Alexey Petrovich Ivanov |

Alexei Ivanov

Alexei Petrovich aka haife shi a 1904 a cikin iyali na parochial malamin makaranta. Lokacin da yaron ya girma, an sanya shi zuwa wannan makaranta, wanda yake a ƙauyen Chizhovo, lardin Tver. An koyar da waƙa a makaranta, wanda kuma iyalin Ivanov suka kwashe. Little Aleksey ya saurara da bacin rai yayin da mahaifinsa da yayyensa suke rera waƙoƙin jama'a. Ba jimawa ya shiga mawakan gida da muryarsa. Tun daga wannan lokacin Alexey bai daina waƙa ba.

A cikin ainihin makarantar Tver, inda Aleksey Petrovich ya shiga, dalibai sun shirya wasan kwaikwayo na mai son. Matsayi na farko da Alexei ya taka shine rawar Ant a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na kida na Krylov's fable "Dragonfly and Ant". Bayan kammala karatunsa daga koleji, Alexei Petrovich ya shiga sashen ilimin lissafi da lissafi na Tver Pedagogical Institute. Tun 1926, yana aiki a matsayin malamin kimiyyar lissafi, lissafi da makanikai a makarantar FZU na Tver Carriage Works. A wannan lokacin, ana fara darussan waƙa mai tsanani. A 1928, Ivanov shiga cikin Leningrad Conservatory, ba tare da katse koyarwar ainihin kimiyyar riga a cikin makarantu da fasaha na Leningrad.

A opera studio a Conservatory, inda ya yi karatu a karkashin jagorancin Ivan Vasilievich Ershov, ya ba da singer mai yawa a cikin samun murya da kuma mataki basira. Tare da babban zafi, Alexei Petrovich ya tuna da rawar da ya taka na farko, wanda aka yi a kan mataki na ɗakin studio - ɓangaren Scarpia a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na G. Puccini na Tosca. A shekarar 1948, tare da ita, da riga gane singer, soloist na Bolshoi Theater, yi a Prague Spring Festival a Prague Opera House a cikin wani gungu Dino Bodesti da Yarmila Pekhova. A karkashin jagorancin Yershov Ivanov kuma ya shirya wani ɓangare na Gryaznoy ("The Tsar Bride").

Muhimmiyar rawa a cikin samuwar gwaninta na artist ya taka a cikin shekarun da ya zauna a Leningrad Academic Maly Opera gidan wasan kwaikwayo, a kan mataki na Alexei Petrovich ya fara yin a 1932. Tuni a lokacin, da hankali da hankali. Matashin singer ya janyo hankalin m ka'idodin Stanislavsky, gyare-gyare a fagen wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo, da sha'awar shawo kan opera clichés, wanda sha'awar actor-singer aka sau da yawa sadaukar, dangane da abin da opera wasan kwaikwayo rasa ta. mutunci kuma ya rabu cikin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban, fiye ko žasa da nasarar rera waƙa. Lokacin aiki a MALEGOT Ivanov ya sadu da KS Stanislavsky kuma ya yi dogon zance da shi, a lokacin da ya samu mafi muhimmanci darussa a cikin embodiment na opera images.

A 1936-38, da artist yi a kan mataki na Saratov da Gorky Opera Houses. A Saratov, ya yi tare da babban nasara a matsayin Demon a cikin opera na wannan sunan ta A. Rubinstein. Tuni daga baya, yin wani ɓangare na Demon a cikin reshe na Bolshoi Theater, da singer muhimmanci zurfafa mataki hali na Lermontov ta gwarzo, gano m shãfe, ya kashe da m 'yan tawaye ruhu. A lokaci guda kuma, mawaƙin ya ba wa Aljanin siffofi na ɗan adam, yana zana shi ba kawai a matsayin halitta mai ban mamaki ba, amma a matsayin mutum mai karfi wanda ba ya so ya jure wa zaluncin da ke kewaye da shi.

A mataki na reshe na Bolshoi Theater, Alexei Petrovich ya fara halarta a karon a cikin rawar Rigoletto a 1938. Idan a kan yammacin Turai matakai babban hali ne yawanci Duke, wanda bangare ne kunshe a cikin repertoire na fitattun tenors. samar da Bolshoi da aka sa'an nan mataki, da rabo na jester Rigoletto samu babban muhimmanci. A cikin shekaru da ya yi aiki a Bolshoi Theater Ivanov ya rera kusan dukan baritone repertoire, da kuma aiki a kan rawar da Bes a cikin opera Cherevichki aka musamman lura da masu sukar da masu sauraro. A cikin wannan rawar, Alexei Petrovich ya nuna sassaucin murya mai ƙarfi da sauti, cikar aiki. Muryarsa a fili take a wurin tsafi. Ma'anar jin dadi a cikin zane-zane ya taimaka wajen cire fantasy daga siffar Bes - Ivanov ya zana shi a matsayin mai ban dariya mai ban sha'awa, mai banƙyama, yana ƙoƙarin yin banza don shiga hanyar mutum. A shekara ta 1947, tare da babban nasara, Ivanov ya yi wani ɓangare na Peter a cikin wani sabon samarwa da kuma bugu na A. Serov's opera The Enemy Force. Ya fuskanci aiki mai wuyar gaske, tun da a cikin sabon aikin, Bitrus ya zama babban hoton maimakon maƙerin Eremka. Ga yadda masu suka na waɗannan shekarun suka rubuta: “Aleksey Ivanov ya jimre da wannan aikin da ƙwazo, yana mai da cibiyar nauyi na wasan kwaikwayon zuwa sautin murya mai zurfi da hoton matakin da ya halitta, yana nuna sha’awar Bitrus marar natsuwa, da sauye-sauyen ba zato ba tsammani. daga nishadi marar karewa zuwa bakin ciki. Ya kamata a lura cewa mai zane a cikin wannan rawar ya kusanci asalin tushen wasan opera - wasan kwaikwayo na Ostrovsky "Kada ku rayu kamar yadda kuke so" kuma ya fahimci ra'ayinsa daidai, tsarin da'a.

Halin zafi da basirar mataki ko da yaushe taimaka Alexei Petrovich don kula da tashin hankali na ban mamaki mataki, don cimma mutuncin operatic images. Hoton mawaƙin na Mazepa a cikin opera ta PI Tchaikovsky ya fito sosai. Mai zanen ya bayyana gaba gaɗi da sabani tsakanin girman bayyanar tsohon hetman da mugun halinsa na mayaudari wanda baƙon abu ne ga kyawawan halaye da muradi na ɗan adam. Ƙididdigar sanyi yana jagorantar duk tunani da ayyukan Mazepa da Ivanov yayi. Don haka Mazepa ya ba da umarnin a kashe Kochubey, mahaifin Maria. Kuma, da ya aikata wannan mugun nufi, ya rungumi Maryamu, wadda ta amince da shi a makance, kuma ya tambaye shi ko wanene cikin biyun - shi ko mahaifinta - za ta yi hadaya idan ɗayansu ya mutu. Alexei Ivanov ya gudanar da wannan yanayin tare da ma'anar tunani mai ban mamaki, wanda ya fi girma a cikin hoto na ƙarshe, lokacin da Mazepa ya ga rushewar duk tsare-tsarensa.

Alexei Petrovich Ivanov ya yi tafiya kusan dukan Tarayyar Soviet tare da yawon shakatawa, tafiya kasashen waje, halarci daban-daban opera productions na kasashen waje opera gidajen. A shekara ta 1945, bayan yin wasan kwaikwayo a Vienna, mai zane ya sami furen laurel tare da rubutu: "Zuwa ga babban mai fasaha daga birnin Vienna mai godiya." Mawaƙin koyaushe yana tunawa da ƙa'idar MI Glinka game da "sauti mai gudana cikin 'yanci, launi mai dumi kuma koyaushe mai ma'ana." Wadannan kalmomi ba da gangan ba suna tunawa lokacin da kuka ji waƙar Alexei Petrovich, lokacin da kuke sha'awar ƙamus ɗinsa mai kyau, yana kawo kowace kalma ga mai sauraro. Ivanov shine marubucin litattafai masu yawa, daga cikinsu akwai wani wuri na musamman da tarihinsa, wanda aka buga a cikin wani littafi mai suna "The Life of Artist".

Babban discography na AP Ivanov:

1. Opera "Carmen" na G. Bizet, wani ɓangare na Escamillo, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda V. Nebolsin ya yi, wanda aka rubuta a 1953, abokan tarayya - V. Borisenko, G. Nelepp, E. Shumskaya da sauransu. (A halin yanzu ana fitowa a CD a cikin kasarmu da kuma kasashen waje)
2. Opera "Pagliacci" na R. Leoncavallo, wani ɓangare na Tonio, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda V. Nebolsin ya gudanar, rikodi na "rayuwa" na 1959, abokan tarayya - M. Del Monaco, L. Maslennikova, N. Timchenko, E. Belov. (Lokacin da ya gabata an sake shi akan rikodin phonograph a cikin 1983 a kamfanin Melodiya)
3. Opera "Boris Godunov" na M. Mussorgsky, wani ɓangare na Andrei Shchelkalov, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda A. Melik-Pashaev ya gudanar, wanda aka rubuta a 1962, abokan tarayya - I. Petrov, G. Shulpin, V. Ivanovsky, M. Reshetin, Arkhipova da sauransu. (An sake shi a CD a ƙasashen waje)
4. Opera "Khovanshchina" na M. Mussorgsky, wani ɓangare na Shaklovity, mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda V. Nebolsin ya gudanar, wanda aka rubuta a 1951, abokan tarayya - M. Reizen, M. Maksakov, A. Krivchenya, G. Bolshakov, N. Khanaev da sauransu. (An sake shi a CD a ƙasashen waje)
5. Opera "Dubrovsky" na E. Napravnik, wani ɓangare na Troekurov, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda V. Nebolsin ya yi, wanda aka rubuta a 1948, abokan tarayya - I. Kozlovsky, N. Chubenko, E. Verbitskaya, E. Ivanov, N. Pokrovskaya da sauransu. (Saki na ƙarshe akan rikodin gramophone na kamfanin Melodiya a cikin 70s na karni na XX)
6. Opera "Tale of Tsar Saltan" na N. Rimsky-Korsakov, wani ɓangare na manzo, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda V. Nebolsin ya yi, wanda aka rubuta a 1958, abokan tarayya - I. Petrov, E. Smolenskaya, V. Ivanovsky , G. Oleinichenko, L. Nikitina, E. Shumilova, P. Chekin da sauransu. (An sake shi a CD a ƙasashen waje)
7. Opera "The Tsar's Bride" na N. Rimsky-Korsakov, wani ɓangare na Gryaznoy, mawaƙa da makada na Bolshoi Theater, "rayuwa" rikodi na 1958, abokan - E. Shumskaya, I. Arkhipova. (Ana adana rikodin a cikin kuɗin rediyo, ba a fitar da shi a CD ba)
8. Opera "The Demon" na A. Rubinstein, wani ɓangare na Demon, mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda A. Melik-Pashaev ya yi, wanda aka rubuta a 1950, abokan tarayya - T. Talakhadze, I. Kozlovsky, E. Gribova, V. Gavryushov da sauransu. (An sake shi a CD a cikin ƙasarmu da waje)
9. Opera "Mazepa" na P. Tchaikovsky, sashin Mazepa, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda V. Nebolsin ya yi, wanda aka rubuta a 1948, abokan tarayya - I. Petrov, V. Davydova, N. Pokrovskaya, G. Bolshakov da sauransu. (An sake shi a CD a ƙasashen waje)
10. Opera "The Queen of Spades" na P. Tchaikovsky, wani ɓangare na Tomsky, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda A. Melik-Pashaev ya gudanar, wanda aka rubuta a 1948, abokan tarayya - G. Nelepp, E. Smolenskaya, P. Lisitsian, E Verbitskaya, V. Borisenko da sauransu. (An sake shi akan CD a Rasha da kasashen waje)
11. Opera "Cherevichki" na P. Tchaikovsky, wani ɓangare na Bes, mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda A. Melik-Pashaev ya gudanar, wanda aka rubuta a 1948, abokan tarayya - E. Kruglikova, M. Mikhailov, G. Nelepp, E. Antonova, F. Godovkin da sauransu. (An sake shi a CD a ƙasashen waje)
12. Opera "The Decembrists" na Y. Shaporin, wani ɓangare na Ryleev, mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda A. Melik-Pashaev ya gudanar, wanda aka rubuta a 1955, abokan tarayya - A. Pirogov, N. Pokrovskaya, G. Nelepp, E. Verbitskaya , I. Petrov, A. Ognivtsev da sauransu. (A karshe lokacin da aka saki a kan gramophone records "Melodiya" a cikin marigayi 60s na XX karni) Daga cikin videos tare da sa hannu na AP Ivanova ta sanannen fim-opera "Cherevychki", harbi na karshen 40s tare da sa hannu. na G. Bolshakova, M. Mikhailova da sauransu.