙasar. Ya halarci fiye da 30 productions. Babban rawar da ya taka shine bangaren Lensky, wanda ya yi sau 501.

12 Yuli 1934 shekara a cikin ƙaramin garin Shreveport na Amurka, an haifi ɗan wasan pian wanda ya ƙaunaci miliyoyin masu sauraro a cikin USSR. Van Cliburn. Yaron ya fara karatun piano tun yana dan shekara 4 a karkashin jagorancin mahaifiyarsa. Matashin pianist ya ji daɗin wasan kwaikwayon Sergei Rachmaninov, wanda ya ba da ɗaya daga cikin kide-kide na ƙarshe a Shreveport. Yaron ya yi aiki tuƙuru, kuma yana da shekaru 13, bayan ya lashe gasar, ya sami 'yancin yin wasa tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Houston.

Don ci gaba da karatunsa, saurayin ya zaɓi Makarantar Kiɗa ta Juilliard a New York. Ya kasance babban nasara ga Cliburn cewa ya shiga cikin ajin Rosina Levina, sanannen dan wasan pian, wanda ya sauke karatu daga Moscow Conservatory a lokaci guda tare da Rachmaninoff. Ita ce ta nace cewa Van Cliburn ya shiga cikin gasar 1st Tchaikovsky, wanda aka gudanar a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, har ma ya fitar da shi kyauta na musamman don tafiya. Alkalin kotun, wanda D. Shostakovich ke jagoranta, ya ba wa matashin Amurka nasara baki daya.

В a ranar Yuli 1768 a cikin Yaroslavl lardin a cikin wani iyali na serfs aka haife Praskovya Kovalev (Zhemchugova). Lokacin da yake da shekaru 8, godiya ga kyakkyawar iyawar muryarta, ta girma a cikin Estate Marta Dolgoruky kusa da Moscow. Yarinyar cikin sauƙi ta ƙware ilimin kiɗan kiɗa, tana buga garaya da garaya, Italiyanci da Faransanci. Ba da da ewa, talented yarinya fara yi a Sheremetyev Theater karkashin pseudonym na Praskovia Zhemchugova.

Daga cikin mafi kyawun ayyukanta akwai Alzved ("The Village Boka" na Rousseau), Louise ("The Deserter" na Monsigny), rawar a operas na Paisello da kuma na farko Rasha operas na Pashkevich. A 1798, da singer samu ta 'yanci, kuma nan da nan ya auri dan Count Peter Sheremetev, Nikolai.

Louis Claude Daquin - Cuckoo

Mawallafi - Victoria Denisova