Glass harmonica: bayanin kayan aiki, abun da ke ciki, tarihi, amfani

Kayan aiki da ba kasafai ba tare da sautin da ba a saba gani ba yana cikin nau'in sautin wawa, wanda ake fitar da sauti daga jiki ko wani bangare na kayan aikin ba tare da nakasar farko ba (matsi ko tashin hankali na membrane ko kirtani). Gilashin harmonica yana amfani da ikon damshin gefen jirgin ruwan gilashi don samar da sautin kiɗa lokacin shafa.

Menene harmonica gilashi

Babban ɓangaren na'urarsa shine saitin hemispheres (kofuna) masu girma dabam dabam da aka yi da gilashi. An ɗora sassan a kan sandar ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, iyakar waɗanda aka haɗe zuwa bangon akwatin resonator na katako tare da murfi.

Vinegar diluted da ruwa an zuba a cikin tanki, kullum moistening gefuna na kofuna. Shaft tare da abubuwan gilashi suna juyawa godiya ga tsarin watsawa. Mawaƙin yana taɓa kofuna da yatsunsa kuma a lokaci guda yana saita sandar motsi ta danna fedal da ƙafarsa.

Tarihi

Asalin asali na kayan kiɗan ya bayyana a tsakiyar karni na 30 kuma ya kasance saitin gilashin 40-XNUMX da aka cika da ruwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban. An kira wannan sigar “kofin kiɗa”. A tsakiyar karni na XNUMX, Benjamin Franklin ya inganta shi ta hanyar haɓaka tsarin hemispheres akan axis, wanda ke motsa ƙafa. An kira sabon fasalin gilashin harmonica.

Kayan aikin da aka sake ƙirƙira cikin sauri ya sami farin jini a tsakanin masu yin wasan kwaikwayo da mawaƙa. Hasse, Mozart, Strauss, Beethoven, Gaetano Donizetti, Karl Bach (ɗan babban mawaki), Mikhail Glinka, Pyotr Tchaikovsky, Anton Rubinstein ne ya rubuta masa sassan.

A farkon karni na 1970, gwanintar wasan harmonica ya ɓace, ya zama nunin gidan kayan gargajiya. Mawaƙa Philippe Sard da George Crum sun jawo hankali ga kayan aiki a cikin XNUMXs. Daga baya, kidan gilashin hemispheres ya yi sauti a cikin ayyukan masu kida na zamani da mawakan dutse, misali, Tom Waits da Pink Floyd.

Amfani da kayan aiki

Sautin sa ba a saba gani ba, da alama yana da kyau, sihiri, mai ban mamaki. An yi amfani da gilashin harmonica don ƙirƙirar yanayi na asiri, misali, a cikin sassan halittun tatsuniyoyi. Franz Mesmer, likitan da ya gano hypnosis, ya yi amfani da irin wannan kida don shakatawa da marasa lafiya kafin a yi bincike. A wasu biranen Jamus, an hana gilashin harmonica saboda mummunan tasirin da ake kyautata zaton zai shafi mutane da dabbobi.