Salon jama'a a cikin kiɗan gargajiya

Ga ƙwararrun mawaƙa, waƙar jama'a koyaushe ta kasance tushen ƙwarin gwiwa. An kawo nau'o'in jama'a da yawa a cikin kiɗan ilimi na kowane zamani da mutane; Salon wakokin jama'a, kade-kade, da raye-raye shine fasahar fasaha da aka fi so na mawakan gargajiya.

Lu'u-lu'u da aka yanke zuwa lu'u-lu'u

Nau'o'in jama'a a cikin kiɗan mawaƙan gargajiya na Rasha ana la'akari da su azaman na halitta ne kuma na zahiri, a matsayin gadon sa. Mawakan Rasha sun yanke lu'u-lu'u nau'in lu'u-lu'u zuwa lu'u-lu'u, suna shafar kiɗan al'ummomi daban-daban a hankali, suna jin ɗimbin waƙoƙinsa da kaɗe-kaɗe tare da sanya kamanninsa a cikin ayyukansu.

Yana da wahala a saka sunan wasan opera na Rasha ko aikin wasan kwaikwayo inda ba a jin waƙoƙin gargajiya na Rasha. AKAN THE. Rimsky-Korsakov ya ƙirƙira waƙar waƙa mai raɗaɗi a cikin salon jama'a don wasan opera "Bride Tsar", wanda aka zubar da baƙin cikin yarinyar da ba a so. Waƙar Lyubasha tana ƙunshe da halayen halayen tarihin waƙoƙin Rasha: yana sauti ba tare da rakiyar kayan aiki ba, wato, capella (misali da ba kasafai ba a cikin wasan opera), waƙar da aka zana, faffadan waƙar diatonic ce, sanye take da mafi kyawun waƙoƙi.

Waƙar Lyubasha daga wasan opera “Amaryar Tsar”

Tare da hasken hannun MI Glinka, yawancin mawaƙa na Rasha sun zama masu sha'awar tarihin gabas (gabas): AP Borodin da MA Balakirev, NA Rimsky-Korsakov da SV Rachmaninov. A cikin soyayya na Rachmaninov "Kada ku raira waƙa, kyakkyawa yana tare da ni," waƙar waƙa da rakiyar suna nuna halayen kida na gabas.

Romance "Kada ka yi waƙa, kyakkyawa, a gabana"

Shahararren fantasy Balakirev na piano "Islamey" ya dogara ne akan rawar jama'ar Kabardian da suna iri ɗaya. An haɗu da rawar tashin hankali na raye-raye na maza a cikin wannan aikin tare da jigo mai ban sha'awa, mai laushi - asalin Tatar ne.

Fantasy na Gabas don piano "Islamey"

Kalaidoscope irin

Salon jama'a a cikin kiɗan mawakan Yammacin Turai wani lamari ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari. raye-rayen da dadewa - rigaudon, gavotte, sarabande, chaconne, bourre, galliard da sauran waƙoƙin jama'a - tun daga waƙoƙin kiɗa zuwa waƙoƙin sha, yawancin baƙi ne a shafukan ayyukan kiɗa na fitattun mawaƙa. Minuet na raye-rayen Faransanci mai ban sha'awa, wanda ya fito daga yanayin jama'a, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi so na manyan Turai, kuma, bayan wani lokaci, ƙwararrun mawaƙa sun haɗa shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin sassan kayan kayan aiki (ƙarni na XVII). Daga cikin litattafan Viennese, wannan rawa ta ɗauki matsayi a matsayin kashi na uku na zagayowar sonata-symphonic (ƙarni na 18).

Rawar zagayen farandola ta samo asali ne daga kudancin Faransa. Rike hannaye da motsi cikin sarka, ’yan wasan farandola suna yin adadi daban-daban don rakiyar tamburin farin ciki da sarewa. Wani sautin farandole mai tsananin zafi a cikin babban ɗakin shakatawa na J. Bizet "Arlesienne" nan da nan bayan gabatarwar maci, wanda kuma ya dogara ne akan tsohuwar waƙar - waƙar Kirsimeti "Maris na Sarakuna Uku".

Farandole daga kiɗa zuwa "Arlesienne"

Kaɗe-kaɗe masu gayyata da sokin fitaccen ɗan wasan flamenco na Andalusian sun kasance cikin aikinsa ta mawaƙin Spain M. de Falla. Musamman ma, ya ƙirƙiri wani ballet na pantomime na sufi guda ɗaya wanda ya dogara da abubuwan jama'a, yana kiranta "Soyayyar maita". Ballet yana da ɓangaren murya - abun da ke ciki na flamenco, ban da rawa, ya haɗa da waƙa, wanda aka haɗa tare da guitar interludes. Abin da ke cikin siffa na flamenco waƙoƙi ne da ke cike da ƙarfi na ciki da sha'awa. Babban jigogi sune kauna mai ƙarfi, kaɗaici mai ɗaci, mutuwa. Mutuwa ta raba gypsy Candelas daga masoyinta mai tashi a cikin ballet de Falla. Amma sihirin "Dance of Fire" yana 'yantar da jarumar, wanda ruhin mamacin ya yi masa sihiri, kuma ya farfado da Candelas zuwa sabon ƙauna.

Rawar kashe gobara daga ballet "Love is a Borceres"

Blues, wanda ya samo asali a karshen karni na 19 a kudu maso gabashin Amurka, ya zama daya daga cikin fitattun al'adun Afirka-Amurka. Ya haɓaka azaman haɗakar waƙoƙin aikin Negro da ruhi. Wakokin bulus na bakaken fata na Amurka sun nuna sha'awar rasa farin ciki. Classic blues yana da alaƙa da: haɓakawa, polyrhythm, rhythms daidaitacce, rage manyan digiri (III, V, VII). A cikin ƙirƙirar Rhapsody a cikin Blue, mawaƙin Amurka George Gershwin ya nemi ƙirƙirar salon kiɗan da zai haɗa kiɗan gargajiya da jazz. Wannan gwaji na fasaha na musamman babban nasara ce ga mawaki.

Rhapsody in Blues

Abin farin ciki ne a lura cewa soyayya ga salon gargajiya ba ta bushe ba a cikin kiɗan gargajiya a yau. "Chimes" na V. Gavrilin shine tabbatar da hakan. Wannan aiki ne mai ban mamaki wanda - duk Rasha - ba buƙatar sharhi ba!

Symphony-action "Chimes"