Francesco Paolo Tosti |

Francesco Paolo Tosti

Mawaƙin Italiyanci Francesco Paolo Tosti shine batu na dogon lokaci, watakila ma ƙaunatacciyar ƙauna ta mawaƙa da masu son kiɗa. Shirin na solo concert na tauraro da wuya ya tafi ba tare da Marechiare or Alfijir yana raba inuwa da haske, Ƙaddamar da aikin soyayya na Tosti yana ba da tabbacin ruri mai sha'awa daga masu sauraro, kuma babu wani abu da za a ce game da fayafai. Duk fitattun mawaƙa sun yi rikodin ayyukan muryar maigidan ba tare da togiya ba.

Ba haka ba ne da sukar kiɗa. Tsakanin yaƙe-yaƙe na duniya guda biyu, "gurus" biyu na ilimin kiɗa na Italiyanci, Andrea Della Corte da Guido Pannen, sun buga littafin Tarihin Kiɗa, wanda, daga duk abin da ya faru na gaske na Tosti (a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, gidan wallafe-wallafen Ricordi ya buga. cikakken tarin soyayya don murya da piano a cikin juzu'i goma sha huɗu (!) da aka cece sosai daga mantawa da waƙa ɗaya kawai, mun riga mun ambata. Marechiare. Misali na masters ya kasance tare da abokan aikin da ba a san su ba: duk mawallafin kiɗa na salon, marubutan soyayya da waƙoƙin da aka yi musu da gaskiya, idan ba raini ba. Duk an manta su.

Kowa banda Tostya. Daga cikin salon aristocratic, waƙoƙin waƙarsa suna tafiya a hankali zuwa wuraren kide-kide. Very belatedly, tsanani zargi kuma yi magana game da mawaki daga Abruzzo: a 1982, a garinsu na Ortona (lardin Chieti), da National Institute of Tosti aka kafa, wanda nazarin al'adunsa.

An haifi Francesco Paolo Tosti a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 1846. A Ortona, akwai wani tsohon ɗakin sujada a Cathedral na San Tommaso. A can ne Tosti ya fara karatun kiɗa. A shekara ta 1858, yana da shekaru goma, ya sami gurbin karatu na sarauta na Bourbon, wanda ya ba shi damar ci gaba da karatunsa a sanannen Conservatory na San Pietro a Majella a Naples. Malamansa a cikin abun da ke ciki sune manyan mashahuran zamaninsu: Carlo Conti da Saverio Mercadante. Siffar siffa ta rayuwar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ita ce "maestrino" - ɗaliban da suka yi fice a kimiyyar kiɗa, waɗanda aka ba wa amanar koyar da ƙanana. Francesco Paolo Tosti yana daya daga cikinsu. A shekara ta 1866, ya sami takardar shaidar difloma a matsayin ɗan wasan violin kuma ya koma ƙasarsa ta Ortona, inda ya ɗauki matsayin darektan kiɗa na ɗakin sujada.

A shekara ta 1870, Tosti ya isa Roma, inda saninsa da mawaki Giovanni Sgambati ya buɗe masa kofofin kayan gargajiya da na gargajiya. A babban birnin na sabuwar, Tarayyar Italiya, Tosti da sauri ya sami shahara a matsayin marubucin kyawawan salon soyayya, wanda sau da yawa ya rera, tare da kansa a kan piano, kuma a matsayin malamin rera waƙa. Gidan sarauta kuma suna mika wuya ga nasarar maestro. Tosti ya zama malamin waƙar kotu ga Gimbiya Margherita na Savoy, Sarauniyar Italiya ta gaba.

A cikin 1873, haɗin gwiwarsa tare da gidan wallafe-wallafen Ricordi ya fara, wanda daga baya zai buga kusan dukkanin ayyukan Tosti; Bayan shekaru biyu, Maestro ya ziyarci Ingila a karon farko, inda ya shahara ba wai kawai don kiɗa ba, har ma da fasahar malaminsa. Tun 1875, Tosti yana yin wasan kwaikwayo a nan kowace shekara tare da kide-kide, kuma a cikin 1880 ya koma London. An ba shi amana da komai kasa da ilimin murya na 'ya'yan Sarauniya Victoria mata biyu Maryamu da Beatrix, da kuma Duchess na Tack da Alben. Har ila yau, ya sami nasarar cika ayyukan mai shirya bukukuwan kiɗa na kotu: littattafan Sarauniya sun ƙunshi yabo mai yawa ga maestro na Italiyanci, duka a cikin wannan matsayi da kuma mawaƙa.

A ƙarshen 1880s, Tosti da kyar ya ketare iyakar shekaru arba'in, kuma shahararsa da gaske ba ta da iyaka. Duk soyayyar da aka buga shine nasara nan take. "Londoner" daga Abruzzo ba ya manta game da ƙasarsa ta haihuwa: yakan ziyarci Roma, Milan, Naples, da kuma Francavilla, wani gari a lardin Chieti. Gidansa a Francavilla ya ziyarci Gabriele D'Annunzio, Matilde Serao, Eleonora Duse.

A London, ya zama "majiɓinci" na 'yan ƙasa da ke neman shiga cikin yanayin kiɗa na Ingilishi: daga cikinsu akwai Pietro Mascagni, Ruggiero Leoncavallo, Giacomo Puccini.

Tun 1894, Tosti ya kasance farfesa a Kwalejin Kiɗa na Royal Royal na London. A cikin 1908, "House of Ricordi" yana murna da karni na kafuwarta, kuma abun da ke ciki, wanda ya kammala karni na ɗari na ayyukan gidan wallafe-wallafen Milan mai lamba 112, shine "Songs na Amaranta" - soyayya hudu ta Tosti akan wakoki. by D'Annunzio. A wannan shekarar, Sarki Edward VII ya ba Tosti lakabin baronet.

A cikin 1912, Maestro ya koma ƙasarsa, shekarun ƙarshe na rayuwarsa sun wuce a Otal ɗin Excelsior a Rome. Francesco Paolo Tosti ya mutu a Roma a ranar 2 ga Disamba, 1916.

Don yin magana game da Tostya kawai a matsayin marubucin waƙoƙin da ba a iya mantawa da su, da gaske na sihiri na sihiri, sau ɗaya kuma gaba ɗaya shiga cikin zuciyar mai sauraro, yana nufin ba shi ɗaya daga cikin darajar da ya samu daidai. Mawaƙin ya kasance da tunani mai ratsawa da kuma cikakkiyar masaniyar iyawarsa. Bai rubuta wasan operas ba, yana tsare kansa a fagen fasahar murya na ɗakin ɗakin. Amma a matsayinsa na marubucin waƙa da soyayya, ya zama wanda ba za a manta da shi ba. Sun kawo masa suna a duniya. Waƙar Tostya tana da alamar asalin ƙasa mai haske, sauƙin bayyanawa, ɗaukaka da kyawun salo. Yana adana a cikin kansa abubuwan da ke cikin yanayi na waƙar Neapolitan, zurfin raɗaɗin sa. Baya ga fara'a da ba za a misaltuwa ba, ayyukan Tosti suna bambanta ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran ilimin yuwuwar muryar ɗan adam, dabi'a, alheri, ma'auni mai ban mamaki na kiɗa da kalmomi, da ɗanɗano mai daɗi a cikin zaɓin rubutun waƙa. Ya kirkiri soyayya da yawa tare da hadin gwiwar shahararrun mawakan Italiya, Tosti kuma ya rubuta wakoki a cikin rubutun Faransanci da Ingilishi. Sauran mawaƙa, abokansa, sun bambanta ne kawai a cikin wasu ayyukan asali kuma daga baya sun sake maimaita kansu, yayin da kiɗa na Tostya, marubucin litattafai goma sha huɗu na romances, ya kasance a matsayi mai girma. Lu'u-lu'u ɗaya yana bin wani.