Isabella Colbran |

Isabella Colbran

Colbrand tana da soprano da ba kasafai ba - kewayon muryarta ya rufe kusan octaves uku kuma a cikin dukkan rajistar an bambanta ta da kyau ko'ina, taushi da kyau. Tana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano na kiɗa, fasahar zazzagewa da nuance (ana kiranta da "black nightingale"), ta san duk asirin bel canto kuma ta shahara da gwaninta na wasan kwaikwayo don tsananin baƙin ciki.

Tare da musamman nasara, da singer halitta romantic hotuna na karfi, m, warai wahala mata, kamar Elizabeth Ingila ("Elizabeth, Sarauniya na Ingila"), Desdemona ("Othello"), Armida ("Armida"), Elchia (" Musa a Misira"), Elena ("Mace daga tafkin"), Hermione ("Hermione"), Zelmira ("Zelmira"), Semiramide ("Semiramide"). Daga cikin sauran rawar da ta taka, za ka iya lura Julia ( "The Vestal Virgin"), Donna Anna ( "Don Giovanni"), Medea ("Medea a Koranti").

An haifi Isabella Angela Colbran a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 1785 a Madrid. 'Yar mawaƙin kotun Spain, ta sami horo mai kyau na murya, na farko a Madrid daga F. Pareja, sannan a Naples daga G. Marinelli da G. Cresentini. Daga karshe ta goge muryarta. Colbrand ta fara fitowa a shekara ta 1801 akan wani wasan kide kide a birnin Paris. Duk da haka, manyan nasarorin suna jiran ta a kan matakan biranen Italiya: tun 1808 Colbrand ya kasance mai soloist a cikin gidajen opera na Milan, Venice da Rome.

Tun 1811, Isabella Colbrand ta kasance mai soloist a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na San Carlo a Naples. Sa'an nan kuma taron farko na sanannen mawaƙa kuma mai ba da labari Gioacchino Rossini ya faru. Maimakon haka, sun san juna a baya, lokacin da wata rana a cikin 1806 an yarda da su don rera waƙa a Kwalejin Kiɗa na Bologna. Amma sai Gioacchino ya kasance kawai sha huɗu…

Wani sabon taro ya faru ne kawai a cikin 1815. Ya riga ya shahara, Rossini ya zo Naples don yin wasan opera Elisabeth, Sarauniyar Ingila, inda Colbrand zai yi rawar take.

Nan da nan aka rinjayi Rossini. Kuma ba abin mamaki ba: yana da wuya a gare shi, masanin kyan gani, don tsayayya da fara'a na mace da 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, wanda Stendhal ya bayyana a cikin waɗannan kalmomi: "Yana da kyau na wani nau'i na musamman: manyan siffofi na fuska, musamman m. daga mataki, tsayi, mai zafi, kamar macen Circassian, idanu , mop na gashi mai launin shuɗi-baki. Duk wannan ya haɗu da wani mummunan wasa mai ban tausayi. A rayuwar wannan matar, babu wasu kyawawan halaye kamar wasu masu kantin sayar da kayayyaki, amma da zarar ta yi wa kanta rawani, nan da nan ta fara tayar da mutunci ba tare da son rai ba har ma da wadanda suka yi magana da ita a falo. …”

Colbrand a lokacin ta kasance a kololuwar sana'arta na fasaha kuma a cikin fitattun kyawunta na mata. Isabella ya kasance mai kula da sanannen impresario Barbaia, wanda abokinsa na kirki ce. Shi ya sa sarki da kansa ya ba ta. Amma daga farkon tarurrukan da suka shafi aikin a kan rawar, sha'awarta ga mai farin ciki da ban sha'awa Gioacchino ya girma.

An fara wasan opera mai suna “Elizabeth, Sarauniyar Ingila” a ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 1815. Ga abin da A. Frakcaroli ya rubuta: “Wani wasa ne mai girma a ranar sunan yarima mai jiran gado. Katon gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya cika makil. An ji tashin gwauron zabo, kafin guguwa a cikin falon. Baya ga Colbran, Shahararrun mawakanta Andrea Nozari da Manuel Garcia, wani mawaƙi ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya ne suka rera Signora Dardanelli. Wannan yarinya, da zarar ta fara zazzagewa, nan take ta fara waka. Waɗannan su ne farkon muryoyin wanda aka ƙaddara daga baya ya zama sanannen Maria Malibran. Da farko, har sai da duet na Nozari da Dardanelli suka yi sauti, masu sauraro sun kasance masu ƙiyayya da tsauri. Amma wannan duet ya narkar da kankara. Bayan haka, lokacin da aka yi ƙaramin waƙa mai ban mamaki, Neapolitans masu kishi, faɗaɗawa, yanayin yanayi sun daina kame tunaninsu, sun manta da son zuciya da son zuciya kuma suka fashe cikin farin ciki mai ban mamaki.

Matsayin Sarauniya Elizabeth ta Ingila ya zama, bisa ga masu zamani, ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun halittar Colbran. Stendhal iri ɗaya, wanda ba ta taɓa jin tausayin mawaƙin ba, an tilasta masa yarda cewa a nan ta zarce kanta, tana nuna "sausancin muryarta mai ban mamaki" da baiwar "babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mai ban tausayi."

Isabella ta rera fitowar aria a wasan karshe - "Kyakkyawan rai, mai daraja", wanda ya kasance mai wahala a yi! Wani ya yi magana daidai lokacin: aria ya kasance kamar akwati, buɗewa wanda Isabella ya iya nuna duk dukiyar muryarta.

Rossini ba shi da wadata a lokacin, amma zai iya ba da ƙaunataccensa fiye da lu'u-lu'u - sassan jarumai na soyayya, wanda aka rubuta musamman ga Colbrand, dangane da muryarta da bayyanarta. Wasu ma sun zargi mawaƙin don “ya sadaukar da bayyananniyar ra’ayi da wasan kwaikwayo na yanayi saboda yanayin da Colbrand ya yi ado,” don haka ya ci amanar kansa. Tabbas, yanzu a bayyane yake cewa waɗannan zagi ba su da tushe: wahayi zuwa gare shi ta "buduwar budurwarsa", Rossini ya yi aiki ba tare da son kai ba.

Shekara guda bayan wasan opera Elizabeth, Sarauniyar Ingila, Colbrand ya rera Desdemona a karon farko a cikin sabuwar opera ta Rossini Otello. Ta yi fice har ma a cikin manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo: Nozari - Othello, Chichimarra - Iago, David - Rodrigo. Wanene zai iya tsayayya da sihirin aikin na uku? Guguwa ce ta murkushe komai, a zahiri ta raba rai. Kuma a cikin tsakiyar wannan hadari - tsibirin natsuwa, shiru da ban sha'awa - "Waƙar Willow", wanda Colbrand ya yi tare da irin wannan jin cewa ya taɓa dukan masu sauraro.

A nan gaba, Colbrand ya yi da yawa more Rossinian heroines: Armida (a cikin opera na wannan sunan), Elchia (Musa a Misira), Elena (Lady na Lake), Hermione da Zelmira (a cikin operas na wannan sunan). Har ila yau, wakokinta sun haɗa da rawar soprano a cikin operas The Thieving Magpie, Torvaldo da Dorlisca, Ricciardo da Zoraida.

Bayan farko na "Musa a Misira" a kan Maris 5, 1818 a Naples, gida jaridar ya rubuta: "Da alama cewa "Elizabeth" da "Othello" ba su bar signora Colbran begen sabon theatrical laurels, amma a cikin rawar da Elchia mai tausayi da rashin jin daɗi a cikin "Musa" ta nuna kanta har ma fiye da Elizabeth da Desdemona. Aikinta yana da ban tausayi sosai; shigarta da dad'i suke ratsa zuciya ta cika ta da ni'ima. A cikin aria ta ƙarshe, wanda, a gaskiya, a cikin bayyanarsa, a cikin zane da launi, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun Rossini, rayukan masu sauraro sun sami farin ciki mafi girma.

Shekaru shida, Colbrand da Rossini sun taru, sannan suka sake rabuwa.

A. Frakkaroli ya rubuta cewa: "Sa'an nan, a lokacin The Lady of the Lake, wanda ya rubuta musamman mata, kuma jama'a sun yi ihu da rashin adalci a farkon wasan, Isabella ta kasance mai ƙauna tare da shi. Watakila a karon farko a rayuwarta ta samu wani irin taushin hali mai ratsa jiki, wani irin yanayi mai tsafta da ba ta taba sani ba, kusan sha'awar uwa ce ta jajanta wa wannan babban yaron, wacce ta fara bayyana kanta gareta a cikin wani yanayi na bacin rai, ta watsar da ita. abin rufe fuska na izgili. Sai ta fahimci rayuwar da ta yi a baya ba ta dace da ita ba, ta bayyana masa yadda take ji. Kalmomin soyayya na gaskiya sun ba Gioacchino wani babban farin ciki wanda ba a san shi ba a baya, saboda bayan kalmomin da ba a iya bayyanawa ba waɗanda mahaifiyarsa ta yi magana da shi tun yana ƙuruciya, yawanci yakan ji daga mata ne kawai kalmomin ƙauna da aka saba suna bayyana sha'awar sha'awa a cikin saurin walƙiya kuma kamar yadda yake. da sauri tana gushewa sha'awa. Isabella da Gioacchino sun fara tunanin cewa zai yi kyau su haɗu a cikin aure kuma su rayu ba tare da rabuwa ba, suna aiki tare a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda sau da yawa yakan kawo musu daraja na nasara.

Ƙarfafawa, amma mai amfani, maestro bai manta game da ɓangaren kayan ba, gano cewa wannan ƙungiya yana da kyau daga kowane ra'ayi. Ya karɓi kuɗin da babu wani maestro da ya taɓa samu (ba sosai ba, saboda aikin mawaƙi yana da lada mara kyau, amma, gabaɗaya, ya isa ya rayu sosai). Kuma ta kasance mai arziki: tana da gidaje da saka hannun jari a Sicily, wani gida da filaye a Castenaso, kilomita goma daga Bologna, wanda mahaifinta ya saya daga kwalejin Sipaniya a lokacin mamayar Faransa kuma ya bar ta a matsayin gado. Babban birninsa ya kai dubu arba'in scudos na Romawa. Bugu da ƙari, Isabella ya kasance sanannen mawaƙa, kuma muryarta ta kawo mata kuɗi mai yawa, kuma kusa da irin wannan mawallafin mawaƙa, wanda duk abin ban mamaki ya tsage, samun kudin shiga zai kara karuwa. Kuma maestro din ya samar da wasan operas dinsa da kyakykyawan wasan kwaikwayo."

An yi aure a ranar 6 ga Maris, 1822 a Castenaso, kusa da Bologna, a cikin ɗakin sujada na Virgine del Pilar a cikin Villa Colbran. A lokacin, ya bayyana a fili cewa mafi kyawun shekarun mawakiyar sun riga sun kasance a bayanta. Wahalhalun muryar bel canto ya zarce karfinta, bayanan karya ba sabon abu bane, sassauci da hazakar muryarta sun bace. A cikin 1823, Isabella Colbrand ya gabatar wa jama'a a karo na ƙarshe sabon wasan opera na Rossini, Semiramide, ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrunsa.

A cikin "Semiramide" Isabella ta karbi daya daga cikin jam'iyyun "ta" - jam'iyyar Sarauniya, mai mulkin opera da vocals. Matsayi mai daraja, ban sha'awa, gwanin ban mamaki na ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mai ban tausayi, iyawar murya na ban mamaki - duk wannan ya sa aikin ɓangaren ya yi fice.

An fara wasan kwaikwayo na "Semiramide" a Venice a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, 1823. Babu wani wurin zama mara komai da ya rage a gidan wasan kwaikwayo, masu sauraro sun cika har ma a cikin tituna. Ba shi yiwuwa a motsa a cikin akwatunan.

“Kowace fitowar,” in ji jaridun, “an ɗaga shi zuwa taurari. Mataki na Marianne, duet tare da Colbrand-Rossini da matakin Galli, da kuma kyakkyawar tercet na mawaƙa uku masu suna a sama, sun ba da haske.

Colbrand ya rera waka a cikin "Semiramide" yayin da yake a birnin Paris, yana ƙoƙari da fasaha mai ban mamaki don ɓoye kuskuren da ke cikin muryarta, amma wannan ya kawo mata rashin jin daɗi. "Semiramide" ita ce wasan opera ta ƙarshe da ta rera waƙa. Ba da daɗewa ba, Colbrand ta daina yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan mataki, kodayake har yanzu tana fitowa lokaci-lokaci a cikin salon kide-kide.

Don cike gurbin da aka samu, Colbran ya fara buga katunan kuma ya kamu da wannan aikin. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin dalilan da ma'auratan Rossini ke ƙara ƙaura daga juna. Sai ya zama da wahala mawaƙin ya jure irin rashin hankalin matarsa ​​da ta lalace. A farkon 30s, lokacin da Rossini ya sadu kuma ya ƙaunaci Olympia Pelissier, ya zama a fili cewa rabuwa ba makawa.

Colbrand ya yi sauran kwanakinta a Castenaso, inda ta mutu a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 1845, gaba ɗaya ita kaɗai, kowa ya manta. An manta da wakokin da ta yi yawa a rayuwarta.