Erich Leinsdorf |

Erich Leinsdorf ne adam wata

Leinsdorf dan kasar Ostiriya ne. A Vienna, ya yi nazarin kiɗa - na farko a ƙarƙashin jagorancin mahaifiyarsa, sa'an nan kuma a Cibiyar Nazarin Kiɗa (1931-1933); Ya kammala karatunsa a Salzburg, inda ya kasance mataimaki ga Bruno Walter da Arturo Toscanini na tsawon shekaru hudu. Kuma duk da wannan, sunan Leinsdorf ya zama sananne a Turai kawai a tsakiyar 1963s, lokacin da ya jagoranci kungiyar kade-kade ta Boston Symphony kuma masu suka da masu wallafa a Amurka sun kira shi "mawaƙin XNUMX."

Tsakanin shekarun karatu da nasarar fahimtar duniya ya ta'allaka ne da dogon lokaci na aiki na Leinsdorf, motsi mara fahimta amma tsayayye gaba. An gayyace shi zuwa Amurka bisa jagorancin sanannen mawaƙa Lotta Lehman, wanda ya yi aiki tare da shi a Salzburg, kuma ya kasance a wannan ƙasa. Matakansa na farko sun kasance masu ban sha'awa - Leinsdorf ya fara halarta a New York a cikin Janairu 1938, yana gudanar da Valkyrie. Bayan haka, mai sukar jaridar New York Times Noel Strauss ya rubuta: “Duk da shekara 26 da ya yi, sabon shugaban ƙungiyar ya ja-goranci ƙungiyar makaɗa da gaba gaɗi kuma, gabaki ɗaya, ya yi tasiri sosai. Ko da yake babu wani abu mai ban mamaki a cikin aikinsa, ya nuna kida mai kyau, kuma basirarsa ta yi alkawari da yawa.

Game da shekaru biyu bayan mutuwar Bodanzky Leinsdorf ya zama, a gaskiya, babban darektan na Jamus repertoire na Metropolitan Opera, kuma ya zauna a can har 1943. Da farko, da yawa artists yarda da shi da rashin jituwa: da halin da ake ciki shi ma. daban-daban, sha'awarsa na tsananin bin rubutun marubucin tare da hadisai na Bodanzka, wanda ya ba da damar ɓata mahimmanci daga hadisai na yin aiki, yana hanzarta hanzari da yankewa. Amma a hankali Leindorf ya sami nasarar samun daraja da mutunta makada da mawakan soloists. Tuni a wancan lokacin, masu suka mai hazaka, da sama da duka D. Yuen, sun yi hasashen makoma mai haske a gare shi, da samun hazaka da kuma salon zane mai kama da babban malaminsa; wasu ma suna kiransa "saurayi Toscanini".

A shekara ta 1943, an gayyaci madugun don ya jagoranci ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Cleveland, amma bai da lokacin da za a fara aiki a can, yayin da aka sanya shi cikin soja, inda ya yi aiki na shekara daya da rabi. Bayan haka, ya zauna na tsawon shekaru takwas a matsayin babban darekta a Rochester, yana zagayawa a wasu biranen Amurka lokaci-lokaci. Sa'an nan na wani lokaci ya jagoranci New York City Opera, gudanar da wasanni a Metropolitan Opera. Don duk sunansa mai ƙarfi, kaɗan ne za su iya yin hasashen tashin meteoric na gaba. Amma bayan Charles Munsch ya sanar da cewa zai bar kungiyar kade-kade ta Boston, hukumar gudanarwar ta yanke shawarar gayyatar Leinsdorf, wanda wannan kungiyar kade-kade ta riga ta yi wasa sau daya. Kuma ba ta yi kuskure ba - shekarun da suka biyo baya na aikin Leinsdorf a Boston sun wadatar da jagoran da tawagar. A karkashin Leinsdorf, ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta faɗaɗa repertore, wanda aka iyakance a ƙarƙashin Münsche zuwa kiɗan Faransanci da ƴan guntun gargajiya. Dalibin abin koyi na ƙungiyar makaɗa ya girma. Yawon shakatawa da yawa na Leinsdorf a Turai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ciki har da wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin bazara na Prague a 1966, sun tabbatar da cewa jagoran yanzu yana kan iyawarsa.

Leinsdorf ta m image jitu hada mafi kyau fasali na Viennese romantic makaranta, wanda ya koya daga Bruno Walter, da fadi da ikon yinsa da ikon yin aiki tare da makada a cikin kide kide da kuma a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda Toscanini ya mika masa, kuma a karshe, gwaninta. ya ci gaba da aiki a cikin shekaru masu yawa a Amurka. Amma game da faɗin abubuwan sha'awar mai zane, ana iya tantance wannan daga rikodin nasa. Daga cikin su akwai wasan operas da yawa da kaɗe-kaɗe. Daga cikin wadanda suka cancanci a kira su "Don Giovanni" da "Auren Figaro" na Mozart, "Cio-Cio-san", "Tosca", "Turandot", "La Boheme" na Puccini, "Lucia di Lammermoor" ta Donizetti, “The Barber of Seville” na Rossini, “Macbeth” na Verdi, “Valkyrie” na Wagner, “Ariadne auf Naxos” na Strauss… Waƙar Symphonic ba ta da wadata da bambanta: Daga cikin bayanan da Leinsdorf ya rubuta, mun sami Mahler's Farko da Fifth Symphonies, Beethoven's da Brahms' Thirds, Prokofiev's Fifth, Mozart's Jupiter, Mendelssohn's A Midsummer Night's Dream, A Hero's Life Richard Strapsss Berg's Wozzeck. Kuma daga cikin kide-kide na kayan aiki da Leinsdorf ya rubuta tare da haɗin gwiwar manyan masters akwai Concerto na Piano na Biyu na Brahms tare da Richter.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969