Kalanda na kiɗa - Fabrairu

A cikin tarihin kiɗa, Fabrairu ta kasance alamar haihuwar manyan mawaƙa kamar Alexander Dargomyzhsky, Georg Friedrich Handel da Felix Mendelssohn.

Amma jama'ar wasan kwaikwayo ba su ci gaba da jin haushin su ba. A wannan watan an ga farkon manyan abubuwan halitta kamar na Mussorgsky Boris Godunov da Khovanshchina, Rossini's Barber of Seville da Madama Butterfly na Puccini.

Waƙarsu ta ratsa zukatanmu

3 Fabrairu 1809 ya bayyana ga duniya a Hamburg, Jamus Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdi. Schumann ya kira shi Mozart na karni na 19. Tare da aikinsa, ya nemi haɓaka al'adun kiɗa na al'ummar Jamus, ƙarfafa al'adun ƙasa, da ilmantar da ƙwararrun masu ilimi. Kuma ga kade-kaden shahararriyar tattakin aurensa da aka shafe shekaru 170 ana ta yi, miliyoyin mutane a fadin duniya sun yi aure.

14 Fabrairu 1813 a ƙauyen Voskresensky, lardin Tula, an haife shi Alexander Dargomyzhsky, gaba harbinger na gaskiya a cikin Rasha music. A cikin karatunsa na gida, an ba da babban wuri don wasan kwaikwayo, waƙa, da kiɗa. Ƙaunar fasaha da aka zura a ƙuruciya ce ta ƙayyade ƙarin sha'awar kunna piano da abun ciki. Sha'awarsa don bayyana gaskiyar rayuwa ta hanyar kiɗa ya kasance a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, musamman, a cikin "Mermaid", da kuma a cikin romances, kuma a cikin ayyukan mawaƙa.

21 Fabrairu 1791 An haifi wani yaro a Ostiriya, wanda duk wani matashin dan wasan piano ya san sunansa a yau. Karl Czerny. Dalibin Beethoven, ya ƙirƙiri wata makarantar pianistic ta musamman, gami da motsa jiki da yawa, daɗaɗa daban-daban, yana ba masu pian damar a hankali su ƙware mafi yawan fasahohin wasan piano. Franz Liszt ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun ɗaliban Czerny.

23 Fabrairu 1685 ya ga duniya wani mutum wanda sunansa ya zama daya daga cikin shahararrun a tarihin waka - Georg Friedrich Handel. Mahaliccin Haskakawa, ya yi tsammanin saurin ci gaban nau'ikan nau'ikan oratorio da opera, ya kasance kusa da hanyoyin farar hula na L. Beethoven, da wasan kwaikwayo na opera na K. Gluck, da yanayin soyayya. Wani abin sha'awa shi ne, Jamus da Ingila suna ta cece-kuce kan kasancewar wannan mawakin dan kasa. A cikin farko an haife shi, kuma a cikin na biyu ya rayu mafi yawan rayuwarsa, ya zama sananne.

Romawa AS Dargomyzhsky "Ina son ku" (ayoyi na AS Pushkin) wanda Vladimir Tverskoy ya yi.

29 Fabrairu 1792 a Italiyanci Pesaro an haifi wani yaro, wanda sunansa ya dauki matsayi na musamman a tsakanin mawakan Italiyanci. Gioacchino Rossini. Ya fara ƙirƙira a lokacin da opera na Italiya ya fara rasa matsayi mai mahimmanci, yana juya zuwa wasan kwaikwayo mara ma'ana. Nasarar wasan operas na Rossini, wanda kololuwar su shine Barber of Seville, ba wai kawai don kyawun kidan ba ne, har ma da sha'awar mawakin na cika su da abubuwan kishin kasa. Tauraron operas na maestro ya jawo cece-kuce ga jama'a, wanda ya kai ga sanya ido na tsawon lokaci 'yan sanda kan mawakin.

Fasahar sihiri ta waƙa

13 Fabrairu 1873 an haife shi a Kazan a cikin dangin talakawa matalauta Fedor Chaliapin, ya zama mafi girman wasan kwaikwayo a zamaninmu. Nasara ta zo masa da halaye guda biyu waɗanda aka ba shi cikakkiyar su: murya ta musamman da ƙwarewar wasan kwaikwayo mara misaltuwa. Da ya fara aiki a matsayin ƙarin a cikin ƙungiyar tafiya ta Kazan, da farko ya canza wurin aikinsa sau da yawa. Amma godiya ga darussan rera daga shahararren mawaki Usatov da kuma goyon bayan mai ba da taimako Mamontov, aikin Chaliapin ya tashi da sauri kuma ya kai shi ga kololuwar nasara na kerawa. Mawaƙin, wanda ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka a 1922, ya kasance mawaƙa na Rasha har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwarsa, bai canza zama ɗan ƙasa ba, an kai tokarsa zuwa Moscow kuma an binne shi a cikin kabari na Novodevichy.

A wannan shekarar, 1873, a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu. a bayan Naples, an haifi wani mawaƙa, wanda ya zama labari - Enrico Caruso. A Italiya a lokacin yana da matukar wahala a shiga babban mataki. Ma'aikata na aji na farko ne kawai aka yiwa rajista fiye da 1, wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari ga irin wannan ƙasa "waƙa". Duk da haka, ƙwarewa na musamman da kuma damar (ƙananan rawa a cikin opera "Abokin Francesco" wanda Caruso ya rera waƙa fiye da jagoran soloist) ya ba shi damar tashi zuwa kololuwar shahara.

Duk abokan hulɗa da abokan haɗin gwiwa a kan dandalin sun lura da muryarsa mai ban sha'awa, mafi kyawun palette na ji a cikin rera da kuma babbar gwanintarsa ​​na ban mamaki. Irin wannan guguwar motsin rai ba za ta iya kasancewa ba, kuma ana lura da Caruso lokaci-lokaci a cikin ginshiƙan tsegumi saboda ɓarna, barkwanci da abubuwan ban tsoro.

Mafi Girma Premier

A watan Fabrairu, an gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na farko na biyu daga cikin manyan operas na M. Mussorgsky, wadanda ba su bar mataki ba har yau. 8 Fabrairu 1874 farko a Mariinsky Theater "Boris Godunov" yana aiki duka ɗaukaka da tsananta. Nasarar gaske ta zo a cikin 1908, lokacin da Fyodor Chaliapin ya yi aikin Boris a cikin samarwa a Paris.

Kuma bayan shekaru 12. 21 ga Fabrairu, 1886. riga bayan mutuwar mawaki, da mambobi na da'irar kade-kade da wasan kwaikwayo a St. Petersburg, aka shirya. opera "Khovanshchina" Haihuwar wasan kwaikwayon ita ce samar da Moscow a kan mataki na Savva Mamontov na Opera mai zaman kansa a 1897, inda sashin Dosifey ya yi ta Chaliapin guda.

Wurin duban Marta daga wasan opera "Khovanshchina" na MP Mussorgsky

17 Fabrairu 1904 ga haske Wasan opera na Puccini Madama Butterfly. An shirya shi a La Scala na Milan. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa farkon wannan wasan kwaikwayon, kamar sauran mashahuran operas guda biyu har zuwa yau - "La Traviata" da "Barber of Seville", ya zama rashin nasara. Tare da waƙoƙin ƙarshe, ƙarar hayaniya, kururuwa da batsa sun faɗo kan ƴan wasan. Cikin baƙin ciki da abin da ya faru, Puccini ya soke wasan na biyu, kodayake matakin ya haɗa da biyan babbar riba. Mawallafin ya yi gyare-gyare, kuma samfurin na gaba ya kasance babban nasara a Brescia, inda mai gudanarwa ya kasance Arturo Toscanini.

20 Fabrairu 1816 a Roma, wani gagarumin farko ya faru - a kan mataki na wasan kwaikwayo "Argentina" da aka shirya Wasan opera na Rossini The Barber of Seville. Fim ɗin bai yi nasara ba. Magoya bayan Giovanni Paisello, wanda opera na wannan sunan ya kasance a kan mataki na shekaru 30, sun yi wa Rossini raira waƙa kuma sun tilasta masa barin gidan wasan kwaikwayo a asirce. Wannan lamarin shi ne dalilin da ya sa aka samu raguwar shaharar wasan kwaikwayo.

Mawallafi - Victoria Denisova